a-amylase

α-Amylase, a hydrolase enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of internal α-1,4-glycosidic linkages in starch, producing glucose and maltose.

Amylase (Diastase) is any one of a group of enzymes which catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose.

Isookanin shows strong diphenyl(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 7.9 ± 0.53 μM. Isookanin is a potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC50=0.447 mg ml).

1. Ethyl trans-caffeate (Caffeic Acid Ethyl Ester) has anti-inflammatory activity. 2. Ethyl trans-caffeate may as a promising natural compound for future application in chronic liver disease. 3. Ethyl trans-caffeate is a potent chemopreventive compound against skin carcinogenesis caused by solar UV exposure. 4. Ethyl trans-caffeate is the high-resolution structures of representative inhibitors in complex with human pancreatic α-amylase. 5. Ethyl trans-caffeate strongly inhibits neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells without toxicity. PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities were suppressed by direct binding with HOEC in vitro.

Trilobatin (P-Phlorizin) has anti-oxidant effect, can increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.Trilobatin has anti-inflammatory effect, it potentially inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway.Trilobatin shows a strong inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and a moderate inhibitory activity against α-amylase for management of postprandial hyperglycemia with less side effect.

Ellipyrone A, a γ-pyrone-based macrocyclic polyketide, demonstrates inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (IC 50 = 0.35 mM). Additionally, this compound exhibits anti-glycolytic effects on α-glucosidase (IC 50 = 0.74 mM) and α-amylase (IC 50 = 0.59 mM) [1].

Erythrocentaurin has antibacterial activity; it also exhibits a concentration-dependent α-amylase inhibition (IC(50) 1.67 ± 0.28 mg/mL).

8,3′,4′-Trihydroxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Compound 3), a natural product isolated from Bidens bipinnata, exhibits 22% inhibition against α-amylase at a concentration of 0.556 mg mL [1].

Kaempferol-3,7-di-O-β-glucoside (Kaempferol 3,7-diglucoside) is a flavonol from Morettia philaena that inhibits α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase. It exhibits neuroprotective activity, slowing amyloid β peptide-induced damage in differentiated neuronal cells SH-SY5Y, and can be used in the study of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

Maltooctaose, a defined maltooligosaccharide with a specific length, can be enzymatically synthesized using Pyrococcus furiosus thermostable amylase (PFTA).