gh2protein,human,recombinant(his)

GH2 Plays an important role in growth control. Its major role in stimulating body growth is to stimulate the liver and other tissues to secrete IGF-1. It stimulates both the differentiation and proliferation of myoblasts. It also stimulates amino acid uptake and protein synthesis in muscle and other tissues._x000D_ GH2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 21.01 kDa and the accession number is P01242.

PLTP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54.5 kDa and the accession number is P55058-1.

R-Spondin 1 RSPO1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in CHO mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 28.5 kDa and the accession number is B1ASC1.

M-CSF CSF1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 26 kDa and the accession number is P07141-1.

IL-4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 13.4 kDa and the accession number is P07750.

Involved in countering the first line of host defense mechanisms. Specifically inhibits the response of human neutrophils and monocytes to complement anaphylatoxin C5a and formylated peptides, like N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). Acts by binding directly to the C5a receptor (C5aR) and formylated peptide receptor (FPR), thereby blocking the C5a- and fMLP-induced calcium responses. Prevents phagocytosis of the bacterium. Chemotaxis inhibitory Protein, S. aureus (strain MRSA252), Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.1 kDa and the accession number is Q6GFB3.

IL-8 CXCL8 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 28-99) is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 8.5 kDa and the accession number is A0A024RDA5.

Human Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 3 (CCL3) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. CCL3 is primarily expressed in T cells, B cells, and monocytes after antigen or mitogen stimulation. CCL3 exhibits chemoattractive and adhesive effects on lymphocytes. CCL3 exerts multiple effects on hematopoietic precursor cells and inhibits the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro as well as in vivo. CCR1 and CCR5 have been identified as functional receptors for CCL3.

Growth-regulated alpha protein (CXCL1,KC), is a member of the alpha chemokine subfamily, was initially identified as an immediate early gene induced in mouse fibroblasts by platelet-derived growth factor. The N-terminal processed form KC(5-72) of the protein is produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from bone marrow stromal cells, and shows a highly enhanced hematopoietic activity. Mouse KC shows approximately 63% identity to that of mouse MIP-2. KC is also approximately 60% identical to the human GROs. It has been suggested that mouse KC and MIP-2 are the orthologs of the human GROs and rat CINCs. Cxcl1 has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, and contributes to neutrophil activation during inflammation. Hematoregulatory chemokine, in vitro, suppresses hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation.

The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and small inducible cytokine A2 (SCYA2)), is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family responsible for monocyte attraction. Its cognate receptor, CCR2, play a critical role in regulating nociceptive processes during neuropathic pain. Both CCL2 and CCR2 are implicated in induction of autoimmunity. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. Recently research also showed that CCL2 might be useful as a biomarker of fibrosis as well as a target for therapeutic intervention.

Galectin-1 is a member of growing family of evolutionary conserved animal lectins. Galectin-1 is widely expressed in many cells and tissues. Galectins consists of a Galectin domain and two Beta-galactoside binding domains. Galectin-1 can binds LGALS3BP and interacts with CD2, CD3, CD4, CD7, CD43 and CD45. Galectin-1 may act as an autocrine negative growth factor which regulates apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. In addition, Galectin-1 plays improtant roles in immunosuppressive and antiinflammatory properties.

Lactotransferrin is a member of the transferrin family that transfer iron to the cells and control the level of free iron in the blood and external secretions. Lactotransferrin is a secreted protein and contains two transferrin-like domains. Lactotransferrin can be cleaved into the following four chains: Kaliocin-1, Lactoferroxin-A, Lactoferroxin-B, and Lactoferroxin-C. Lactoferroxin A, Lactoferroxin B, and Lactoferroxin C have opioid antagonist activity. Lactoferroxin A shows preference for mu-receptors, while Lactoferroxin B and Lactoferroxin C have somewhat higher degrees of preference for kappa-receptors than for mu-receptors. LTF has antimicrobial activity (bacteriocide, fungicide) and is part of the innate defense, mainly at mucoses.

Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP) belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. PAP can catalyze the hydrolysis of member of phosphate monoestyers, including phosphorylated protein. PAP can high expression in metastasized prostate cancer, moderately expression level in bone diseases, blood cell disease, and the concentration of PAP is used to monitor and assess the proession of prostate cancer. The optimum PH of PAP is from 4 to 6; its activity can be inhibited by L(+)-tartrate.

CST Complex Subunit STN1 (OBFC1) is a 368 amino acid protein that contains one OB DNA-binding domain. It is a member of the STN1 family. OBFC1 is component of the CST complex, a complex that binds to single-stranded DNA and is required to protect telomeres from DNA degradation. The CST complex binds single-stranded DNA with high affinity in a sequence-independent manner, while isolated subunits bind DNA with low affinity by themselves. In addition to telomere protection, the CST complex has probably a more general role in DNA metabolism at non-telomeric sites.

Wnt Inhibitory Factor 1 (WIF1) is a secreted protein, which binds WNT proteins and inhibits their activities. WNT proteins are extracellular signaling molecules involved in the control of embryonic development. WIF1 contains a WNT inhibitory factor (WIF) domain and 5 epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains. is found to be present in fish, amphibia and mammals. WIF1 is a recurrent target in human salivary gland oncogenesis.WIF1 may be involved in mesoderm segmentation. WIF1 is a tumor suppressor, specifically in nonfunctioning pituitary tumors.

Serum amyloid A-2 protein (SAA2) belongs to the SAA family. It expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma. SAA2 functions as major acute phase reactant and could works as apolipoprotein of the HDL complex. Increased levels of A-SAA in serum are indicative of inflammatory disease. When highly expressed, SAA can displace ApoA1 as the major apolipoprotein in HDL complexes, weakening the function of HDL as a reverse (lipid clearing) cholesterol transporter. A highly charged region of SAA2 and SAA1 (aa 36-68) contains putative fibronectin- and laminin-binding motifs. This region also binds heparin sulfate proteoglycans at mildly acidic pH and promotes aggregation of A-SAA.

Langerin (CD207) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is member K of the C-type lectin domain family. Langerin is used as a marker for Langerhans cells (LCs) which represent the immature dendritic cells in the epidermis. Langerin is necessary and sufficient for Birbeck granule formation. Human langerin sequence contains a 43 aa cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 264 aa extracellular domain (ECD) that contains a coiled-coil domain and a single C-type lectin domain. Human langerin shares 68%, 62%, 71% aa identity with mouse, rat and bovine langerin ECD, respectively. Trimerization greatly increases the lectin binding affinity. Langerin internalizes endogenous proteins such as type I procollagen. Internalization by LC is thought to lead to suppression of self reactions. Langerin also mediates endocytosis of non-peptide antigens containing mannose, N-acetyl glucosamine and fucose that are expressed by mycobacteria and fungae.

Protein-Arginine Deiminase Type-4 (PADI4) belongs to the Protein Arginine Deiminase family. PADI4 is expressed in eosinophils and neutrophils, but it is not expressed in peripheral monocytes or lymphocytes. PADI4 catalyzes the citrullination deimination of arginine residues of proteins. In addition, PADI4 may play an important role in tumourigenesis. Genetic variations in PADI4 are a cause of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is a systemic inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component.

TNF RII Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 60 KDa and the accession number is P20333.

GDNF family receptor alpha-2 is a glycosylphosphatidylinosito l (GPI)-linked cell surface receptor. It is part of the GDNF receptor family. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin (NTN) are two structurally related, potent neurotrophic factors that play key roles in the control of neuron survival and differentiation. GFRA2 mediates the NRTN-induced autophosphorylation and activation of the RET receptor. It also able to mediate GDNF signaling through the RET tyrosine kinase receptor. It acts preferentially as a receptor for NTN compared to its other family member, GDNF family receptor alpha 1.

