insulin α-chain 1-13

Apelin-13 triTFA is the endogenous ligand of the APJ receptor, activating this G protein-coupled receptor with an EC50 value of 0.37 nM.

Porcine dynorphin A(1-13) acetate (Dynorphin A Porcine Fragment 1-13 acetate) is a potent, endogenous κ opioid receptor agonist and is antinociceptive at physiological concentrations. Exposure to dynorphin A (1-13) causes acute increases in [Ca2+]i in individual neurons similar to increases seen with acute NMDA treatment.

[(pF)Phe4]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 acetate is a selective agonist of NOP receptor with a pKi of 10.68 and a pEC50 of 9.31. [(pF)Phe4]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 acetate displays high selectivity over δ, κ, and μ opioid receptors (>3000 fold).

Dynorphin B (1-13) acetate acts as an agonist on opioid κ-receptor.

GnRH Associated Peptide (GAP) (1-13), human Acetate was found to be a potent inhibitor of prolactin secretion and to stimulate the release of gonadotropins. Active immunization with peptides corresponding to GAP sequences led to greatly increased prolacti

Nociceptin (1-13), amide is a potent agonist Opioid receptor-like1 (ORL1) receptor with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes.

Selective and competitive nociceptin receptor antagonist, devoid of any agonist activity. Binds selectively to recombinant nociceptin receptors (pKi = 8.4), and competitively antagonizes the actions of nociceptin in vitro and in vivo.

Dynorphin B (1-13), a 13 amino acid, is an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide.

Dynorphin A (1-13) amide, an endogenous opioid peptide, counteracts the analgesic effects of morphine [1].

Apelin-13 is an endogenous ligand of APJ receptor, and the EC 50 value of activated G protein coupled receptor is 0.37 nM.

Nociceptin (1-13), amide is a potent ORL1 (OP4) receptor agonist with a pEC50 of 7.9 for mouse vas deferens and a Ki of 0.75 nM for binding to rat forebrain membranes.

This peptide is a fragment of the alpha-chain of insulin amino acids 1 to 13. The insulin a-chain epitope recognized by human T cells is posttranslationally modified.

ACTH (1-13) is a 13-aa peptide, with cytoprotective effects in the model of ethanol induced gastric lesions in rats.Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), also known as corticotropin, is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. ACTH is an impor

[DAla2] Dynorphin A (1-13), amide (porcine) is a peptide that potentially acts as a κ opioid receptor agonist. It is used in the research of the nervous system [1].

Potent agonist of the nociceptin (ORL1) receptor, demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Selective, competitive antagonism at the nociceptin receptor has also been reported (pA2 = 7.02 and 6.75 in the guinea pig ileum and mouse vas deferens respectively)

Highly potent and selective nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (OP4) agonist peptide (pKi = 10.68; pEC50 = 9.80). Displays > 8000-fold selectivity over δ, κ, and μ opioid receptors and has relatively long lasting pronociceptive, hypotensive, negative inotrop

Dynorphin B (1-13) acts as an agonist on opioid κ-receptor.

Galanin (1-13)-Neuropeptide Y (25-36) amide exhibits high-affinity binding to galanin receptors, similar to that of galanin itself [1].

Porcine dynorphin A (1-13) is a potent, endogenous κ opioid receptor agonist and is antinociceptive at physiological concentrations. Exposure to dynorphin A (1-13) causes acute increases in [Ca2+]i in individual neurons similar to increases seen with acut

[Nphe1]Nociceptin(1-13)NH2 is a novel endogenous ligand for the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NC) receptor, acting as a selective and competitive antagonist without any agonist effects. It binds specifically to recombinant nociceptin receptors with high affinity (pKi=8.4) and effectively blocks nociceptin's ability to inhibit cyclic AMP accumulation in CHO cells (pA2=6.0), showcasing potential as an analgesic agent.

Dynorphin B (1-13) TFA acts as an agonist on opioid κ-receptor .

[DAla2, DArg6] Dynorphin A, (1-13) (porcine) (DADAD), a dynorphin1-13 (DYN) derivative extracted from porcine pituitary, exhibits high potency at peripheral opioid receptors GPI and MVD. Despite rapid in vivo degradation of DYN, this compound shows increased resistance to enzymatic cleavage, enhancing its stability against peptide-degrading enzymes [1].

Nociceptin (1-13), amide TFA, a potent ORL1 receptor (opioid receptor-like 1 receptor, OP4) agonist, exhibits a pEC 50 of 7.9 in mouse vas deferens and a K i of 0.75 nM for rat forebrain membrane binding [1] [2].

Insulin β Chain Peptide (15-23), also referred to as INS, is an insulin-derived peptide that is specifically recognized by islet-associated T cells. The tetramer of Insulin β Chain Peptide (15-23) effectively stained the INS-reactive CTL clone G9C8; however, neither this tetramer nor the negative control tetramer (TUM) exhibited staining on the splenic CD8+ T cells obtained from NOD or 8.3-TCRαβ transgenic NOD mice.