guanosine 5' diphosphate disodium salt

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt (5'-GDP-Na2) is a nucleoside diphosphate, is a potential iron mobilizer, which prevents the hepcidin-ferroportin interaction and modulating the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/stat-3 pathway.

Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt (UDP disodium salt) is a specific agonist of the P2Y6 receptors (EC50 = 13 nM for human P2Y6), stimulating the production of inflammatory mediators, phagocytosis, and vasoconstriction. Uridine-5'-diphosphate disodium salt also acts as an antagonist of P2Y14.

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt (GMP-5) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. In particular, L-Glutamic acid and guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from xanthylic acid and L-glutamine; which is catalyzed by the enzyme GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]. In addition, Guanosine triphosphate and guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from diguanosine tetraphosphate; which is catalyzed by the enzyme bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase [asymmetrical]. In humans, guanosine monophosphate is involved in the kanamycin action pathway, the telithromycin action pathway, the tobramycin action pathway, and the erythromycin action pathway. Guanosine monophosphate is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria (D and L form) pathway. Outside of the human body, guanosine monophosphate can be found in a number of food items such as onion-family vegetables, millet, chinese water chestnut, and red rice. This makes guanosine monophosphate a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.

Xanthosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt (L-XMP Sodium) is an intermediate in purine metabolism.

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate disodium (CDP sodium salt) produces CTP to support DNA and RNA biosynthesis and ribonucleotide reductase to produce dCMP.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (Methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) induces human platelet aggregation and non-competitively blocks the stimulated human platelet adenylate cyclase.

DNQX disodium salt is a water-soluble form of selective antagonist of non-NMDA receptor

Maleic acid disodium salt is a pharmaceutical intermediate used in the synthesis of other active compounds.

Foxy-5 Ammonium Salt is a WNT5A agonist, a mimetic peptide of WNT5A, a non-classical member of the Wnt family.Foxy-5 Ammonium Salt triggers cytoplasmic free calcium signaling without affecting β-catenin activation and inhibits migration and invasion of epithelial cancer cells.Foxy-5 Foxy-5 Ammonium Salt effectively reduces the metastatic spread of prostate cancer cells with low WNT5A expression in an in situ mouse model.

Guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) as Potential Iron Mobilizer, Preventing the Hepcidin-Ferroportin Interaction and Modulating the Interleukin-6/Stat-3 Pathway.

Pep 2-8 ammonium salt is Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor. Potent inhibitor of PCSK9 binding to LDL receptor (IC50 = 0.8 μM). Restores LDL uptake in HepG2 cells treated with PCSK9.

EDTA copper(II) disodium salt is a metal chelator with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, slows down damage caused by metal ions, maintains osmotic pressure during protein purification, and can be used in the study of neurological disorders.

7-Methylguanosine 5’-diphosphate (7-Methyl-GDP) sodium, a cap analog, is utilized in the synthesis of mRNA cap analogues[1].

5-Phospho-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) is a natural intermediate involved in the pentose phosphate pathway leading to purine, pyrimidine, and histidine metabolism. It is also an intermediate in the synthesis of plant hormones, alkaloids, and other secondary metabolites from glucose. Several phosphoribosyltransferases (PRTases) use PRPP as a substrate to add a 5-phosphoribosyl group to another substrate, as in the production of adenosine monophosphate from adenine and PRPP by adenine PRTase. N/A

Uridine 5′-triphosphate tris salt (Uridine 5'-triphosphoric acid) is an agonist to the P2Y receptor and has been used to study concentrations of intracellular Ca2+, as well as a phosphate donor for in vitro kinase assays.

EC-17 (disodium salt), a folate receptor alpha (FRα) targeting contrast agent, exhibits fluorescent properties within the visible light spectrum, characterized by peak excitation and emission wavelengths of 470/520 nm, respectively.

Ribavirin 5'-monophosphate (lithium salt) directly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase (converts IMP to XMP).

Ganglioside GD3 disodium salt is a melanoma-associated antigen often targeted in immune therapy for melanomas.