The IL12 receptor complex, formed by IL12RB1 and IL12RB2, mediates the type I immune responses of various types of lymphocytes. Its ligand, IL12, is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 subunits that are linked via disulfide bonds. Ligation of IL-12 to its receptor involves the binding of IL-12p35 to IL12RB1 and IL-12p40 to IL12RB2. This will result in the activation of tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), which is associated with the IL12RB1 chain and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), which is associated with the IL12RB2 chain. Activated TYK2 and JAK2 direct the phosphorylation of STAT4. IL12RB1 is present on all lymphocytes, while the expression of IL12RB2 is tightly regulated. It has shown that the expression of IL12RB2 is limited to Th2 cells. IL12RB2 subunit plays an important role in Th1 cell differentiation, since its absence leads to an abortive Th1 differentiation that has dysfunctional production of Th1 effector molecules.

C-Kit SCF R is a type 3 transmembrane receptor for MGF (mast cell growth factor, also known as stem cell factor). c-Kit contains 5 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains and 1 protein kinase domain. It belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and CSF-1 PDGF receptor subfamily. SCF R expression on mast cells enables them to infiltrate SCF-secreting tumors where they promote tumor growth and induce local immune suppression. SCF R is up-regulated on dendritic cells by Th2-orTh17-biasing stimuli, and it is required for subsequent dendritic cell induction of Th2 and Th17 responses. SCF R protects vascular smooth muscle cells from apoptosis and assists in the recovery of cardiac function following myocardial infarction.

EphA4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-Fc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 90-120 KDa and the accession number is P54764.

Roundabout homolog 4(ROBO4) contains 2 fibronectin type-III domains, 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains and belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.The protein is a receptor for slit proteins, at least for SLIT2, and seems to be involved in angiogenesis and vascular patterning. ROBO4 may mediate the inhibition of primary endothelial cell migration by Slit proteins.

HER3 ERBB3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 20-643, His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-6xHis-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 90-120 KDa and the accession number is P21860.

Complement C3a Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 9 KDa and the accession number is P01027.

CD30 TNFRSF8 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 19-379, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 60-95 KDa and the accession number is P28908.

FGFR2IIIb Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-Fc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 70-90 KDa and the accession number is P21802-3.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor 9 (LDL receptor) is a single-pass type I membrane protein which belongs to the LDLR family. It contains 3 EGF-like domains, 7 LDL-receptor class A domains, and 6 LDL-receptor class B repeats. This protein binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. In case of HIV-1 infection, it functions as a receptor for extracellular Tat in neurons, mediating its internalization in uninfected cells. Defects in LDLR will result in familial hypercholesterolemia.

Receptors for the Fc region of IgG (FcγR) are members of the Ig superfamily that function in the activation or inhibition of immune responses. Human FcγRs are divided into three classes designated FcγRI (CD64), FcγRII (CD32), and FcγRIII (CD16), which generate multiple isoforms, are recognized. The activating­ type receptor either has or associates non­covalently with an accessory subunit that has an immunoreceptor tyrosine­based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic domain. FcγRI binds IgG with high affinity and functions during early immune responses, whereas FcγRII and RIII are low affinity receptors that recognize IgG as aggregates surrounding multivalent antigens during late immune responses. Three genes for human FcγRII (A, B, and C) and one for mouse (FcγRIIB), encoding type I transmembrane proteins with ITAM motifs (FcγRII A and C) or ITIM motifs (FcγRIIB) in their cytoplasmic domains, have been identified. Human CD32, also known as Low affinity immunoglobulin γ Fc region receptor II-a (IgG Fc receptor II-a), FcγRII A or FCGR2A Protein, is expressed on cells of both myeloid and lymphoid lineages as well as on cells of non-hematopoietic origin. Associated with an ITAM-bearing adapter subunit, FcRγ, CD32a (FcγRII A) delivers an activating signal upon ligand binding, and results in the initiation of inflammatory responses including cytolysis, phagocytosis, degranulation, and cytokine production. The responses can be modulated by signals from the co-expressed inhibitory receptors such as Fcγ RII B, and the strength of the signal is dependent on the ratio of expression of the activating and inhibitory receptors.

Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is a CD8+ T cell-derived cytokine that induces chemotaxis of CD4+ T cells and CD4+ monocytes and eosinophils. Analysis by gel filtration suggests that, under physiological conditions, human IL-16 exists predominantly as a noncovalently linked multimer, but that some IL-16 may exist as a monomer. However, only the multimeric form appears to possess chemotactic activity, suggesting that receptor cross-linking may be required for activity. IL-16 also induces expression of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and MHC class II molecules on CD4+ T cells. Human and murine IL-16 show significant cross-species reactivity.

Protein disulfide-isomerase A5 is a 519 amino acids protein that belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.It contains 3 thioredoxin domains.It can catalyze the rearrangement of -S-S- bonds in proteins.

V-set and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 8(VSIG8) is a single-pass type I membrane protein.The human VSIG8 cDNA encodes 414 amino acids (aa) including a 21 aa signal sequence, a 242 aa extracellular domain (ECD) containing 2 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains, a 21 aa transmembrane domain and a 130 aa cytoplasmic domain.The funtion of VSIG8 is not clear.

5T4 TPBG Protein, Human, Recombinant (Avi & His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-Avi-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 60-90 KDa and the accession number is Q13641.

3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase Type 2 belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases reductases (SDR) family. 3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase Type 2 may play an important role in the peripheral utilization of 3-hydroxybutyrate. The cytoplasmic localization with its high ratio of oxidized NAD+, the NAD+ dependence and the kinetic parameters of 3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase Type 2 make it suitable to conbert high levels of circulating 3-hydroxybutyrate into acetoacetate.

Nicotinate-Nucleotide Pyrophosphorylase (QPRT) belongs to the nadC modD family. QPRT plays an improtant role in catabolism of quinolinate which acts as a potent endogenous exitotoxin to neurons. In addition, QPRT serves as an an intermediate in the Tryptophan-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide pathway. QPRT participates in some pathways including Cofactor biosynthesis, NAD(+) biosynthesis and the Nicotinate D-Ribonucleotide from Quinolinate. In addition, QPRT is involved in the catabolism of Quinolinic Acid (QA). The activity toward QA is slightly repressed by phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) in both a competitive and a non-competitive manner.

Chymotrypsin-Like Elastase Family Member 3A (CELA3A) is an enzyme that contains one peptidase S1 domain. ELA3A belongs to the peptidase S1 family of the Elastase subfamily. ELA3A is secreted from the pancreas as a zymogen and, like other serine proteases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein, it has a digestive function in the intestine. ELA3A may also function in the intestinal transport and metabolism of cholesterol. ELA3A is efficient protease with alanine specificity but only little elastolytic activity. ELA3A preferentially cleaves proteins after alanine residues.

Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 3 is also known as CD85 antigen-like family member E, Immunoglobulin-like transcript 6, ILT-6, Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 4, LIR-4 and Monocyte inhibitory receptor HM43 HM31. In humans, it is encoded by the LILRA3 gene. It acts as soluble receptor for class I MHC antigens. Binds both classical and non-classical HLA class I molecules but with reduced affinities compared to LILRB1 or LILRB2.It is detected in B-cells, natural killer (NK) cells, peripheral blood monocytes and lung.

IL-18RAP is a single-pass type I membrane protein and contains two Ig-like C2-type domains and one TIR domain, IL18RAP can be induced by IFN-alpha and IL12 in nature killer cells and T-cells. The coexpression of IL18R1 and IL18RAP is required for the activation of NF-kappa B and JNK in response to IL-18.Defects in IL18RAP are associated with Coeliac disease.

