potassium 3-indoxyl sulfate

Potassium 1H-indol-3-yl sulfate (Potassium 3-indoxyl sulfate) is an agonist for the human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), a key regulator of immune-inflammatory conditions. A metabolite of tryptophan derived from dietary protein, it is produced by intestinal bacteria and metabolized in the liver. In chronic kidney disease patients with impaired renal function, it accumulates in serum as a uremic toxin, inducing oxidative stress and accelerating disease progression. At 250 μM, it activates NF-Κb, promoting TGF-β1 and Smad3 expression in rat proximal tubular cells, which is associated with profibrotic activity.

Taurochenodeoxycholate-3-sulfate, a bile salt, is present in urine.

Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (SLCG), a cholic acid derivative and glycolithocholic acid metabolite, effectively inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro. This compound holds potential for researching HIV infection and gallbladder disease [1] [2].

Dopamine 3-O-sulfate, primarily found in plasma, serves as a biomarker for identifying aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency [1].

Estradiol 3-sulfate 17β-Glucuronide potassium salt (Estradiol 3-sulfate 17-glucuronide potassium) is a naturally occurring estrogen that competitively inhibits MRP-mediated LTC transporter and can be used to study metabolic diseases.

Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate disodium, a bile acid, closely corresponds with the extent of hepatic dysfunction [1].

Estriol 3-sulfate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T124799.

Chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate, a bile acid, closely corresponds with the extent of hepatic dysfunction [1].

Indole-3-butyric acid potassium at a concentration of 10 μM induces the formation of adventitious roots (AR) in thin cell layers (TCL). Additionally, at a concentration of 1 μM, it promotes lateral root formation in Arabidopsis by facilitating the production of nitric oxide (NO).

Estrone sulfate potassium is an estrogen ester and conjugate, a natural endogenous steroid.