methylene blue leuco base

Methylene Blue trihydrate (Basic blue 9) is a compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene Blue trihydrate is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of methemoglobin. It also inhibits tau filament formation (IC50: 1.9μM).

Methylene Blue (Tetramethylthionine chloride) (IC50 of 1.9 μM) inhibits tau filament formation. And it inhibits soluble guanylyl cyclase. It is also used as a dye in chromoendoscopy.

Leucomethylene blue mesylate (TRx0237 mesylate) is a second-generation tau protein aggregation inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia.

Acetyl methylene blue can be utilized in the synthesis of mitochondrial biogenesis stimulators, which are applicable in treating ocular diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in neuronal cells.