Gamma-glutamylcysteine (TFA) ((γ-glutamylcysteine (TFA)), a crucial dipeptide in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and a vital cofactor for the enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GPx), significantly modulates inflammatory responses. It enhances the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, diminishes the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and mitigates alterations in metalloproteinase activity in oligomeric Aβ40-treated astrocytes.

L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine is a cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (Ki <100 μM) that induces oxidative stress in cells by depleting GSH.

L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine hydrochloride is a potent, cell-permeable, fast-acting and irreversible inhibitor of G-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) and depletes cellular glutathione levels. L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine has IC50s of 1.9 μM, 8.6 μM, and 29 μM in melanoma, breast and ovarian tumor specimens, respectively [1] [2].

DL-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (Butionine sulfoximine) is an inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase for the treatment of solid tumors.

γ-Glu-Cys is an intermediate in glutathione (GSH) synthesis.1It is formed by ATP-dependent condensation of cysteine and glutamate by γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase. γ-Glu-Cys is also an essential component of phytochelatins, the heavy metal detoxifying enzymes in plants.2