primaquine

Primaquine is the generally available anti-malarial that prevents relapse in vivax and ovale malaria, and the potent gametocytocide in falciparum malaria [1] [2].

Primaquine diphosphate is the phosphate salt form of primaquine, a synthetic, 8-aminoquinoline derivative with antimalarial properties. Although its mechanism of action is unclear, primaquine bind to and alter the properties of protozoal DNA. This agent eliminates tissue (exo-erythrocytic) malarial infection, preventing the development of the erythrocytic forms of the parasite which are responsible for relapses in Plasmodium vivax and ovale malaria. Primaquine is active against late hepatic stages (hypnozoites, schizonts).

Primaquine-13C-d3 is the 13C and deuterated compound of Primaquine. Primaquine has a CAS number of 90-34-6. Primaquine is the generally available anti-malarial that prevents relapse in vivax and ovale malaria, and the potent gametocytocide in falciparum malaria.

l-Primaquine is used to treat and prevent malaria and to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia.

M 8506 can be used in the treatment of simian malaria and is is less toxic than primaquine in mice.

KAI407 is a potent non-8-aminoquinoline compound that kills Plasmodium cynomolgi early dormant liver stage parasites in vitro. KAI407 showed an activity profile similar to that of primaquine (PQ), efficiently killing the earliest stages of the parasites that become either primary hepatic schizonts or hypnozoites (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] for hypnozoites, KAI407, 0.69 μM, and PQ, 0.84 μM; for developing liver stages, KAI407, 0.64 μM, and PQ, 0.37 μM). KAI407 may represent a new compound class for P. vivax malaria prophylaxis and potentially a radical cure.