ganoderic acid s

Ganoderic acid S, a positional isomer of ganoderic acids, can be isolated from the fermented mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum. It can induce apoptosis in HeLa cells through the mitochondria pathway [1].

A novel combination of triterpenoids includes at least ganoderic acid S (GAS), ganoderic acid T (GAT), ganoderic acid Me (GAMe), ganoderic acid R (GAR), and ganodermic acid S (GMAS), the composition is suitable for the treatment or prophylaxis of colon ca

(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (L-(−)-3-Phenyllactic acid) is a chiral aromatic compound involved in phenylalanine metabolism. It is likely produced from phenylpyruvate via lactate dehydrogenase. The D-form is derived from bacterial sources, while the L-form is endogenous. Phenyllactate levels are normally very low in blood or urine, but high levels indicate phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). PKU is due to a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), causing phenylalanine to convert to phenylpyruvic acid rather than tyrosine.

(S)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid (L-(+)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid) is a normal human metabolite that has been found elevated in geriatric patients remitting from depression. (S)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid is synthesized in the liver from acetyl-CoA in humans, and can be used as an energy source by the brain when blood glucose is low.

(S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a tart-tasting organic dicarboxylic acid found in many sour foods, such as apples, and contributes to the sourness of green apples and tartness of wine, although its concentration decreases with fruit ripeness (wikipedia). In its ionized form, it is called malate, an intermediate in the TCA cycle alongside fumarate, and can be formed from pyruvate through anaplerotic reactions. In humans, malic acid is derived from food sources and synthesized in the body via the citric acid cycle in mitochondria, playing a crucial role in energy production under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, malate is oxidized to oxaloacetate, providing reducing equivalents via the malate-aspartate redox shuttle, while during anaerobic conditions, its simultaneous reduction to succinate and oxidation to oxaloacetate removes excess reducing equivalents, reversing hypoxia’s inhibition of glycolysis and energy production. Studies on rats have shown that tissue malate depletes following exhaustive physical activity, suggesting that malic acid deficiency may cause physical exhaustion. Administering malic acid to rats has been shown to elevate mitochondrial malate, increasing mitochondrial respiration and energy production.

(S)-Leucic acid is an amino acid metabolite used as a muscle builder.

(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE) is an important intracellular signaling agent generated by the reaction of linoleic acid with plant and mammalian lipoxygenases. It is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems and inhibits the adhesion of tumor cells to the vascular endothelium, while down-regulating IRGpIIb IIIa receptor expression at around 1 μM. Additionally, (S)-Coriolic acid is a metabolite of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) and often acts as an endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. It induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial damage.

1. Ganoderic acid D is one of the major components in Ganoderma triterpenes. 2. Ganoderic acid D treatment for 48h inhibits the proliferation of HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells with an IC(5) value of 17.3 + - .3 microM.

(S)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropionic acid ((S)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid) (compound 1) is a metabolite found in the culture medium of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, exhibiting significant DPPH radical-scavenging and antioxidative activities.

(S)-2-acetamido-4-amino-4-oxobutanoic acid (Nα-Acetyl-L-asparagine), also known as acasn, is an endogenous metabolite.

Ganodermic acid S, as a membrane acting agent isolated from the fungus Ganoderma lucidum, exerts multiple effects on human platelet function.

Ganoderic acid Me, a triterpenoid present in Ganoderma lucidum [1], exhibits various biological activities.

Ganoderic acid T, a natural compound isolated from Ganoderma lucidum [1], exhibits various pharmacological properties.

(S)-2-Hydroxybutanoic acid is a natural product used in life sciences research, catalog number T65934, CAS number 3347-90-8.

Ganoderic acid Mk (GA-Mk), a triterpenoid acid derived from Ganoderma lucidum mycelia, exhibits potent anti-proliferative properties and can induce apoptosis in HeLa cells through a mitochondria-mediated pathway, making it significant for cervical cancer research [1] [2].

Ganoderic acid M is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T126539.

Ganoderic acid SZ is a natural product. The catalog number is TN4104 and the CAS number is 865543-37-9. Ganoderic acid SZ can be used as a reference standard.

Ganoderic acid AM1 treatment for 48 h inhibited the proliferation of HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells with IC(50) values of 19.8+/-0.7 microM.

