vaginal

4-Nonylphenol polyethoxylate (Nonoxinol-9) is a typical surfactant used as a vaginal spermicide. Spermicides are locally acting non-hormonal contraceptives. When present in the vagina during intercourse, they immobilize/inactivate/damage and/or kill sperms without eliciting systemic effects. 4-Nonylphenol polyethoxylate has been in use for more than 30 years as an over-the-counter (OTC) drug in creams, gels, foams and condom lubricants. It is the most commonly used spermicidal contraceptive in the UK and the USA. In several European countries, spermicides are no longer on the market.

Fispemifene (HM-101) is an estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to treat genitourinary syndromes and vaginal atrophy.

Promestriene (3-propyl ethyl) (INN) is a synthetic estrogen and glucocorticoid used topically in a 1% cream formulation. It is described as a tropic agent and antiseborrheic.

FSL-1 TFA, a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6) agonist derived from bacteria, bolsters resistance against experimental HSV-2 infection[1] and stimulates MMP-9 production via the TLR2 and NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathways in monocytic THP-1 cells[2].

Onapristone, a progesterone receptor antagonist, is used potentially for the treatment of breast cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and inducer of vaginal bleeding.

Amorolfine hydrochloride (Amorolfine HCl) is an antifungal reagent. It exerts the antifungal activity by selectively interrupting two steps in the pathway of ergosterol synthesis and eventually disrupting the function and structure of fungal cell membrane. Amorolfine hydrochloride , a morpholine antifungal drug, can inhibit D14 reductase and D7-D8 isomerase. These enzymes can deplete ergosterol and cause ignosterol to accumulate in the fungal cytoplasmic cell membranes.

Ospemifene (FC-1271a) is a new selective non-hormonal estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that is used for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia, a symptom of vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause. FDA approved on February 26, 2013.

It is an isomer of cresotinic acid (2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid) and oxymethylbenzoic acid (2-methoxybenzoic acid). Derivatives of mandelic acid are formed as a result of metabolism of adrenaline and noradrenaline by monoamine oxidase and catechol-o-methyl transferase. It is also present in certain skin care products, is an intermediate molecule in the production of other biochemicals, may be used as an analytical reagent and is a precursor in the manufacture of dyes. Mandelic acid (acidomandelico) is found to be associated with phenylketonuria, which is an inborn error of metabolism.

Chlordantoin is an antifungal agent with the potential for vaginal candidiasis treatment.

Levormeloxifene is a selective modulator of the estrogen receptor. It inhibits the production of vaginal tropoelastin and transforming growth factor-beta 1.

Nithiamide (CL-5279) is an orally available antiprotozoan agent used in the treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis.

PACAP-related peptide (PRP) is an endogenous 29-amino acid peptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon superfamily of peptides, which includes secretin , glucagon , glucagon-like peptide-1 , GLP-2 , and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide . It is expressed in rat hypothalamus as well as within the nerves of the median eminence, the anterior pituitary, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and amygdala. PRP is also expressed in vaginal, uterine cervical, uterine horn, fallopian tube, and ovarian tissues from the rat female genital tract and is present in extracts of male testis tissue.

D-(-)-Mandelic acid ((R)-(-)-Mandelic acid) has the health function of killing sperm, reducing Yin, inhibiting bacteria, anti-inflammation and enhancing vagina self-cleaning.