tauro-α-muricholic acid

Tauro-α-muricholic acid (TαMCA) is an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR; IC50 = 28 μM) and a taurine-conjugated form of the murine-specific primary bile acid α-muricholic acid . TαMCA is common in rodents but has also been found in small amounts in human serum.

Tauro-β-muricholic acid (TβMCA), a trihydroxylated bile acid, acts as a competitive and reversible FXR antagonist (IC 50 = 40 μM) and exhibits antiapoptotic effects by inhibiting bile acid-induced hepatocellular apoptosis and preserving mitochondrial membrane potential [1] [2].

Tauro-ω-muricholic acid sodium (TωMCA sodium) is an analogue of tauro-α-muricholic acid, a bile acid of hepatic origin. Tauro-ω-muricholic acid sodium can be used as a serum marker for early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) and biliary stasis.

ω-Muricholic acid (ω-MCA) is a murine-specific secondary bile acid.

Tauro-β-muricholic Acid sodium is a endogenous metabolite, is a competitive and reversible antagonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR)(IC50 of 40 μM).

α-Muricholic acid is the most abundant primary bile acid in rodents.

Tauro-obeticholic acid, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist and semisynthetic derivative of chenodeoxycholic acid, is an active metabolite of obeticholic acid. This compound undergoes taurine conjugation in the liver to form from obeticholic acid and can be reconverted to its original form by intestinal microflora.

β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA) is a murine-specific primary bile acid.[1],[2] Dietary administration of β-MCA reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity in liver microsomes from mice fed a high cholesterol and cholic acid diet.[3] Dietary administration of β-MCA also dissolves 100% of gallstones in a gallstone-susceptible mouse model of diet-induced cholesterol gallstones.[4]

Tauro-Obeticholic acid is an active Obeticholic acid metabolite. Obeticholic acid is an orally bioavailable agonist of farnesoid-X receptor (FXR).