Perindoprilat (Perindoprilate) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

Monalizumab is a novel immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting natural killer cell population 2A (NKG2A). Monalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against NKG2A that induces IFN-γ production, thereby activating natural killer cell function. Monalizumab has antitumor activity and can be used to study neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Petosemtamab (MCLA 158) is a highly potent monoclonal antibody against EGFR (Kd: 0.22 nM) and LGR5 (Kd: 0.86 nM). Petosemtamab promotes EGFR signaling disruption and receptor breakdown in LGR5+ cancer cells. Petosemtamab can be used in the study of solid tumors such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC).

HN-1, a 12-mer peptide with specificity for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), penetrates tumor tissue and facilitates the translocation of agents across cell membranes [1].

TNO155 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11) inhibitor(IC50 : 0.011 µM),with potential antineoplastic activity.

Barecetamab (ISU-104), a fully human anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody, is utilized in researching recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) [1].

NR2F1 agonist 1, a specific nuclear receptor NR2F1 activator, initiates dormancy programs in cancer cells by upregulating NR2F1 and its target genes controlling dormancy. This compound promotes neural crest-like features and suppresses growth in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) through NR2F1 activation. Moreover, NR2F1 agonist 1 demonstrates tumor growth inhibition in a mouse primary tumor model.

Pyrazofurin is a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue, inhibits cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in cells by inhibiting UMP synthase. Pyrazofurin is a sensitive orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor (IC50s between 0.06-0.37 µM in the cell lines Hep-2,

JH-XIV-68-3 is a selective inhibitor of the DYRK1A/B macrocycle.JH-XIV-68-3 selectively acts on DYRK1A and its close relative DYRK1B in biochemical and cellular assays.JH-XIV-68-3 has antitumor effects in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines.

COTI-2, an orally available thiosemicarbazone, is an activator of mutant forms of the p53 protein with potential antineoplastic activity.

JH-XVII-10 is a selective, orally active and potent inhibitor of DYRK1A (IC50: 3 nM) and DYRK1B (IC50: 5 nM).JH-XVII-10 exhibits antitumor effects in squamous cell carcinoma of the neck (HNSCC) cell lines.

GPI-15427 is a potent PARP-1 inhibitor capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, which can significantly increased the antitumor activity of the methylating agent TMZ against malignant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, or lymphoma growing at the CNS site. GPI-15427 acts as a potent inhibitor of the enzyme, being capable of inhibiting the activity of purified PARP-1 at nanomolar concentrations. GPI-15427 induced significant sensitization to radiotherapy, representing a promising new treatment in the management of HNSCC.

(Rac)-AMXT-1501 4HCl is a polyamine transport inhibitor that inhibits polyamine transport and acts synergistically with cisplatin in HNSCC. (Rac)-AMXT-1501 4HCl has potential antimicrobial activity and inhibits neuroblastoma cell proliferation and pneumococcal pod biosynthesis by targeting ornithine decarboxylase and polyamine transport.

Caroverine is a potential chemotherapeutical agent in HNSCC cell lines.