beta-defensin-1

Has bactericidal activity. May act as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR6. Positively regulates the sperm motility and bactericidal activity in a CCR6-dependent manner. Binds to CCR6 and triggers Ca2+ mobilization in the sperm which is important for its motility.

β-Defensin 4A is a membrane-active cationic peptide that functions in inflammation and innate immune responses. There are at least 30 β-Defensins, which are distinguished from α-Defensins by the connectivity pattern of their three intermolecular disulfide bonds. Members of the Defensin family are highly similar in protein sequence. This gene encodes Defensin, DEFB4;, which has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and may play an important role in innate epithelial defense. They are highly expressed in skin and tonsils, and to a lesser extent in trachea, uterus, kidney, thymus, adenoid, pharynx and tongue. β-Defensin 4A has low expression in salivary gland, bone marrow, colon, stomach, polyp and larynx. No expression in small intestine. The 45 amino acid mature human BD3 shares 38% and 33% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat BD3, respectively.

The DEFB1 gene, encoding for the constitutively expressed human beta-defensin 1 (hBD1) antimicrobial peptide is a potential candidate when studying genetic susceptibility to caries. DEFB1 genetic variations have been reported as contributing to hBD1 production impairment, leading to a greater susceptibility to be infected by oral pathogens, also leading to periodontitis. To counteract host immunity, Cryptosporidium parvum has evolved multiple strategies to suppress host antimicrobial defense. One such strategy is to reduce the production of the antimicrobial peptide beta-defensin 1 (DEFB1) by host epithelial cells. Beta-Defensin-1, an antimicrobial peptide encoded by the DEFB1 gene, is known to play an important role in lung mucosal immunity.

β-Defensin 1 (DEFB1) is a member of the β-defensin family, which is highly expressed by epithelial cells. β-defensins are expressed as the C-terminal portion of precursors and are released by proteolytic cleavage of a signal peptide. β-defensins contain a six-cysteine motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds. β-defensin 1 is an antimicrobial peptide implicated in the resistance of epithelial surfaces to microbial colonization. Defects in β-Defensin-1 contribute to asthma diagnosis, with apparent gender-specific effects in human. β-defensin 1 may also play a role in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis. In addition, β-defensin 1 is associated with induction profiles in gingival keratinocytes.

Has bactericidal activity. May act as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR6. Positively regulates the sperm motility and bactericidal activity in a CCR6-dependent manner. Binds to CCR6 and triggers Ca2+ mobilization in the sperm which is important for its motility. DEFB1 Protein, Pig, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 31.1 kDa and the accession number is O62697.

Transforming Growth Factor β-1 (TGFβ-1) is a secreted protein which belongs to the TGF-β family. TGFβ-1 is abundantly expressed in bone, articular cartilage and chondrocytes and is increased in osteoarthritis (OA). TGFβ-1 performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. The precursor is cleaved into a latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a mature TGFβ-1 peptide. TGFβ-1 may also form heterodimers with other TGFβ family members. It has been found that TGFβ-1 is frequently upregulated in tumor cells. Mutations in this gene results in Camurati-Engelmann disease.

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is induced by inflammatory signals in a broad number of immune cell types. IL-1β (and IL-18) are the only cytokines which are processed by caspase-1 after inflammasome-mediated activation. IL-1 signaling activates innate immune cells including antigen presenting cells, and drives polarization of CD4 T cells towards T helper type (Th) 1 and Th17 cells. IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20.1 kDa and the accession number is P01584.

Found in royal jelly and in hemolymph, potent antibacterial protein against Gram-positive bacteria at low concentration. Defensin-1 Protein, Apis mellifera carnica, Recombinant (His & KSI) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-KSI tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20.9 kDa and the accession number is Q5J8R1.

Broad spectrum beta-lactamase which confers resistance to penicillins, as well as first, second and third-generation cephalosporins.

IL-1 beta Protein, Sheep, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 21.7 kDa and the accession number is P21621.

Latent TGF beta 1 Protein, Canine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.4 kDa.

Latent TGF beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.4 kDa and the accession number is A0A499FJK2.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 32.1 kDa and the accession number is Q63264-1.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Feline, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.5 kDa and the accession number is P41687.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Rabbit, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.5 kDa and the accession number is P14628.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) is the prototype of a growing superfamily of peptide growth factors and plays a prominent role in a variety of cellular processes, including cell-cycle progression, cell differentiation, reproductive function, development, motility, adhesion, neuronal growth, bone morphogenesis, wound healing, and immune surveillance. TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 signal via the same heteromeric receptor complex, consisting of a ligand binding TGF-β receptor type II (TβR-II), and a TGF-β receptor type I (TβR-I). Signal transduction from the receptor to the nucleus is mediated via SMADs. TGF-β expression is found in cartilage, bone, teeth, muscle, heart, blood vessels, haematopoitic cells, lung, kidney, gut, liver, eye, ear, skin, and the nervous system.

TGF beta 1 Protein, Human/Rhesus/Cynomolgus/Canine, Recombinant is expressed in CHO mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 12.8 kDa and the accession number is A0A499FJK2.