UDP-a-D-Galactose disodium salt is a donor substrate for galactosyltransferases employed in the biosynthesis of galactose-containing oligosaccharides[1].

L-2-Phosphoglyceric acid disodium salt is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate.

Adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate sodium is a competitive P2Y1 antagonist with non-selective antagonism at recombinant and human platelet P2X1 receptors.

Thymidine 5′-diphosphate (dTDP), a crucial product of pyrimidine synthesis in organisms, is synthesized through the thymidylate kinase (TMPK)-catalyzed phosphorylation of 5′-thymidine monophosphate (dTMP), requiring ATP and Mg2+. It is further converted to thymidine 5′-triphosphate (dTTP) via TMPK catalysis. The activity of TMPK can be monitored by assessing the levels of dTDP [1] [2].

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) diammonium, a dinucleotide cap analog, facilitates in vitro RNA transcription [1].

D-myo-Inositol-1,3-phosphate (Ins(1,3)P) is a member of the inositol phosphate (InsP) molecular family that play critical roles as small, soluble second messengers in the transmission of cellular signals. The most studied InsP, Ins(1,4,5)P3 is a second messenger produced in cells by phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate. Binding of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to its receptor on the endoplasmic reticulum results in opening of the calcium channels and an increase in intracellular calcium. Ins(1,3)P2 can be dephosphorylated to Ins(1)P by inositol polyphosphate 3-phosphatase and further dephosphorylated to inositol by inositol monophosphatase.

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) is a dinucleotide cap analog employed in the process of in vitro RNA transcription.

Thymidine-5'-diphosphate-L-rhamnose disodium, isolated from Occhromonas malhamensis [1], is a chemical compound.

5'-pApA is a linearized form of cyclic di-AMP, a bacterial second messenger that activates the host innate immune system through stimulator of interferon genes (STING).1,2,3,4It is a metabolite of cyclic di-AMP formedviahydrolysis by various phosphodiesterases (PDEs).55'-pApA is intended for use as a negative control for cyclic di-AMP signaling. 1.Burdette, D.L., Monroe, K.M., Sotelo-Troha, K., et al.STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic-di-GMPNature478(7370)515-518(2011) 2.Parvatiyar, K., Zhang, Z., Teles, R.M., et al.DDX41 recognizes bacterial secondary messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP to activate a type I interferon immune responseNat. Immunol.13(12)1155-1161(2012) 3.Woodward, J.J., Iavarone, A.T., and Portnoy, D.A.c-di-AMP secreted by intracellular Listeria monocytogenes activates a host type I interferon responseScience328(5986)1703-1705(2010) 4.Witte, C.E., Whiteley, A.T., Burke, T.P., et al.Cyclic di-AMP is critical for Listeria monocytogenes growth, cell wall homeostasis, and establishment of infectionmBio4(3)e00282-00213(2013) 5.Fahmi, T., Port, G.C., and Cho, K.H.c-di-AMP: An essential molecule in the signaling pathways that regulate the viability and virulence of gram-positive bacteriaGenes (Basel)8(8)197(2017)

Guanosine 5’-diphosphate (GDP) is a purine nucleotide and biosynthetic precursor of guanosine 5’-triphosphate .1It has been used to study the conformations of GTPases.2GDP (100 μM) activates sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) linked to the inward-rectifier potassium channel 6.1 (Kir6.1) in HEK293T cells in a patch-clamp assay.3 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Biochemistry(2002) 2.Vetter, I.R., and Wittinghofer, A.The guanine nucleotide-binding switch in three dimensionsScience294(5545)1299-1304(2001) 3.Yamada, M., Isomoto, S., Matsumoto, S., et al.Sulphonylurea receptor 2B and Kir6.1 form a sulphonylurea-sensitive but ATP-insensitive K+ channelJ. Physiol.499(Pt 3)715-720(1997)

5'-GTP trisodium salt hydrate, an activator of the signal-transducing G proteins, serves as a precursor of mononucleotide units in the enzymatic biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.

Sulisatin disodium salt is a laxative.

