tiludronic acid disodium hemihydrate

Tiludronate (Tiludronic Acid) disodium hemihydrate is an orally active bisphosphonate compound used primarily in metabolic bone disorder research. It functions as an osteoregulator and acts as a potent inhibitor of the osteoclast vacuolar H+ -ATPase, possessing antiresorptive and anti-inflammatory properties [4].

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt (GMP-5) is a purine ribonucleoside monophosphate. L-Glutamic acid and guanosine monophosphate are biosynthesized from xanthylic acid and L-glutamine via GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]. Guanosine triphosphate and guanosine monophosphate are biosynthesized from diguanosine tetraphosphate via bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase [asymmetrical]. In humans, guanosine monophosphate is involved in the kanamycin, telithromycin, tobramycin, and erythromycin action pathways, and several metabolic disorders including AICA-ribosiduria, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria (D and L form) pathways. Guanosine monophosphate is also found in foods like onion-family vegetables, millet, Chinese water chestnut, and red rice, serving as a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Clodronic acid disodium salt (Lodronate), a bisphosphonate, is a potent antiosteolytic agent which inhibits bone resorption.

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium [Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate] is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases with a Ki of 0.628 mM.

Tartaric acid disodium dihydrate (Disodium L-(＋)-Tartrate Dihydrate) is commonly used as a buffer in molecular biology and cell culture.Tartaric acid disodium dihydrate is an acid phosphatase inhibitor that increases the probability of colchicine binding to tubulin1.

Pamoic acid disodium is a GPR35 agonist.

Maleic acid disodium salt is a pharmaceutical intermediate used in the synthesis of other active compounds.

L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium ((S)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium) is an epigenetic modifier and putative oncometabolite in renal cancer. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid inhibits mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) activity(Km and Ki of 2.52 mM and 11.13 mM, respectively).

DL-alpha-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt is an alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) antagonist that inhibits a variety of α-KG-dependent dioxygenases.

Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (disodium) exhibits inhibitory effects on in vitro HIV-1 replication, with potential applications in research on HIV infection and gallbladder disease [1] [2].

Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium (Sulfolithocholic acid disodium) acts as a RORgammat ligand and inhibits Th17 cell differentiation.Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium is a sulfated product of lithocholic acid (LCA) and induces a decrease in arterial blood pressure. Lithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium is a sulfated product of lithocholic acid (LCA) that induces cellular damage.

Oleanolic acid hemiphthalate disodium salt is an anti-inflammatory agent.

D-(-)-3-Phosphoglyceric acid disodium (3-Phospho-D-glyceric acid disodium) is an intermediate in glycolysis gluconeogenesis and the biosynthesis of serine, glycine, and threonine, competitively inhibiting yeast enolase. It also functions as an intermediate in biosynthetic pathways in plants, eukaryotes, and prokaryotes.

L-Glutamic acid, N-(3-pyridinylcarbonyl)-, disodium salt is a bioactive chemical.

L-2-Phosphoglyceric acid disodium salt is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate.

Argininosuccinic acid disodium, involved in the urea cycle's fourth step, is cleaved by argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) into arginine and fumarate. It diminishes reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and elevates reactive oxygen species in the cerebral cortex and striatum, leading to lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and oxidative stress in the developing rat brain [1] [2].

10-Formyltetrahydrofolic acid disodium, a derivative of tetrahydrofolic acid, serves as a formyl group donor in anabolic processes. It functions as a substrate for formyltransferase reactions, playing a crucial role in purine biosynthesis [1].

Zoledronic Acid (Zoledronate) disodium tetrahydrate is a potent third-generation bisphosphonate (BP) with strong anti-resorptive activity, effectively inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and apoptosis, and demonstrating anti-cancer properties [1].

Folic acid disodium, an orally active disodium salt form of Folic acid, showcases an intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of 4.96·10^5 g/s [1]. It acts as a cofactor in single-carbon transfer reactions and has protective roles against neural tube defects, ischemic events, and cancer. However, an overload of Folic acid disodium can impair brain development during embryogenesis and encourage the growth of precancerous cells, whereas its deficiency results in megaloblastic anemia [2].

Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate disodium, a bile acid, closely corresponds with the extent of hepatic dysfunction [1].

L-Diguluronic acid disodium, a linear polysaccharide copolymer consisting of two L-guluronic acid units, serves as a precursor for Alginate production. Classified as an unbranched polyanionic polysaccharide, this compound is explored as a delivery carrier for antifungal agents [1].

DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt-d4 is a deuterated compound of DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt. DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt has a CAS number of 40951-21-1. DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt is an α -hydroxyacid formed from the hydrolysis of (R) -5-oxy-2-tetrahydrofuran carboxylic acid, which is overproduced in human neurometabolic disease D-α -hydroxyglutaric uria.