fgf 4

Fibroblast growth factor 4(FGF-4) is a heparin binding member of the FGF family. The human FGF4 cDNA encodes 206 amino acids (aa) with a 33 aa signal sequence and a 173 aa mature protein with an FGF homology domain that contains a heparin binding region near the C-terminus. Mature human FGF4 shares 91%, 82%, 94% and 91% aa identity with mouse, rat, canine and bovine FGF4, respectively. Human FGF-4 has been shown to exhibit cross species activity. Expression of FGF-4 and its receptors, FGF R1c, 2c, 3c and 4, is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. FGF-4 is proposed to play a physiologically relevant role in human embryonic stem cell selfrenewal. It promotes stem cell proliferation, but may also aid differentiation depending on context and concentration, and is often included in embryonic stem cell media in vitro. FGF-4 is mitogenic for fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro and has autocrine transforming potential. It is a potent angiogenesis promoter in vivo and has been investigated as therapy for coronary artery disease.

FGF (fibroblast growth factor) signalling is known to be required for many aspects of mesoderm formation and patterning during Xenopus development and has been implicated in regulating genes required for the specification of both blood and skeletal muscle lineages. Fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) signaling induces differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) via the phosphorylation of downstream molecules such as mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-related kinase (MEK) and extracellular signal-related kinase 1 2 (ERK1 2). Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 (FGF-4) could not only increase the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), but also induce BMSCs into hepatocyte-like cells in vitro. FGF4 transduced BMSCs contributed to liver regeneration might by the transplanted microenvironment. The FGF4-bFGF BMSCs thus can enhance the survival of the transplanted cells, diminish myocardial fibrosis, promote myocardial angiogenesis, and improve cardiac functions.

CNPY4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.5 kDa and the accession number is Q8BQ47.

FGF-14 Protein, Human, Recombinant (isoform 1B) is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 21.1kDa and the accession number is Q92915-2.

CNPY4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.4 kDa and the accession number is Q8N129.

FGFR4 beta Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.90 kDa and the accession number is P22455-1.

FGFR4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.4 kDa and the accession number is P22455-1.

FGFR4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.4 kDa and the accession number is P22455-1.

FGFR4 beta Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.90 kDa and the accession number is P22455-1.

FGFR4 Protein, Rhesus macaque, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.66 kDa and the accession number is XP_028705775.1.

FGF-2 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 16.5 kDa and the accession number is P09038-4.

FGFR3 alpha (IIIb) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.4 kDa and the accession number is P22607-2.

FGFR3 beta (IIIb) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.5 kDa and the accession number is P22607-2.

FGFR3 beta (IIIc) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.1 kDa and the accession number is P22607-1.

FGFR3 alpha (IIIc) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.1 kDa and the accession number is P22607.

FGFR3 alpha (IIIb) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.4 kDa and the accession number is P22607-2.

Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) is a secreted protein which belongs to the FGFs family. FGF19 is expressed in fetal brain, cartilage, retina, and adult gall bladder. FGFs modulate cellular activity via at least 5 distinct subfamilies of high-affinity FGF receptors (FGFRs): FGFR-1, -2, -3, and -4, all with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. FGFRs can be important for regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis. FGF19 has important roles as a hormone produced in the ileum in response to bile acid absorption. It has been shown to cause resistance to diet-induced obesity and insulin desensitization and to improve insulin, glucose, and lipid profiles in diabetic rodents. FGF19 can be considered as a regulator of energy expenditure.

FGFR3 alpha (IIIc) Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.1 kDa and the accession number is P22607.

FGF-basic is a members of the Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) family. The family constitutes a large family of proteins involved in many aspects of development including cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. They act on several cell types to regulate diverse physiologic functions including angiogenesis, cell growth, pattern formation, embryonic development, metabolic regulation, cell migration, neurotrophic effects, and tissue repair. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated heparin binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4.

FGFR3 alpha (IIIb) Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.09 kDa and the accession number is E9QNJ9.

Four distinct genes encoding closely related FGF receptors, FGF R1-4, are known. All four genes for FGF Rs encode proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid‑box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and the split tyrosine-kinase domain.FGFR3 is tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.

Four distinct genes encoding closely related FGF receptors, FGF R1 - 4, are known. All four genes for FGF Rs encode proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid-box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and the split tyrosine-kinase domain. Multiple forms of FGF R1 - 3 are generated by alternative splicing of the mRNAs.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) is a growth factor that belongs to the FGF family. FGF family proteins play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of mamy tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF21 is a potent activator of glucose uptake on adipocytes, protects animal from diet-induced obesity when overexpression in transgenic mice, and lower blood glucose and triglyceride levels when therapeutically adiministered to diabetic redents. FGF21 is produced by hepatocytes in reponse to free fatty acid stimulation of a PPARa RXR dimeric complex. This situation occurs clinically during starvation, or following the ingestionof a highly-fat low-carbohydrate diet. Upon FGF21 secretion, white adipose tissue is induced to release free fatty acids from triglyceride stores. Once free fatty acid reach hepatocytes, they are oxidized and reduced to acetyl-CoA. The acetyl-CoA is recombined into 4-carbon ketone bodies, release, and transported to peripheral tissue for TCA processing and energy generation.

CNPY2 is a novel MIR-interacting protein that enhances neurite outgrowth and increases myosin regulatory light chain. CNPY2 enhances migration of C6 glioma cells through phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain. It is expressed in different tissues, including brain. Overexpression of CNPY2 enhanced the motility of glioma cells measured in matrigel invasion chambers and using a scratch assay. Downregulation of CNPY2 by RNA interference significantly decreased glioma cell migration and phosphorylation of MRLC. Inhibition of the corresponding MRLC kinase by ML-7 did not affect migration of CNPY2-overexpressing cells.

Four distinct genes encoding closely related FGF receptors, FGF R1-4, are known. All four genes for FGF Rs encode proteins with an N-terminal signal peptide, three immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains, an acid‑box region containing a run of acidic residues between the IgI and IgII domains, a transmembrane domain and the split tyrosine-kinase domain.FGFR3 is tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Plays an essential role in the regulation of chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, and is required for normal skeleton development. Regulates both osteogenesis and postnatal bone mineralization by osteoblasts..