Ganoderic acid ε, a naturally occurring terpenoid, is extracted from the Fungus Ganoderma lucidum. This compound possesses an ED 50 value of 12.2 μg mL, as demonstrated in its impact on Meth-A tumor cells.

Ganoderic acid C1 has anti-inflammatory activity, has potential for treating TNF-α± mediated inflammation in asthma and other inflammatory diseases. Ganoderic acid C1 has anti-tumor-promoting activity. It is moderately active inhibitors against HIV-1 prot

Ganoderic acid H is a potent antitumour agent, it mediates its biological effects through the inhibition of transcription factors AP-1 and NF-kappaB, resulting in the down-regulation of expression of Cdk4.

Ganoderic acid I is a natural product from Ganoderma lucidum .

The binding affinities of ganoderic acid DM andGanoderic acid ζ (ΔGbind, -16.83 and-10.99 kcal mol-1) are comparable to that of current commercial drug oseltamivir (-23.62 kcal mol-1);Ganoderic acid DM is a potential source of anti-influenza ingredient, with novel binding pattern and advantage over oseltamivir, it has steric hindrance on the 150 cavity of N1 protein, and exerts activities across the H274Y and N294S mutations, is the attractive candidates of novel neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors.Ganoderic acid zeta has cytotoxicity in vitro against Meth-A and LLC cell lines.

1. Ganoderic acid A exhibits antitumor activity, mediated through its inhibitory effect on nuclear transcription factor-kappaB and activator protein-1. 2. Ganoderic acid A can induce proliferation inhibition, apoptosis and suppression of invasion in human

Ganoderic acid G is isolated from the surface of Ganoderma lucidum tube layer.

Ganoderic acid F exhibits antitumor and antimetastatic activities through inhibition of angiogenesis and alteration of proteins involving cell proliferation and or cell death, carcinogenesis, oxidative stress, calcium signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum

Ganoderic acid Df, a lanostane-type triterpenoid isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, potently inhibits aldose reductase with an IC 50 of 22.8 ± 0.6 μM [1].

Ganoderic acid T1, a deacetylated derivative of Ganoderic acid T, diminishes mitochondrial membrane potential and triggers cell apoptosis by activating caspase-9 and caspase-3, thus impairing the antioxidant defense system of cancer cells. Additionally, it elevates intracellular ROS levels, yielding pro-oxidant activities and cytotoxicity [1].

(S)-3,4-Dihydroxybutyric acid is a human urinary metabolite.

Ganoderic acid K is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It has anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities.

23-Dihydroganoderic Acid N has anticancer effects.

Ganoderic acid T-Q and TR are two inhibitors of H5N1 and H1N1 NAs.

Ganoderic acid GS-2 inhibits the activity of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) protease.

Dexamethasone exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.

(S)-β-aminoisobutyric acid is a non-protein amino acid derived from the catabolism of valine and thymine.

Methyl Ganoderic acid B, a triterpenoid isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, exhibits neuronal survival-promoting effects similar to nerve growth factor (NGF-like) [1].

23S-hydroxy-11,15-dioxo-ganoderic acid DM is a natural product

Ganoderic acid L is a natural product from the fruiting body of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi).

(S)-Gossypol acetic acid is the isomer of a natural product Gossypol.

Ganoderic acid Y significantly inhibits the replication of the viral RNA (vRNA) of EV71 replication through blocking EV71 uncoating.

Ganoderic acid LM2 exhibits potent enhancement of ConA-induced mice splenocytes proliferation in vitro.

Ganoderic acid TR is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of influenza neuraminidases (NAs), particularly H1N1 and H5N1 neuraminidases, with IC50 values of 4.6 and 10.9 μM, respectively.

Ganoderic acid J, a natural terpenoid extracted from Ganoderma lucidum fungus, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties.

Ganoderic acid D2 is a natural product

(S)-2-Amino-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl)propanoic acid dihydrate (jodgorgon) results from the iodination of MONOIODOTYROSINE. During thyroid hormone biosynthesis, diiodotyrosine residues couple with either monoiodotyrosine or diiodotyrosine residues to form T3 or T4 thyroid hormones.

S-30-Hydroxygambogic acid, a polyprenylated xanthone epimer isolated from the gamboges of Garcinia hanburyi, exhibits cytotoxicity against Human Leukemia K562 cell lines with IC50 values of 4.49 μM for K562/R and 3.61 μM for K562/S. This compound is utilized in cancer research [1].