L-Threonine (threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans，an important amino acid for the nervous system,L-Threonine also plays an important role in porphyrin and fat metabolism and prevents fat buildup in the liver. Useful with intestinal disorders and indigestion, threonine has also been used to alleviate anxiety and mild depression.

L-Allothreonine (L-allo-Threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans. L-Allothreonine is abundant in human plasma, particularly in newborns. Severe deficiency of threonine causes neurological dysfunction and lameness in experimental animals. L-Allothreonine is an immunostimulant which promotes the growth of thymus gland. L-Allothreonine also can probably promote cell immune defense function. L-Allothreonine is highly concentrated in meat products, cottage cheese, and wheat germ.

Ac-Ala-OH (N-Acetyl-L-alanine) is a substrate for Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) gamma-2 subunit, Myelin basic protein, GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran, Tropomyosin alpha 4 chain, HIV-1 Rev binding protein 2, Xaa-Pro dipeptidase, Thymosin beta-10, Actin-like protein 3, Alanine aminotransferase, Serine/threonine protein Phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit,10 kDa heat shock protein (mitochondrial), Calmodulin and Beta-1-syntrophin.