human beta-defensin-2

1-(2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)uracil is a fluoro-modified nucleoside, specifically an Arabino-nucleoside.

2-Aminopurine-9-beta-D-(2’-deoxy)riboside, a derivative of 2-Aminopurine, is a modified nucleoside composed of a purine base linked to a (2’-deoxy)ribose sugar moiety.

2’-beta-C-Methyl inosine (2’-C-Methylinosine) is an HCV RNA polymerase inhibitor with antiviral activity and is being studied for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection.

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) , is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinoguanosine is a purine nucleoside analog with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity, targeting malignant tumors of the inert lymphatic system and inducing apoptosis. The anticancer mechanism of 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinoguanosine is dependent on the inhibition of DNA synthesis.

[Leu15]-Gastrin I human acetate(39024-57-2 Free base) is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T8761L.

Endothelin-2 (49-69), human (Human endothelin-2), is a 21-amino-acid vasoactive peptide that binds to G-protein-coupled receptors ET-RA and ET-RB.

Human β-defensin-2 (HβD-2) is a cationic skin-antimicrobial peptide (SAP) characterized by its small size and rich cysteine content. Produced by various epithelial cells, it exhibits potent antimicrobial properties against gram-negative bacteria and Candida but is not effective against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Given these characteristics, Human β-defensin-2 serves as a valuable tool in colitis research.

β-Defensin-2 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius.2β-Defensin-2 (30 μg/ml) stimulates gene expression and production of IL-6, IL-10, CXCL10, CCL2, MIP-3α, and RANTES by keratinocytes.3It also stimulates calcium mobilization, migration, and proliferation of keratinocytes when used at concentrations of 30, 10, and 40 μg/ml, respectively. β-Defensin-2 induces IL-31 production by human peripheral blood-derived mast cellsin vitrowhen used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml and by rat mast cellsin vivofollowing a 500 ng intradermal dose.4Expression of β-defensin-2 is increased in psoriatic skin and chronic wounds.5,6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 3.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Nakano, N., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins stimulate epidermal keratinocyte migration, proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokinesJ. Invest. Dermatol.127(3)594-604(2007) 4.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Hara, M., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins and cathelicidin LL-37 induce the secretion of a pruritogenic cytokine IL-31 by human mast cellsJ. Immunol.184(7)3526-3534(2010) 5.Huh, W.-K., Oono, T., Shirafuji, Y., et al.Dynamic alteration of human β-defensin 2 localization from cytoplasm to intercellular space in psoriatic skinJ. Mol. Med. (Berl.)80(10)678-684(2002) 6.Butmarc, J., Yufit, T., Carson, P., et al.Human β-defensin-2 expression is increased in chronic woundsWound Repair Regen.12(4)439-443(2004)

β-Defensin-1 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth ofB. adolescentis,L. acidophilus,B. breve,B. vulgatus,L. fermentum,B. longum, andS. thermophilusin an antimicrobial radial diffusion assay.2β-Defensin-1 also inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius, and of susceptibleM. tuberculosisH37Rv but not of resistantM. tuberculosisRM22 when used at a concentration of 128 μg/ml.3,4It blocks human and mouse Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels (IC50s = 11.8 and 13.2 μM, respectively).5Overexpression of β-defensin-1 in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines HSC-3, UM-1, and SCC-9 increases migration and invasion but not proliferation.6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Schroeder, B.O., Ehmann, D., Precht, J.C., et al.Paneth cell α-defensin 6 (HD-6) is an antimicrobial peptideMucosal Immunol.8(3)661-671(2015) 3.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 4.Fattorini, L., Gennaro, R., Zanetti, M., et al.In vitro activity of protegrin-1 and beta-defensin-1, alone and in combination with isoniazid, against Mycobacterium tuberculosisPeptides25(7)1075-1077(2004) 5.Feng, J., Xie, Z., Yang, W., et al.Human beta-defensin 1, a new animal toxin-like blocker of potassium channelToxicon113(2016) 6.Han, Q., Wang, R., Sun, C., et al.Human beta-defensin-1 suppresses tumor migration and invasion and is an independent predictor for survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma patientsPLoS One9(3)e91867(2014)

Isosaponarin 2''-O-glucoside (Isovitexin-2''-4'-di-O-beta-D-glucoside) is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN6403 and the CAS number is 63316-27-8.

1-(3',5'-dimethoxy)phenyl-2-[4''-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl (6→1)-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl]phenylethane showed cytotoxic activities to Hela and hep2 cell lines.

PAR-2 (1-6) (human) (SLIGKV), a peptide ligand and PAR-2 agonist, [1].

Defensin HNP-2 is a naturally occurring antibiotic and monocyte chemotactic peptide synthesized by human neutrophils.

Defensin HNP-3 is a peptide secreted by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) that has antimicrobial properties. It induces lysis of mammalian cells when used at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. It also inhibits growth of E. faecalis (ED50 = 100 nM) and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa (MIC90 = 4 μM). HNP-3 binds to recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) and human CD4 (Kds = 52.8 and 34.9 nM, respectively). It also binds to recombinant, immobilized human surfactant protein D (SP-D; Kd = 55.7 nM) and inhibits focus formation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza A virus (IAV).

