d-pantothenic acid sodium

D-Pantothenic acid sodium (vitamin B5 sodium) , the sodium salt of D-pantothenate, is a derivative of vitamin B5 which is an an essential nutrient and plays important roles in the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates and certain amino acids.

D-Glucuronic acid is an important intermediate isolated from many gums. It has anti-inflammatory effects on the skin. It and its derivative glucuronolactone act as preventive liver detoxifiers for human health.

2-O-α-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic Acid (ASCORBYL GLUCOSIDE), a glucoside derivative of ascorbic acid, exhibits anti-cancer properties upon enzymatic conversion to ascorbic acid.

Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium Valproate) is the sodium salt form of valproic acid with anti-epileptic activity. Valproic acid sodium salt is converted into its active form, valproate ion, in blood. Although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, Valproic acid sodium salt increases concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, probably due to inhibition of the enzymes responsible for the catabolism of GABA. This potentiates the synaptic actions of GABA. Valproic acid sodium salt may also affect potassium channels, thereby creating a direct membrane-stabilizing effect.

D-(-)-Mandelic acid ((R)-(-)-Mandelic acid) has the health function of killing sperm, reducing Yin, inhibiting bacteria, anti-inflammation and enhancing vagina self-cleaning.

Usnic Acid sodium is a natual product.

Deoxycholic acid sodium salt (Sodium deoxycholate) can activate the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.

D-Glucuronic acid sodium salt monohydrate (Sodium D-glucuronate) is a carboxylic acid that is highly soluble in water. In humans, glucuronic acid often binds to toxic substances to facilitate elimination and to hormones to aid in their transport.

D-Glutamic acid ((R)-Glutamic acid), the enantiomer of L-glutamic acid, is widely used in medicine and food.

D-Pipecolinic acid ((R)-Piperidine-2-carboxylic acid) is a normal human metabolite found in human biological fluids.

Nalidixic acid sodium salt (Baktogram) is an antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum.

2-Deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucose sodium (GlcN-2S) can potentially influence arthritis.

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium [Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate] is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 0.628 mM.

Hyaluronic acid sodium (Sodium Hyaluronate) is an anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. It is unique among glycosaminoglycans in that it is nonsulfated, forms in the plasma membrane instead of the Golgi, and can be very large, with its molecular weight often reaching the millions. One of the chief components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid contributes significantly to cell proliferation and migration, and may also be involved in the progression of some malignant tumors.

D-Glucaric acid potassium (D-Saccharic acid potassium salt) is a compound formed from oxidizing sugars, which can be used to test for the presence of hepatic enzyme induction. Studies indicate that D-glucuronolactone dehydrogenase oxidizes D-Saccharic acid potassium salt into D-glucaro-l,4;6,3-dilactone. Alternate studies suggest that D-Saccharic acid potassium salt forms a complex with Cu(II) and H2O2to decolorize azo, acridine, triphenyl methane, anthraquinone and thiazine-based dyes.

3-Indoleacetic acid sodium (Heteroauxin sodium salt) is a naturally occurring plant hormone of the auxin class. It can stimulate cell elongation and division, promoting plant growth and development. However, at high concentrations, it exhibits growth inhibiting effects, including epinasty and prevention of shoot and root growth. This latter effect formed the basis for which synthetic auxins were developed as herbicides and bioregulators in agriculture.

D-Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is a water-soluble vitamin ubiquitously found in plants and animal tissues with an antioxidant property. D-Pantothenic acid is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex. D-Pantothenic acid is a growth factor and is essential for various metabolic functions, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fatty acids. This vitamin is also involved in the synthesis of cholesterol, lipids, neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, and hemoglobin.

D-(-)-Tartaric acid (D-Tartaric acid; (S, S)-tartarate; D-threaric acid) is mainly located in the cytoplasm. D-(-)-Tartaric acid can be converted into (2S,3S)-cis-fertaric acid and (2S,3S)-trans-fertaric acid. Outside the human body, it can be found in vinegar. This makes it a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food.

(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium ((R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid) is a chiral precursor that can be used to synthesize biodegradable PHB and its copolyesters. (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium can be used as a nutrient in plants.

3-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium (β-Hydroxybutyric acid sodium) is a metabolite found in type I diabetic patients that regulates membrane lipids.

D-(+)-Phenyllactic acid (D-3-Phenyllactic acid), an antibacterial compound produced by Geotrichum candidum, effectively inhibits various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria originating from humans and food products[1].

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium (Poly(I:C) sodium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5).

Ferulic acid sodium (Sodium ferulic), the sodium salt of ferulic acid, is a drug used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and to prevent thrombosis.

Glycocholic Acid Sodium Salt (Sodium Glycocholate) is a conjugated bile salt and ionic biologic detergent. It is involved in the emulsification of fats.