5'-pGpG is a linearized form of cyclic di-GMP, a bacterial second messenger that activates the host innate immune system through stimulator of interferon genes (STING).1,2,3It is a metabolite of cyclic di-GMP formedviahydrolysis by various phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that binds to the cyclic di-GMP-I riboswitch with reduced affinity compared to cyclic di-GMP.4,55'-pGpG is intended for use as a negative control for cyclic di-GMP signaling.

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine, known as a 5′ cap analog, serves as a fluorescent substrate analog.

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (dGMP) is used as a substrate of guanylate kinases to generate dGDP, which in turn is phosphorylated to dGTP, a nucleotide precursor used in DNA synthesis. In addition, dGMP can be efficiently phosphorylated by the type I thymidylate kinase of the malarial agent P. falciparum. In humans, deficiency of mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase, which synthesizes dGMP from ATP and deoxyguanosine, contributes to mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.

7-Deazaadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate, a modified nucleotide and metabolite of tubercidin, is generated through phosphorylation of tubercidin and further undergoes phosphorylation to become the active metabolite 7-deazaadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (Adenosine Phosphate Disodium) is a purine nucleotide involved in ATP metabolism and is used to study the effects of ATP on cells and organisms. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt has been shown to have a variety of biochemical and physiological effects. It has been shown to increase cell metabolism, gene expression, and protein synthesis.

GDP-β-L-fucose is a metabolite in plant and animal. It used for microbe agglutination assay and agglutination inhibition assay. GDP-β-L-fucose is formed by the oxidation-reduction and epimerization of GDP-R-D-mannose in most organisms.

L-Cystine, disodium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65273 and the CAS number is 64704-23-0.

2′,3′,5′-Tri-O-acetyl Guanosine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T67464 and the CAS number is 6979-94-8.

group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist

N2-iBu-5’-O-DMTr-2’-O-hexadecanyl guanosine 3’-CED phosphoramidite is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TNU1657 and the CAS number is 2382942-32-5.

N6-Methyladenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt is a glycogen phosphorylase b activator(Ka of 22 µM).

N2-iso-Butyroyl-5'-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl)-3'-O-Methyl guanosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 3'-Modified nucleoside; Protected nucleoside w/NH2/OH open.

5'-O-DMT-2'-O-iBu-N-Bz-Guanosine could be used for silyl protection of ribonucleosides.

Ins(1,2)P2 (sodium salt) is one of the many inositol phosphate (InsP) isomers that could act as small, soluble second messengers in the transmission of cellular signals. The most studied InsP Ins(1,4,5)P3, is a second messenger produced in cells by phospholipase C (PLC)-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate. Binding of Ins(1,4,5)P3 to its receptor on the endoplasmic reticulum results in opening of the calcium channels and an increase in intracellular calcium. Ins(1,2)P2 (tested as the D/L racemic mixture) is ~1,000-fold less potent than Ins(1,4,5)P3 at initiating Ca2+ release when injected into Xenopus oocytes.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt (FAD sodium salt) is a flavin dinucleotide that is synthesized when the AMP moiety from ATP is transferred onto riboflavin 5'-monophosphate. FAD functions as a coenzyme that facilitates the transfer of electrons by flavoenzymes in oxidation-reduction reactions in cells.

2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate disodium (2'-dUMP⋅2Na) salt is used by the enzyme thymidylate synthetase (TS) for the de novo production of dTMP. dUMP is used as the reference substrate in studies of dUMP analogues in potential chemotherapy applications.

2’-Deoxy-5-Fluorouridine 5’-phosphate triethyl ammonium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TNU1203 and the CAS number is 134-46-3.

Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate sodium salt is an inhibitor of hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases, which are adenine nucleotides containing a phosphate group at the 3' and 5' positions of the pentose ribose.Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate (sodium salt) is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor of sulfotransferases (SULTs). diphosphate disodium is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor for sulfotransferases (SULTs), which has been used to study the kinetic properties and structure of SULTs.

Uridine 5'-diphosphate acts as a P2Y6 receptor agonist, exhibiting an EC50 value of 0.013 μM for the human P2Y6 receptor [1].