headache

Sumatriptan succinate (GR 43175), a serotonin1 (5-HT1) receptor agonist, is used in the acute treatment of a migraine headache.

(E)-3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylsinapic acid) is a natural compound derived from the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum.

SNC 80 (NIH 10815) is a potent, highly selective and non-peptide δ-opioid receptor agonist, Ki = 1.78 nM, IC50 = 2.73 nM. SNC80 also selectively activates μ-δ heteromer in HEK293 cells with an EC50 of 52.8 nM. SNC80 shows antinociceptive, antihyperalgesic and antidepressant‐like effects. SNC80 has the potential for multiple headache disorders treatment.

Epimagnolin A is a lignan obtained from the flower buds of Magnolia fargesii, which is traditionally used in Asian medicine for treating headache and nasal congestion.

(-)-Fargesol is a nartural product from the flowers buds of Magnolia fargesii,the dried flower buds of M. fargesii, has been used as therapy for nasal empyema and headache.

Compound 24 (5-HT2 agonist-1 free base) is a potent agonist for 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors, exhibiting IC50 values of 10 nM, 8.3 nM, and 1.6 nM, respectively. It is utilized in research pertaining to depression, alcoholism, tobacco and cocaine addiction, inflammation, cluster headache, PTSD, seizure disorders, and other central nervous system disorders. [1]

Frovatriptan is a highly potent agonist of the 5-HT 1B//D receptors, exhibiting the highest potency among triptan compounds. It possesses prominent cerebroselectivity. Frovatriptan demonstrates efficacy and even superiority in certain endpoints, including when administered during the headache phase of migraine attacks accompanied by aura [1].

Biperiden Hydrochloride (KL 373 Hydrochloride) is an antiparkinsonian agent, which is the selective central M1 cholinoreceptors blocker and it is used for the adjunctive treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease (postencephalitic, idiopathic, and arte

Sumatriptan (GR 43175) hydrochloride can be used in the research of migraine headache that is an orally active agonist of 5-HT1 receptor. The Ki values of Sumatriptan hydrochloride against 5-HT1D, 5-HT1B and 5-HT1A receptors are 17 nM, 27 nM and 100 nM, respectively. [1] [2].

Hexylcaine HCl also called cyclaine or osmocaine, is a short-acting local anesthetic. It acts by inhibiting sodium channel conduction. Overdose can lead to headache, tinnitus, numbness and tingling around the mouth and tongue, convulsions, inability to breathe, and decreased heart function.

(Rac)-SNC80, a racemate of SNC80 (NIH 10815), is a potent, highly selective non-peptide δ-opioid receptor agonist, characterized by a K_i of 1.78 nM and an IC_50 of 2.73 nM. Demonstrating antinociceptive, antihyperalgesic, and antidepressant-like effects, SNC80 holds potential for the treatment of multiple headache disorders [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6].

Oxyresveratrol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Compound 3) is a natural product extracted from the root bark of *Morus atropurpurea*, with potential applications in research on diabetes, arthritis, rheumatism, cough, and headache [1].

Erythrityl Tetranitrate is a vasodilator with general properties similar to nitroglycerin. Like many nitrate esters, ETN acts as a vasodilator, and was the active ingredient in the original "sustained release" tablets, made in the early 50s. Ingesting ETN or prolonged skin contact can lead to absorption and what is known as a "nitro headache".

RI 61 (sumatriptan succinate) is utilized in the therapy of migraine, cluster headaches, new daily persistent headache, and cyclic vomiting syndrome.

Cisapride tartrate is chemically related to metoclopramide, but unlike metoclopramide, it does not cross the blood-brain barrier or have antidopaminergic effects. Cisapride is a serotonin-4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist. Cisapride was indicated for the symptomatic treatment of adult patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in America stopped the marketing of cisapride as of 14th July 2000. They had received at least 341 reports of heart rhythm abnormalities and these led to 80 deaths. Other reported adverse effects are: headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, constipation. Cisapride for animals has been found helpful in some cases of megaesophagus and is a common treatment for feline megacolon. Clarithromycin, erythromycin, and troleandomycin markedly inhibit the metabolism of cisapride. Concurrent administration of certain anticholinergic compounds, such as belladonna alkaloids and dicyclomine, would be e......