SIRP beta 1 isoform 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.9 kDa and the accession number is Q5TFQ8-1.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) family members are secreted in inactive complexes with a latency-associated peptide (LAP), a protein derived from the N-terminal region of the TGFβ gene product. Extracellular activation of these complexes is a critical step in regulation of TGFβ function in vivo. The TGFβ1 LAP is a ligand for the integrin αvβ6 and that αvβ6-expressing cells induce spatially restricted activition of TGFβ1. And LAP identifies a novel CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cell subset with TGFbeta-mediated function and enhanced suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Signal-regulatory protein beta-1 (SIRPB1, CD172b) is a member of the signal-regulatory-protein (SIRP) family, and also belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. SIRP family members are receptor-type transmembrane glycoproteins known to be involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled signaling processes. This protein was found to interact with TYROBP/DAP12, a protein bearing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs. This protein was also reported to participate in the recruitment of tyrosine kinase SYK.

Pro-neuregulin-1,Neuregulin-1 beta 1（NRG1） is a single-pass type I membrane protein and belongs to the neuregulin family .It contains 1 EGF-like domain and 1 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. Direct ligand for ERBB3 and ERBB4 tyrosine kinase receptors. The protein concomitantly recruits ERBB1 and ERBB2 coreceptors, resulting in ligand-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of the ERBB receptors. The multiple isoforms perform diverse functions such as inducing growth and differentiation of epithelial, glial, neuronal, and skeletal muscle cells; inducing expression of acetylcholine receptor in synaptic vesicles during the formation of the neuromuscular junction; stimulating lobuloalveolar budding and milk production in the mammary gland and inducing differentiation of mammary tumor cells; stimulating Schwann cell proliferation; implication in the development of the myocardium such as trabeculation of the developing heart. Isoform 10 may play a role in motor and sensory neuron development.

Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. It binds two moles of GTP, one at an exchangeable site on the beta chain and one at a non-exchangeable site on the alpha chain. Tubulin beta-1 chain Protein, Chicken, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 53.3 kDa and the accession number is P09203.

Latent TGF beta 1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.7 kDa and the accession number is P04202.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 32.3 kDa and the accession number is P01584.

NRG1 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with Fc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 55.2 kDa and the accession number is Q02297-6.

Latent TGF-beta 1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-8xHis-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13 and 35-45 KDa and the accession number is P04202.

SIRP beta 1 isoform 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.9 kDa and the accession number is Q5TFQ8-1.

TGF-beta 1 Protein, Chicken, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 29.0 kDa and the accession number is P09531.

IL-1 beta Protein, Sheep, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19.7 kDa and the accession number is P21621.

Latent TGF beta 1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.7 kDa and the accession number is P04202.

NRG1 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (EGF Domain, hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with Fc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.7 kDa and the accession number is Q02297-6.

Integrin alpha 8 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Flag & His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with Flag and His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 196 kDa and the accession number is P53708&P05556-1.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.5 kDa and the accession number is P10749.

Latent TGF-beta 1 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 11 and 35-45 KDa and the accession number is F7HCV5.

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is induced by inflammatory signals in a broad number of immune cell types. IL-1β (and IL-18) are the only cytokines which are processed by caspase-1 after inflammasome-mediated activation. IL-1 signaling activates innate immune cells including antigen presenting cells, and drives polarization of CD4 T cells towards T helper type (Th) 1 and Th17 cells. IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20.1 kDa and the accession number is P01584.

Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) belongs to the IL-1 family. Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a family of polypeptide cytokines consisting of two agonists, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2) encoded by two distinct genes and perform identical biological functions. IL-1 stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity. IL-1 proteins are involved in the inflammatory response. It is identified as endogenous pyrogens, and is reported to stimulate the release of prostaglandin and collagenase from synovial cells.

SIRP beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40 kDa and the accession number is O00241-1.

Beta-amylase activity. Can use p-nitrophenyl maltopentaoside (PNPG5) as substrate only in reduced form. Can play a minor role in the starch degradation and maltose metabolism in chloroplasts during the night. More active on phosphorylated glucan. Interacts directly with starch or other alpha-1,4-glucan. Beta-amylase 1, chloroplastic Protein, Arabidopsis thaliana, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.7 kDa and the accession number is Q9LIR6.

Found in royal jelly and in hemolymph, potent antibacterial protein against Gram-positive bacteria at low concentration. Defensin-1 Protein, Apis mellifera, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 11.6 kDa and the accession number is P17722.

Broad spectrum beta-lactamase which confers resistance to penicillins, as well as first, second and third-generation cephalosporins.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Sus scrofa (Pig), Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.7 kDa and the accession number is P26889.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (mature form) is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.4 kDa and the accession number is Q63264-1.

Integrin alpha 6 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Flag & His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with Flag and His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 198 kDa and the accession number is P23229-3&P05556-1.

Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (Flag & His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with Flag and His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 192 kDa and the accession number is P08648&P05556-1.

IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Rhesus, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 17.5 kDa and the accession number is P48090.

NRG1 beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 26.8 kDa and the accession number is Q02297-6.

Latent TGF beta 1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.7 kDa and the accession number is P17246.

SIRP beta 1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40 kDa and the accession number is O00241-1.

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is induced by inflammatory signals in a broad number of immune cell types. IL-1β (and IL-18) are the only cytokines which are processed by caspase-1 after inflammasome-mediated activation. IL-1 signaling activates innate immune cells including antigen presenting cells, and drives polarization of CD4 T cells towards T helper type (Th) 1 and Th17 cells. IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 18.33 kDa and the accession number is A0A2K5VDC7.

TGF-beta 1 Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.8 kDa and the accession number is P18341.