lysγ3msh(human)

γ-1-MSH, amide acetate (72629-65-3 free base), a putative hormone in the N-terminal region of the ACTH/beta- endorphin (beta-EP) precursor protein, was studied by RIA with an antiserum against gamma 3-MSH in ACTH-producing mouse pituitary tumor cells, AtT-20/D16v.

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) , is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), human (Peptide YY (3-36)) is a gut hormone peptide. Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), human acts as a Y2 receptor agonist to reduce appetite.

ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, mouse, ovine, porcine, rabbit, rat), the fragment spanning amino acids 3-24 of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), serves as a research tool in studying a range of illnesses, such as cancer, immune diseases, and cardiovascular disease [1].

GIP (3-42), human acetate is an antagonist of a glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and regulates insulin secretion and GIP metabolism in vivo.

Stimulating -Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human TFA, is a 22 peptide and is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor.MC4 - R) agonists.

MAGE-3 Antigen (167-176) (human) is an eight-amino-acid polypeptide that serves as an epitope for HLA-B44 molecules, encoded by the melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) [1].

[Ala2] Endothelin-3, human is a linear analog of endothelin-3 (ET-3), characterized by the substitution of Ala for Cys residues. ET-3, a vasoactive peptide produced by human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines but not expressed in non-muscle-origin human sarcoma cell lines, serves as a paracrine factor by promoting endothelial cell migration [1] [2].

Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat , is a cyclic 21 amino acid peptide. It is an endogenous neuropeptide and potent vasoconstrictor.

Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) is a metabolite of neuropeptide Y (NPY) generated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4). Known as a selective Y2 receptor agonist, Neuropeptide Y (3-36) (human, rat) effectively reduces the release of norepinephrine via the Y2 receptor[1][2].

GIP (3-42), human (Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (3-42) (human)) is a peptide that acts as a glucose-dependent proinsulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor antagonist and regulates insulin secretion and the metabolic effects of GIP in vivo, which can be used to study type 2 diabetes.

Agonist of the NPFF1 receptor (IC50 = 0.7 nM for inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP production). Homolog of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH); inhibits activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons.

Human β-defensin-3 (HβD-3) is an antibiotic antimicrobial peptide synthesized by epithelial cells. It exhibits potent antimicrobial properties and mitigates inflammatory cytokine responses. HβD-3 efficiently targets various microorganisms, displaying IC90 values ranging from 6 to 25 μg/ml.

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptide that stimulates lipolysis

Atrial natriuretic peptide (3-28) (human) (ANP (3-28) (human)), a peptide hormone produced by the atrial myocardium, plays a critical role in the regulation of blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte homeostasis [1] [2].

Human GALP (3-32) (Galanin-like peptide (3-32)) serves as a high-affinity agonist for galanin receptors GalR1 (IC50 = 33 nM) and GalR2 (IC50 = 15 nM), as evidenced by competitive binding studies. It demonstrates significant potency in modifying the extracellular acidification rate in SH-SY5Y cells expressing GalR2 (EC50 = 360 nM) [1].

Gastric inhibitory peptide 1 (GIP-1) (3-42), a fragment of the incretin hormone GIP and antagonist to the GIP receptor, is generated through the action of serum dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DDP-4). When administered at 25 nmol/kg to an ob/ob mouse diabetes model, GIP-1 (3-42) elevates plasma glucose levels and lowers plasma insulin levels, demonstrating its effect on reducing insulin secretion from BRIN-BD11 pancreatic cells at a concentration of 100 nM.

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human TFA, is a 22-residue peptide that functions as an endogenous agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) [1].

Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA, a melanocortin peptide originating from the C-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), enhances the steroidogenic response of rat adrenal glands to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). It is a potent stimulator of lipolysis, demonstrating an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM, by activating hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A, leading to lipolysis [1] [2].

