leptin (22 56), human

Leptin(22-56),human is a peptide fragment of Leptin, which ACTS through a variety of subtypes of Ob-Rs.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate is an agonist of natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B), an endothelial-derived relaxant and growth inhibitory factor. C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human acetate inhibits cAMP synthesis stimulated by histamine and 5-HT or directly by Forskolin.

Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human acetate is an antagonist of calcitonin generelated peptide receptor in the hindlimb vascular bed of the cat and an adrenomedullin receptor.

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) , is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human, is the 1-22 fragment of the parent C-Type Natriuretic Peptide.

Leptin (93-105), human, is a peptide fragment consisting of amino acids 93 to 105 from the human leptin protein. Leptin, a peptide hormone of 167 amino acids, is primarily synthesized by adipocytes and coordinates metabolic adaptations to fasting within the central nervous system.

Prepro-ANF (56-92), human, a precursor to the human atrial natriuretic factor, activates guanylate cyclase by specifically enhancing particulate guanylate cyclase activity within the renal membrane and unit [1].

Adrenomedullin (22-52) is a C-terminal fragment of adrenomedullin (1-52) . In vitro, adrenomedullin (22-52) reduces basal corticosterone production in a mixture of rat adrenocortical and adrenomedulllary cells. It also reverses increases in ACTH-stimulated corticosterone production induced by adrenomedullin (1-52). Adrenomedulin (22-52) (0.5 and 5 μg/kg/min) has no effect on basal regional cerebral blood flow but reverses increases in regional cerebral blood flow induced by rat adrenomedullin in rats. Unlike adrenomedullin (1-52), adrenomedullin (22-52) has no effect on mesenteric arterial perfusion pressure in cats.

Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1) (56-87), a peptide originating from the human Klotho protein, disrupts TGF-β signaling by binding to TGF-β receptor types 1 and 2 (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2; Kds = 1.41 and 14.6 µM, respectively). Preincubation with KP1 at a concentration of 10 µg/ml hinders the TGF-β-induced escalation of fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels in NRK-49F rat fibroblasts. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that KP1, administered at 1 mg/kg per day, preferentially accumulates in damaged kidneys, leading to significant reductions in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels, indicators of improved kidney function. Additionally, it decreases kidney fibrosis in mouse models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced renal fibrosis.

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (22-51), a pro-atherogenic peptide comprised of 30 amino acids from the residues 22-51 of its precursor protein proGIP, is present in human plasma. It activates the degradation of IκB-α and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in both macrophage-differentiated THP-1 cells and human aortic endothelial cells at a concentration of 1 µM. Additionally, in ApoE-/- mice, GIP (22-51) escalates the area of atherosclerotic lesions and plaque development in vivo.

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human (Synonyms: Beta-MSH (1-22) (human)) β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

BNP (22-46), Pro (Human), a peptide, is utilized in cardiac dysfunction research [1].

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a 52-aa hypotensive peptide. Adrenomedullin (ADM) has structural similarity with amylin.

Adrenomedullin (AM) (22-52), human [22-52-Adrenomedullin human], TFA, is a C-terminal truncated analogue of adrenomedullin and acts as an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist.

C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) (1-22), human (TFA), is a 22 amino acid fragment of CNP that functions as an agonist for the natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B). It can inhibit cAMP synthesis induced by histamine, 5-HT, or Forskolin, while exhibiting strong endothelial-derived relaxation properties and acting as a growth inhibitor.