sorbitol

D-Sorbitol (Sorbitol) is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose. D-Sorbitol occurs naturally and is also produced synthetically from glucose. It was formerly used as a diuretic and may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for some surgical procedures. It is also used in many manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

Maltitol (4-O-α-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol) is a sugar alcohol (polyol) used as a sugar substitute.

Isomalt (Palatinitol) is a mixture of 1,6-mannitol glucopyranoside and 1,6-sorbitol glucopyranoside

1,5-Anhydrosorbitol is a validated marker of short-term glycemic control. This substance is derived mainly from food.

D-Mannitol (Mannitol) is a diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. D-Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.

Isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (Isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-Glucoside) inhibits the activity of alpha-glucosidase from rat intestine; it exhibits a potent rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibition in vitro, its IC(50) being 1.4 microM and has inhibitory effects of sorbitol accumulation, suggests that it is a leading compound for further study as a new drug for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Semilicoisoflavone B can inhibit sorbitol formation of rat lens incubated with a high concentration of glucose, indicates that it may be effective for preventing osmotic stress in hyperglycemia.