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) (3-36) is a C-terminal fragment of NPY, a neuropeptide involved in controlling appetite, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and intestinal secretion. NPY (3-36) is an endogenous peptide produced by cleavage of NPY by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4). It binds selectively to the NPY receptor Y2 (Ki = 0.41 nM in CHP 234 cells) over the Y1 receptor, where it does not bind at concentrations up to 1 μM. NPY (3-36) (0.1 nM) increases migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by 80% after 12 hours in an in vitro wound closure assay. NPY (3-36) corresponds to residues 3-36 of the human and rat protein sequence.

MART-1 (26-35) (human) TFA is an amino acid residue of 26-35 protein.

Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), human trifluoroacetate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T64716.

TFRGAP-amide, human PAR-3-derived tethered ligand sequence which does not activate PAR-3 but rather activates PAR-1 and PAR-2, either in Jurkat or in other PAR-expressing cells.

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) (7-36)-Lys (Biotin), amide, human, is a human GLP-1 (7-36) amide that has been biotinylated at the C-terminal.

Acetyl-ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a segment derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide, functioning as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1]. This compound encompasses adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), a precursor to α-MSH, illustrating its role within the spectrum of POMC peptides.

Protease-Activated Receptor-3 (PAR-3) (1-6), human TFA is a peptide that acts as an agonist for the proteinase-activated receptor (PAR-3)[1].

β-Defensin-3 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts. It inhibits the growth of the periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria F. nucleatum, S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. salivarius, and L. casei (MICs = 12.5-100 mg/l). It also inhibits the growth of S. aureus, S. pyogenes, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and C. albicans. β-Defensin-3 stimulates gene expression and production of IL-6, IL-10, CXCL10, CCL2, MIP-3α, and RANTES by keratinocytes when used at a concentration of 30 μg/ml. It also stimulates calcium mobilization, migration, and proliferation of keratinocytes when used at concentrations of 30, 5, and 20 μg/ml, respectively. β-Defensin-3 induces IL-31 production by human peripheral blood-derived mast cells in vitro when used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml and by rat mast cells in vivo following a 500 ng intradermal dose.

Peptide YY (PYY) (3-36), human (TFA) is a gut hormone peptide that acts as a Y2 receptor agonist to reduce appetite[1].

Fmoc-Lys(Me)3-OH Chloride is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65200 and the CAS number is 201004-29-7.

Human glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36)-Lys(Biotin) amide, a biotin-labeled variant of glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36), is a gastrointestinal peptide recognized for its antidiabetogenic properties, including the ability to enhance insulin secretion [1] [2].

Defensin HNP-3 is a peptide secreted by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) that has antimicrobial properties. It induces lysis of mammalian cells when used at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. It also inhibits growth of E. faecalis (ED50 = 100 nM) and clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa (MIC90 = 4 μM). HNP-3 binds to recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) and human CD4 (Kds = 52.8 and 34.9 nM, respectively). It also binds to recombinant, immobilized human surfactant protein D (SP-D; Kd = 55.7 nM) and inhibits focus formation in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells infected with influenza A virus (IAV).

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human (Synonyms: Beta-MSH (1-22) (human)) β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

Angiotensin II (3-8), human is a less effective agonist at the angiotensin AT1 receptor.

β-Casomorphin, human TFA (Human β-casomorphin 7 TFA) an opioid peptide that ACTS as an opioid receptor agonist.

TNF-α (10-36), human (TFA) is a peptide of human TNF-α.

Defensin HNP-3 human, a cytotoxic antibiotic peptide referred to as defensin, exhibits inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. This compound is first synthesized as a 94 amino acid chain known as preproHNP(1-94), then cleaved to proHNP(20-94), and finally matures into HNP(65-94) following the excision of anionic precursors [1] [2].

RFRP-3 (Neuropeptide VF(124-131))(human) TFA, a human homolog of the GnIH peptide, significantly suppresses gonadotropin release through inhibition of Ca 2+ mobilization. Acting as an NPFF1 receptor agonist, RFRP-3 (human) also blocks forskolin-stimulated cAMP production, achieving an inhibition concentration (IC 50) of 0.7 nM [1].

Endothelin-3, human, mouse, rabbit, rat TFA is a 21-amino acid vasoactive peptide that specifically interacts with G-protein-linked transmembrane receptors, ET-RA and ET-RB.