Brexpiprazole HCl (OPC 34712 dihydrochloride) is a new antipsychotic drug.

PZ-1922 (Compound 16), able to cross the blood-brain barrier, is a dual antagonist for 5-HT6R and 5-HT3R with K i values of 17 nM and 0.45 nM, respectively. It also reversibly inhibits MAO-B with a pIC50 of 8.93. Moreover, PZ-1922 mitigates scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory deficits in rats as observed in the novel object recognition (NOR) test and hinders Aβ-induced memory impairment in the T-maze test [1].

Brexpiprazole (OPC-34712) is a partial agonist of human 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors.

Trofinetide, derived from the neuroprotective tripeptide Gly-Pro-Glu (an N-terminal sequence of insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1), shows promise in various neuroprotective models. At a concentration of 10 nM, it mitigates cell death in primary rat embryonic striatal neurons caused by okadaic acid. Additionally, Trofinetide reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and E-selectin) in a rat model simulating neuroinflammation from penetrating ballistic-like brain injuries. In cases of brain injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), administration of Trofinetide at 30 and 60 mg/kg reduces the area of cortical and striatal infarct. Furthermore, a daily dose of 100 mg/kg reverses social recognition and contextual fear conditioning deficits, diminishes the number of dendritic spines, and decreases testicular weight gain in an fmr1-/- knockout mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Trofinetide formulations have been employed in treating Rett syndrome, highlighting its versatility across various neurological conditions.

Trofinetide (NNZ-2566) is a synthetic analog of the endogenous N-terminus tripeptide. It has been shown to be neuroprotective in animal models of brain injury.