larvicidal

GABA-IN-2 (Compound 5), a GABA inhibitor, exhibits both larvicidal and insecticidal properties, achieving an 87% mortality rate at a concentration of 50 mg/L [1].

1-Hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone exhibits promising larvicidal activity.

Alepterolic acid exhibits larvicidal properties against Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera, Culicidae), with LC50 of 87.3 ppm.

Limonin glucoside is a natural product in citrus fruits. It inhibits expression of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 in infected cells, induces apoptosis in colon adenocarcinoma cells, and exhibits larvicidal activity against species of Aedes.

Nidulin is a depsidone originally isolated from A. nidulans. It is active against the bacteria M. tuberculosis and M. ranoe, as well as the fungi T. tonsurans and M. audouini. It also inhibits the growth of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; MIC = 4 μg/ml) and has larvicidal activity toward Artemia (LC50 = 2.8 μg/ml). Nidulin is cytotoxic to MOLT-3 cells (IC50 = 21.2 μM) but not HuCCA-1, HepG2, or A549 cells (IC50s = >112.7 μM). It inhibits aromatase with an IC50 value of 11.2 μM.

Nornidulin is a depsidone originally isolated from A. nidulans that has antibacterial activity against M. tuberculosis and M. ranoe as well as antifungal activity against T. tonsurans and M. audouini. It also inhibits the growth of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; MIC = 2 μg/ml) and has larvicidal activity toward Artemia (LC50 = 1.7 μg/ml). Nornidulin has cytotoxic activity in MOLT-3 cells (IC50 = 35.7 μM) but not HuCCA-1, HepG2, or A549 cells (IC50s = >116.4 μM).

GABA-IN-1 (Compound 6), a GABA inhibitor, exhibits larvicidal and insecticidal properties, achieving a mortality rate of 93% at a concentration of 50 mg/L [1].

Patulitrin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and larvicidal activities, oral and topical administration of patuletin and patulitrin inhibited acute inflammation in mice.

Compound B18 (RyRs activator 4) is an insect ryanodine receptor activator that exhibits larvicidal activity against Mythimna separata with an LC50 value of 1.32 mg/L [1].

5-Pentadecylresorcinol (Adipostatin A) has good larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti that is an inhibitor of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) with an IC 50 of 4.1 μM [1] [2].

Methazolamide-d6 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of methazolamide by GC- or LC-MS. Methazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It reduces intraocular pressure and cerebrospinal fluid flow in a rat model of glaucoma. Methazolamide reduces electroshock-induced seizures in rats with an ED50 value of 19.2 mg/kg. It also inhibits production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a primary cortical neuron (PCN) cellular model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and reduces cerebral edema in a mouse model of SAH.3 Methazolamide is larvicidal, with a 50% larvicidal concentration (LC50) value of 724 ppm, but has no activity when administered in the diet to adult A. aegypti. Formulations containing methazolamide have been used in the treatment of glaucoma.

1. Fraxinellone significantly reduced weight loss and diarrhea in mice and alleviated the macroscopic and microscopic signs of the disease. 2. Fraxinellone exhibited a variety of insecticidal activities including feeding-deterrent activity, inhibition of growth, and larvicidal activity. 3. Fraxinellone has effect in the midgut metabolism of Mythimna separata (M. separata), via protease (especially the weak alkaline trypsin-like enzyme), carboxylesterase and glutathione S-transferase.

Hexythiazox is a mite growth regulator and a thiazolidine based acaricide that has long-lasting effects against many kinds of mites and is applied at any stage of the plant growth from budding to fruiting.

1. 3-Butylidenephthalide (Butylidene phthalide) has antihyperglycemic effect is due to inhibition of α-glucosidase at the intestinal level, inhibited the activity of yeast-α-glucosidase (IC(5) 2.35 mM) in a noncompetitive fashion with a K(i) of 4.86 mM.

Tectoquinone exhibits strong mosquito larvicidal activity.

Evodol may as an anti-inflammatory agent or lead compound, it shows inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide -activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Evodol and limonin possess larvicidal activity against the Asian tiger mosquitoe

RyRs activator 2 is a potent activator of ranibulin receptors (RyRs). ryRs activator 2 has a larvicidal activity of 30%, which is comparable to chlorfenvinphos (30%) and better than cyanobenzamide (10%).

Amorphigenin, a rotenoid compound, exhibits a strong larvicidal activity.

Burchellin has larvicidal activity, it can interfer with the development cycle of the mosquito, where its strongest toxic effect is 100% mortality in larvae (L3) at concentrations ‰¥ 30 ppm. Burchellin and licarin A have activity against Trypanosoma cruzi

RyRs activator 1 is a potent activator of ranibulin receptors (RyRs).RyRs activator 1 has 100% larvicidal activity at 0.5 mg/L and 90% larvicidal activity at 0.01 mg/L.

Suberosin exhibits anti-inflammatory, and anticoagulant activities, it also shows biting deterrent activity against Aedes aegypti, it may be useful for use as mosquito larvicidal agent.

1. dl-Maackiain (Demethylpterocarpin) induces apoptosis and growth suppression 2. MAK1 is the second functional gene cloned from Maackiain detoxification.

6-Acetonyl- N -methyl-dihydrodecarine has mosquito larvicidal activity against the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.

Methazolamide (CL 8490) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.