Calcium Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1 (CAMK1) belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, CAMK Ser Thr protein kinase family, and CaMK subfamily. CAMK1 contains one protein kinase domain and widely expressed. CAMK1 is phosphorylated by CaMKK1 and CaMKK2 on Thr-177. CAMK1 regulates transcription activators activity, cell cycle, hormone production, cell differentiation, actin filament organization, and neurite outgrowth. CAMK1 plays a role in K+ and ANG2-mediated regulation of the aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) to produce aldosterone in the adrenal cortex.

Latent TGF-beta 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-8xHis-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12 and 37-45 KDa and the accession number is P10600.

EphA8, also known as Hek3 and Eek, is a 120 kDa glycosylated member of the Eph family of transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases. The A and B classes of Eph proteins are distinguished by Ephrin ligand binding preference but have a common structural organization. Eph-Ephrin interactions are widely involved in the regulation of cell migration, tissue morphogenesis, and cancer progression. Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously GPI-anchored ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The GPI-anchored ephrin-A EFNA2, EFNA3, and EFNA5 are able to activate EPHA8 through phosphorylation. With EFNA5 may regulate integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration on fibronectin substrate but also neurite outgrowth. During development of the nervous system plays also a role in axon guidance. Downstream effectors of the EPHA8 signaling pathway include FYN which promotes cell adhesion upon activation by EPHA8 and the MAP kinases in the stimulation of neurite outgrowth.

Mouse Cytotoxic Tlymphocyte 4(CTLA-4,CD152), is a type I transmembrane T cell inhibitory molecule. Within the ECD, Mouse CTLA-4 shares 68% aa sequence identity with human. CTLA4 is similar to the T cell costimulatory protein CD28 since both of the molecules bind to CD80 and CD86 on antigen-presenting cells. CTLA4 transmits an inhibitory signal to T cells, whereas CD28 transmits a stimulatory signal. Intracellular CTLA4 is also found inregulatory T cells and may play an important role in their functions. T cell activation through the T cell receptor and CD28 leads to increased expression of CTLA4. Genetic variations of CTLA4 have been associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE), Gravesdisease(GRD), Celiac disease type3(CELIAC3) and Hepatitis B virus infection(HBVinfection).

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (Tnfrsf1a) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Tnfrsf1a is one of the major receptors for the tumor necrosis factor-alpha. It can activate the transcription factor NF-κB, mediate apoptosis, and function as a regulator of inflammation. Antiapoptotic protein BCL2-associated athanogene 4 (BAG4 SODD) and adaptor proteins TRADD and TRAF2 have been shown to interact with this receptor, and thus play regulatory roles in the signal transduction mediated by the receptor. Germline mutations of the extracellular domains of this receptor were found to be associated with the human genetic disorder called tumor necrosis factor associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) or periodic fever syndrome

Cdh1 is one of the substrate adaptor protein of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Functioning as an activator of the APC C, Cdh1 regulates the activity and substrate specificity of this ubiquitin E3-ligase.

Siglec-2 CD22 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (aa 22-702, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 100-120 KDa and the accession number is AAA02562.1.

Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Cytosolic (SHMT1) is a member of the SHMT family. SHMT1 is a cytoplasmic protein and exists as a homotetramer. SHMT1 catalyzes the reversible conversion of serine and tetrahydrofolate to glycine and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. This reaction provides one carbon unit for the synthesis of methionine, thymidylate, and purines in the cytoplasm. A reduction in SHMT1 levels would result in less glycine that could affect the nervous system by acting as an agonist to the NMDA receptor and this could be a mechanism behind Smith-Magenis syndrome.

Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier 2 (SUMO2) is an Ubiquitin-like protein that belongs to the ubiquitin family with SUMO subfamily. It is a family of small, related proteins that can be enzymatically attached to a target protein by a post-translational modification process termed sumoylation. SUMO2 can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptidebond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins.