leptin , human

Leptin Receptor Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 95 kDa and the accession number is P48357-1.

Leptin Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 16 kDa and the accession number is A4D0Y8.

Leptin Receptor Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 121.4 kDa and the accession number is P48357-1.

Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), also known as osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) is a member of Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of proteins. Bone morphogenetic proteins were discovered in 1965 by Marshal Urist, of which BMP7 is of particular interest in this review being a leptin-independent anorexinogen and having role in energy expenditure in the brown adipose tissue, which makes it a potential target for preventing/treating obesity. As it has been established that Obesity displays a state of leptin-resistance, thus a protein-like BMP7 which acts through a leptin-independent pathway could give new therapeutic directions.

Angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) is a secreted glycoprotein that is structurally related to the angiopoietins. Mature human ANGPTL3 contains an N-terminal coiled coil domain and a C-terminal fibrinogen-like domain. ANGPTL3 is expressed in the liver from early in development through adulthood. Full length ANGPTL3 circulates in the plasma as do the proteolytically separated N-and C-terminal segments containing the coiled coil domain and fibrinogen-like domains,respectively. ANGPTL3 directly inhibits lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and endothelial lipase (EL), enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing circulating triglycerides and HDL phospholipids. ANGPTL3 promotes an increase in circulating triglyceride levels without altering VLDL or HDL secretion or uptake. ANGPTL3 expression in vivo is up-regulated by LXR agonists and down-regulated by insulin, leptin, and agonists of TRβ or PPARβ.

Leptin is a hormone secreted from white adipocytes and plays important role in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Leptin functions via signaling pathways involving OB-R in hypothalamus. Animal models have revealed the influence of Leptin in reducing body weight and regulating blood glucose level. When mutations are introduced in obese gene, mice with impaired function of leptin are massively obese and in high risk of diabetes. Leptin deficiency reduces metablic rate. Leptin deficient mice are less active and with lower body temperature than normal animals. Human Leptin shares approximately 84% sequence identity with the mouse protein. Human Leptin consists of 167 amino acid residue including a 21 amino acid residue signal sequence and 146 amino acid residue mature protein sequence.