Phytic acid sodium salt (Sodium phytate hydrate) is known to function as a [PO4]3- storage depot and a precursor for other inositol phosphates and pyrophosphates. It is a potent chelator of divalent and trivalent cations in vitro.

D-Fructose-6-phosphate (sodium salt hydrate) is a sugar intermediate in the glycolytic pathway produced by the isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate by glucose phosphate isomerase, and is used in cancer research.

Isethionic acid sodium salt (Sodium isethionate) is an organosulfur compound containing a short chain alkane sulfonate linked to a hydroxyl group. Mammals are able to endogenously synthesize Isethionic acid sodium salt via taurine through a possible enzymatic deamination process. Isethionic acid sodium salt can be found in both human plasma and urine. Higher plasma levels of Isethionic acid sodium salt have been shown to be protective against type 2 diabetes.

Cholic acid sodium (SodiumCholate) exhibits a strong spermicidal and antiviral [anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1] activity.

L-Ascorbic acid sodium salt (Vitamin C sodium salt) is a more bioavailable form of vitamin C that is an alternative to taking ascorbic acid as a supplement.

Cyclamic acid sodium (Cyclohexylsulfamicacidsodium) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and one of the most widely used artificial sweeteners in food and pharmaceuticals.Cyclamic acid sodium shows moderate anticonvulsant activity in a maximal electroshock convulsive seizure model.Cyclamic acid sodium is used in cancer research.

Ursodeoxycholic acid sodium (Sodium Ursodeoxycholate) is a naturally occurring secondary bile acid with anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective activities. Ursodeoxycholic acid sodium acts as signaling molecule, exerting its effects by interacting with bile acid activated receptors,

Fusidic acid sodium salt (SQ-16360) is a sodium salt form of fusidic acid, a bacteriostatic antibiotic derived from the fungus Fusidium coccineum and used as a topical medication to treat skin infections.

D-Glucuronic acid lactone (Dicurone) is a naturally occurring chemical that is an important structural component of nearly all connective tissues. Glucuronolactone is also found in many plant gums.

D-Pantothenic acid hemicalcium salt (Calcium pantothenate), a kind of water soluble vitamin, can reduce the patulin content of the apple juice.

D-(-)-Quinic acid (Kinic acid) is a cellular metal ion chelator, capable of promoting reactions with metal M(II,III) ions under pH-specific conditions. It may possess potent inhibition against alpha-mannosidase and alpha-fucosidase.

D(-)-2-Aminobutyric acid is a substrate of D-amino acid oxidase.

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium (Sodium taurochenodeoxycholate) is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium induces apoptosis and shows obvious anti-inflammatory and immune regulation properties. It can increase glucose-induced insulin secretion and stimulate the electrical activity of α2-cells and enhance cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)).

Dehydroacetic acid sodium (Sodium dehydroacetate) is the sodium salt of dehydroacetic acid, a bactericide and fungicide that is commonly used as a food preservative. Dehydroacetic acid sodium is a preservative that is used in the formulation of personal care products and cosmetics in order to extend the shelf-life by preventing microbial contamination.

Myristoyl glutamic acid sodium, a surfactant in amino acid cleansers, has mild antibacterial properties and cleanses the skin surface of excess oil and dirt.

2-Ketoglutaric acid Sodium (AKG) is a key molecule in the TCA cycle. It can be produced from glutamate by oxidative deamination via glutamate dehydrogenase and as a product of pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transamination reactions (mediated by branched-chain amino acid transaminases) in which glutamate is a common amino donor.

Sodium Glucuronic Acid (4-FLUOROCINNAMONITRILE) is used in the treatment of hepatitis and liver cirrhosis.

Loganic acid 6′-O-β-D-glucoside (8-Epi-Loganic acid-6'-O-β-D-glucoside) is a natural product derived from Cistanche deserticola that inhibits LPS-induced NO and TNF-α production.

D-γ-Glutamyl-D-glutamic acid acetate is a poly(γ-glutamic acid) of clusters of D- and D-glutamic acid repeating units in a linear chain.

Sapienic acid sodium is a fatty acid with variable antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria found on the skin and in the oral cavity.

D-erythrose 4-sodium phosphate is the sodium phosphate of the monosaccharide erythrose. Erythritol is actually converted to D-erythrose 4-phosphate involving three isomerases.

1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium (1-Oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid sodium salt) salt is an Endogenous agonist of LPA1 and LPA2

D-(-)-Lactic acid sodium (Sodium D-lactate) is an organic acid. It is a chiral molecule, consisting of two optical isomers, L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, with the L-isomer being the most common in living organisms. D-(-)-Lactic acid sodium also is a microbial metabolite.

Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (Sodium taurocholate hydrate), formed by the conjugation of taurine with cholic acid, is the primary ingredient in the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is employed as a cholagogue and choleretic.