Urolithin M5 (Decarboxyellagic acid) is a neuraminidase inhibitor isolated from olive leaves with antiviral and anticancer and antitumor activities. Urolithin M5 can be used to study influenza A virus infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Bardoxolone (CDDO) is a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid that blocks the cellular synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase and inducible COX-2 in INF-γ-activated mouse macrophages with an IC50 value of 0.4 nM. By suppressing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS RNS) formation, it promotes the cellular control of ROS RNS levels that would lead to DNA damage associated with tumorigenesis. In various Y cell lines, Bardoxolone has been shown to specifically inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis. Mechanism studies revealed that Bardoxolone is a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and also that it induces genes regulated by Nrf2, including heme oxygenase-1 and eotaxin-1, which play a role in antioxidant response element signaling activity.
Homovanillic acid sulfate is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.In psychiatry and neuroscience, brain and cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid are measured as a marker of metabolic
Lyoniside and saracoside are cytotoxic to promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, they demonstrate strong anti-leishmanial efficacies in BALB/c mice model of leishmaniasis, suggests that these two compounds potential anti-leishmanial candidates. The