α amylase

α-Amylase-IN-1 is an α-Amylase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5509 μM). α-Amylase-IN-1 has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 53.49 μM for scavenging of DPPH free radicals, and can be used in the study of diabetes and oxidative stress-related diseases.

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-6 (compound 5j) serves as a potent dual inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, exhibiting IC50 values of 17.0 µM and 40.1 µM, respectively. It demonstrates anti-hyperglycemic activities [1].

α-Amylase-IN-4 (Compd 10y) exhibits the highest level of amylase inhibition, demonstrating an IC50 value of 17.83 ± 0.14 μg/mL [1].

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-4 (compound 5), a dual inhibitor targeting α-amylase (Amylases) and α-glucosidase (Glucosidase), exhibits potent inhibition with IC50 values of 1.10 μM and 0.15 μM respectively. This compound is noted for its potential antidiabetic activity [1].

Bacterial α-Amylase, often employed in biochemical research [1], facilitates the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic bonds within starch, resulting in low molecular weight products such as glucose, maltose, and maltotriose.

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-1 (compound 33) is an effective inhibitor of α-amylase/α-glucosidase with IC 50 s of 2.01, 2.09 μM for α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Kinetic studies predict that α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-1 has the potential of anti hyperglycemia [1].

α-Amylase, a hydrolase enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing glucose and maltose.

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-5 (compound 4l) functions as a dual inhibitor, effectively inhibiting both α-glucosidase (Glucosidase) and α-amylase (Amylases) with IC50 values of 5.96 μM and 1.62 μM, respectively, exhibiting potential for antidiabetic activity [1].

α-Glucosidase-IN-3, an oxime ester derivative of oleanolic acid (OA), exhibits inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.28 µM) and α-amylase (IC50 = 3.8 µM).

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-3 (Compound 17) serves as a dual inhibitor targeting both α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.70 μM and 1.10 μM, respectively. It is applicable for type-II diabetes mellitus research [1].

α-Amylase/α-Glucosidase-IN-2 (compound 5) exhibits strong inhibition activity towards both α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, with IC 50 values of 13.02 μM and 13.09 μM, respectively. This compound shows promise for investigating diabetic complications [1].

α-Amylase-IN-3 (Compound 4) is a non-competitive inhibitor of α-Amylase with an IC50 value of 18.04 μM. α-Amylase-IN-3 has radical scavenging activities with IC50 values of 16.04 μM for DPPH and 16.99 μM for ABTS, respectively. α-Amylase-IN-3 shows good protein–ligand interaction characteristics for α-Amylase. α-Amylase-IN-3 may have pharmacological activities for example anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory inhibitory, and contribute to the research of diabetes and oxidative stress-associated disease[1].

β-Amylase exhibits significant starch-degrading activity and is utilized in a range of biochemical studies [1].

Amylase (Diastase) is any one of a group of enzymes which catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose.

Pinocembrin 7-O-[3''-O-galloyl-4'',6''-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucoside can moderately inhibit α-amylase activity, with the IC50 value of 0.03 umol/ml.

Ficusonolide exhibits significant antidiabetic activity through its interactions with dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP-1B), α-glucosidase, and α-amylase.

1. Ethyl trans-caffeate (Caffeic Acid Ethyl Ester) has anti-inflammatory activity. 2. Ethyl trans-caffeate may as a promising natural compound for future application in chronic liver disease. 3. Ethyl trans-caffeate is a potent chemopreventive compound against skin carcinogenesis caused by solar UV exposure. 4. Ethyl trans-caffeate is the high-resolution structures of representative inhibitors in complex with human pancreatic α-amylase. 5. Ethyl trans-caffeate strongly inhibits neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells without toxicity. PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities were suppressed by direct binding with HOEC in vitro.

Irilone has immunomodulatory, and α-amylase inhibitory activities, it exhibits the selective inhibition toward CYP3 A4 rather than other major human CYPs. Irilone exhibited prominent antioxidant activities with the IC50 value of 10.46μM. Irilone potentiat

G3-CNP is a colorimetric substrate for α-amylases.1Upon hydrolysis by α-amylases, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol is released which can be quantified by colorimetric detection at 405 nm as a measure of enzyme activity. G3-CNP has been used to characterize the activity of human pancreatic or salivary amylase.

