parasympathomimetic

Methacholine Chloride (Acetyl-β-methylcholine chloride) is a quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma.

sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine (Choline glycerophosphate) is a natural choline compound found in the brain and in milk. It is also a parasympathomimetic acetylcholine precursor which may have a potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia. sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine rapidly delivers choline to the brain across the blood–brain barrier and is a biosynthetic precursor of the acetylcholine neurotransmitter. It is a non-prescription drug in most countries due to its Generally Recognised As Safe (GRAS) status [1]. Studies have investigated its efficacy for cognitive disorders including stroke and Alzheimer's disease. An Italian multicentre clinical trial on 2, 044 patients suffering from recent stroke were supplied Glycerylphosphorylcholine in doses of 1, 000 mg/day for 28 days and 400 mg three times per day for the five ensuing months. The trial confirmed the therapeutic role of alpha-GPC on the cognitive recovery of patients based on four measurement scales, three of which reached statistical significance [2].

Acetylcholine Chloride is the chloride salt form of acetylcholine, a synthetic, quaternary amino alcohol with cholinergic properties. Acetylcholine chloride (Pilofrin) mimics the parasympathomimetic effect of the endogenous compound acetylcholine. Administered as an ophthalmic solution, this drug stimulates the cholinoceptors in the sphincter muscle of the iris, causing the pupil to constrict.

Cisapride acts directly as a selective agonist of serotonin 5-HT4 receptor with IC50 value of 0.483 μM. And It also acts indirectly as a parasympathomimetic.

Bethanechol chloride (Carbamyl-β-methylcholine chloride) is a slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, heart rate changes, and bronchial spasm.

Physostigmine, a parasympathomimetic alkaloid, is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It extracts from the Calabar bean.

Malathion-d7 is a deuterated compound of Malathion. Malathion has a CAS number of 121-75-5. Malathion is an organophosphate parasympathomimetic which binds irreversibly to cholinesterase, is an insecticide of relatively low human toxicity.

Ambenonium chloride tetrahydrate is a salt of ambenonium --- a quaternary ammonium compound with parasympathomimetic activity. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the management of myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis occurs when the body produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits signal transmission across the myoneural junction. Ambenonium chloride is a rapid indirect-acting cholinergic agonist that reversibly blocks the activity of acetylcholinesterase, thereby prevents acetylcholine hydrolysis and prolonging its activity on nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction.

Pyridostigmine D6 bromide is the deuterium labeled Pyridostigmine, which is a parasympathomimetic and a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase.

Rivastigmine (Exelon) is a Cholinesterase Inhibitor, used for therapy of Alzheimer disease.

Norcisapride belongs to the class of organic compounds known as diphenylpyrroles. Norcisapride acts directly as a serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist and indirectly as a parasympathomimetic. Norcisapride is a metabolite of cisapride.

Cevimeline, a parasympathomimetic and muscarinic agonist, affects M1 and M3 receptors. Cevimeline has been shown to treat dry mouth and Sj gren's syndrome. It is also used to reduce Xerostomia symptoms and increase salivary flow in head and neck cancer survivors after radiotherapy.

Rivastigmine tartrate (SDZ-ENA 713) is a carbamate-derived reversible CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR that is selective for the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM and is used for the treatment of DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE and PARKINSON DISEASE.

Demecarium Free Base is a quaternary ammonium compound that serves as a long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor with parasympathomimetic activity. When used topically, demecarium inactivates both pseudocholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase, thereby preventing acetylcholine breakdown and increasing acetylcholine activity.

Ambenonium Chloride is the chloride salt form of ambenonium, a quaternary ammonium compound with parasympathomimetic activity. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the management of myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis occurs when the body produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits signal transmission across the myoneural junction. Ambenonium chloride is a rapid indirect-acting cholinergic agonist that reversibly blocks the activity of acetylcholinesterase, thereby prevents acetylcholine hydrolysis and prolonging its activity on nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction.

Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate is a novel muscarinic receptor agonist, used as a candidate therapeutic drug for xerostomia in Sjogren's syndrome.

Malathion-d10 is a deuterated compound of Malathion. Malathion has a CAS number of 121-75-5. Malathion is an organophosphate parasympathomimetic which binds irreversibly to cholinesterase, is an insecticide of relatively low human toxicity.