AMG 837 is a partial GPR40 agonist with an EC50 value of 13 nM, showcasing 85% of the maximal activity displayed by DHA in standard assay conditions, indicating its high potency and selectivity in vitro. This compound excels as a GPR40 agonist with a notable pharmacokinetic profile, effectively stimulating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner in rodents and demonstrating potent insulin secretion stimulation in MIN6 cells, with efficacy comparable to that observed in aequorin Ca2+-flux assays. Moreover, AMG 837 exhibits a two-fold increase in potency compared to its racemic counterpart on GPR40, with demonstrated activity across rat and mouse GPR40 versions (EC50 = 23 and 13 nM, respectively). It lacks significant activity against PPARα, δ, and γ in cell-based assays, and an analysis against an external panel of 64 receptors revealed negligible activity, except for a weak inhibition (IC50 = 3 μM) on the a2-adrenergic receptor.

AMG 837 sodium salt is a potent GPR40 agonist(EC50=13 nM) with a superior pharmacokinetic profile and robust glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion in rodents. IC50 value: 13 nM (EC50) [1] Target: GPR40 agonist AMG 837 displayed the expected t

AMG 837 calcium hydrate is a potent GPR40 agonist with an EC50 of 13 nM. AMG 837 calcium hydrate also shows highly selective over GPR41, GPR43, and GPR120 (EC50 > 10,000 nM).

AMG 837 hemicalcium is a potent, orally active GPR40/FFA1 partial agonist. AMG 837 hemicalcium inhibits the specific binding of [3H]AMG 837 to the human FFA1 receptor (pIC50: 8.13). insulin secretion and reduced glucose levels in rodents.

AM-3189 is a potent and selective GPR40 Agonist with minimal CNS penetration, superior pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo efficacy comparable to AMG 837. AM-3189 maintains the in vivo efficacy of AMG 837 while displaying a superior pharmacokinetic profile and minimal CNS exposure. Similar to AMG 837, while highly potent on GPR40, AM-3189 was highly selective over the closely related GPCRs, GPR41 and GPR43. 13kdemonstrated low clearance, moderate volume of distribution, and good oral bioavailability. AM-3189 does not penetrate the rat CNS as indicated by a rat brain to plasma ratio of 0.04 at 3 h after an oral dose of 5 mg/kg.