Nucleoside Derivatives - 6-Modified purine nucleosides; Halo-nucleosides; Fluoro-modified nucleosides

Human α-defensin 5 is an antiviral peptide that inhibits the infection of non-enveloped viruses such as AdV, HPV, and polyomaviruses, with an IC50 range of 0.6-1.25 μM specifically for HPV16. It functions by binding to the viral capsid and preventing viral escape from the endosome. Additionally, Human α-defensin 5 enhances HIV attachment to the cell surface and exhibits parasiticidal activity [1].

2'-beta-C-Ethynyl inosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 2'-Modified nucleoside.

Nucleoside Derivatives - 5-Modified pyrimidine nucleoside; 2’-Modified nucleoside

Nucleoside Derivatives - C-Nucleosides, Pyridine nucleosides

2-Amino-6-chloro-9-(3-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purine is a nucleoside derivative, specifically a 3'-deoxy nucleoside and halo-nucleoside, serving as a scaffold and template.

6-Chloro-2-bromo-9-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine is a Nucleoside Derivative - Halo-nucleoside; Scaffold and Template.

2-Amino -7-propargyl-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-9-(beta-D-2,3,5-tri-O-actyl-xylofuranosyl)purine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TNU1331 and the CAS number is 2389988-52-5.

Fluoro-modified nucleoside; 2/6/8-Modified purine nucleoside; Arabino-nucleoside

N1-Methyl-2'-beta-C-methyl guanosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 2'-Modified nucleoside, N-Methylated/ alkylated nucleoside.

2'-beta-C-Methyl-4-thiouridine is a Nucleoside Derivative - Thio-nucleoside, 2'-Modified nucleoside.

2-Amino-6-chloropurine -9-beta-D-(2'-deoxy-3',5'-di-O-benzoyl-2'-fluoro)arabinoriboside is a fluoro-modified nucleoside, halo-nucleoside, and arabino-nucleoside.

4-Chloro-7-(3,5-di-O-benzoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2.3-d]pyrimidine is a Nucleoside - 7-deazapurine nucleoside, fluoronucleoside, halo nucleoside; Arabino-nucleoside.

Nucleoside Derivatives - Thio-nucleosides; 3’-Modified nucleosides

Nucleoside Derivatives - Fluoro-modified nucleosides; 6-Modified purine nucleosides, 3’-Modified nucleosides

2,6-Dichloropurine -9-beta-D-(2'-deoxy-3',5'-di-O-benzoyl-2'-fluoro)arabinoriboside is a Fluoro-modified nucleoside; Halo-nucleoside; Arabino-nucleoside.

N6-Methyl-2'-beta-C-ethynyl adenosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 2'-Modified nucleoside, 6-Modified purine nucleoside.

2’-C-Methyl nucleoside; 2/6/8-modified nucleoside

2-Amino-6-methythio-9-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 6-Modified purine nucleoside; Thio-nucleoside.

Human enteropeptidase-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of enteropeptidase (enteropeptidase) and can be used in anti-obesity studies.

Nucleoside Derivatives –Fluoro-modified nucleosides, 5-Modified pyrimidine nucleosides, Arabino-nucleosides, 2’-Modified nucleosides

9-(2'-O-Acetyl-5'-O-benzoyl-3'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine is a Nucleoside Derivative used as a 3'-Deoxy nucleoside, Halo-nucleoside, scaffold, and template.

2'-beta-C-Ethynyluridine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 2'-Modified nucleoside.

Fluoro-modified nucleoside, halo-nucleoside; arabino-nucleoside

2-Amino-6-chloro-9-(3-deoxy-2-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-beta-D-ribofuanosyl)-9H-purine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 3'-Deoxy nucleoside, Halo-nucleoside; Scaffold and Template.

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human (Synonyms: Beta-MSH (1-22) (human)) β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

2'-C-beta-Methylguanosine (2'-C-Methylguanosine) is a metabolite of the hepatitis C virus nucleotide polymerase inhibitor, BMS-986094, which has antiviral activity and inhibits dengue virus 2.

Spexin-2 (53-70), human, mouse, rat (NPQ 53-70), is a biologically active, non-amidated peptide derived from the prohormone proNPQ, conserved across mammalian species. It centrally modulates cardiovascular and renal function, with observed effects in rats including decreased heart rate and increased urine flow rate.

Defensin HNP-1 Human TFA, a human neutrophil peptide (HNP), plays a role in the early development of atherosclerosis by contributing to endothelial cell dysfunction. Additionally, it has demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-leishmanial effects [1] [2].

2 -O-beta-L-galactopyranosylorientin (2''-O-β-L-Galorientin) is a natual product isaolated from Trollius chinensis Bunge.

Halo-nucleoside; fluoro-modified nucleoside; arabino-nucleoside

2-Aminopurine -9-beta-D-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro)arabino-riboside is a Fluoro-modified nucleoside; 6-De-aminopurine nucleoside; arabino-nucleoside.

2-Aminopurine -9-beta-D-(3',5'-di-O-benzoyl-2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro)arabinoriboside is a Fluoro-modified nucleoside; 6-De-aminopurine nucleoside; arabino-nucleoside.