Kaempferol-3,7-di-O-β-glucoside (Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside) is a flavonol from Morettia philaena, It can inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase and Acetylcholinesterase. Kaempferol-3, 7-di-o-β-Glucoside has neuroprotective activity and can slow down differentiated neuronal cells SH-SY5Y from Amyloid β peptide-induced damage. Kaempferol-3, 7-di-o-β-Glucoside can be used to study neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Compound 56 (Antidiabetic agent 2) is a glucose-uptake promoter that inhibits DPP-4, PTP-1B, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 0.036, 0.042, 0.241, and 0.185 μM, respectively. This agent effectively decreases blood glucose levels [1].

Erythrocentaurin has antibacterial activity; it also exhibits a concentration-dependent α-amylase inhibition (IC(50) 1.67 ± 0.28 mg/mL).

α-Glucosidase-IN-3 is an oleanolic acid oxime ester derivative targeting α-glucosidase and α-amylase with an IC50 value of 0.35 μM for α-glucosidase.

8,3′,4′-Trihydroxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Compound 3), a natural product isolated from Bidens bipinnata, exhibits a 22% inhibition against α-amylase at a concentration of 0.556 mg/mL [1].

Quercetin 3-(6″-caffeoylsophoroside) is an orally active compound exhibiting α-amylase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 73.66 μg/mL, and demonstrates antidiabetic effects through the reduction of oxidative stress. It is found in the hydro-methanolic extract of Cardamine hirsuta Linn and is utilized in diabetes mellitus research [1].

Trilobatin (P-Phlorizin) has anti-oxidant effect, can increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.Trilobatin has anti-inflammatory effect, it potentially inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.Trilobatin shows a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and a moderate inhibitory activity against α-amylase for management of postprandial hyperglycemia with less side effect.

Ethylidene-4-nitrophenyl-α-D-Maltoheptaoside (pNP-G7), a substrate of α-amylase, is employed to assess α-amylase activity [1].

Ellipyrone A, a γ-pyrone-based macrocyclic polyketide, demonstrates inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (IC 50 = 0.35 mM). Additionally, this compound exhibits anti-glycolytic effects on α-glucosidase (IC 50 = 0.74 mM) and α-amylase (IC 50 = 0.59 mM) [1].

Isookanin shows strong diphenyl(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 7.9 ± 0.53 μM. Isookanin is a potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC50=0.447 mg ml).

Chinese gallotannin, a non-specific promiscuous inhibitor of α-amylase, exhibits a K(i) value of 0.82 μg/mL against human salivary α-amylase and shows potential for diabetes research [1].

Carbohydrates conjugated with 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl (CNP) serve as chromogenic substrates in assays for enzymes that release CNP from the conjugated carbohydrate. For example, CNP-β-D-maltoheptaoside and CNP-α-maltotrioside are chromogenic substrates for α-amylase. 2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside is a conjugate of CNP and α-D-glucose. The related conjugate between CNP and β-D-glucose, 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside, is used as a chromogenic substrate for glycosyltransferases. This product is a chromogenic substrate for enzymes that target the linkage between CNP and α-D-glucose.

7,4'-Di-O-methylapigenin (4',7-DIMETHOXY-5-HYDROXYFLAVONE) can inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and enhance 2-NBDG uptake in L6 cells, it has hypolipidemic effect on mouse pre-adipocyte (3T3L1) cell lines.

HPA-IN-1 (Compound 1) serves as a potent and selective inhibitor of human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA), demonstrating specificity with IC50 values of 12.0 μM for HPA and 410.4 μM for α-glucosidase [1].

trans-Chalcone (Chalkone) is an aromatic ketone that forms the central core for a variety of important biological compounds, which are known collectively as chalcones.

1. Isoeugenol acetate (Acetylisoeugenol) shows good antifungal activities against R. solani and F. oxysporum. 2. Isoeugenol acetate is a mild sensitizer in vivo.

Fucoidan is found in various species of brown seaweed and algae,with anticancer, antiviral, neuroprotective, immune-modulating.

Hemipyocyanine (528-71-2) is the virulence factor of Gram-negative, aerobic rod bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hemipyocyanine is an α-Amylase inhibitor.