antiarrhythmic agent

Antiarrhythmic agent-1 (example I), functioning as an antiarrhythmic agent and an IKr potassium channel blocker (IC 50 <1 μM), effectively inhibits cardiac arrhythmias.

AFD-21 is a class I antiarrhythmic drug. It binds to sodium channels in their inactivated state and exerts use- and voltage-dependent inhibition of sodium channels with unbinding rates comparable to those of class I antiarrhythmic drugs with moderate kinetics.

(+)-Sparteine (Pachycarpine) is a natural product extracted from scotch broom, is a sodium channel blocker and a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent

Gallopamil (Methoxyverapamil) inhibits acid secretion in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 10.9 μM. Gallopamil is a potent antiarrhythmic and vasodilator agent. Gallopamil (Methoxyverapamil), a methoxy derivative of Verapamil, is a phenylalkylamine calcium antagonist.

Droxicainide is an antiarrhythmic agent.

Bidisomide (SC40230) is an agent of class I antiarrhythmic.

Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lignocaine hydrochloride) is a local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmic agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.

(-)-Sparteine sulfate pentahydrate ((-)-Sparteine Sulfate) is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent and a sodium channel blocker. It can chelate the bivalents calcium and magnesium.

Cibenzoline, also known as Escibenzoline, is the S(+)-enantiomer of Cibenzoline and functions as an antiarrhythmic agent.

Nicainoprol (RU-42924) is a fast-sodium-channel blocking drug. Nicainoprol is a potent antiarrhythmic agent.

Sparteine sulfate (Tocosimplex) is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent and a sodium channel blocker. It can chelate the bivalents calcium and magnesium.

Amiodarone is categorized as a class III antiarrhythmic agent and prolongs phase 3 of the cardiac action potential. It also has numerous other effects, including actions that are similar to those of antiarrhythmic classes Ia, II, and IV. Amiodarone chemic

KVI-020 is a selective, orally active blocker of the atrial potassium channel Kv1.5 (IC50: 480 nM). kVI-020 exhibits inhibition of hERG (IC50: 15100 nM). KVI-020 is a potent antiarrhythmic agent and can be used in the study of atrial fibrillation (AF).

Sparteine is a class 1a antiarrhythmic agent, a sodium channel blocker. The deficient debrisoquine hydroxylation of Sparteine is due to the absence of P-450IID1 protein in the livers of poor metabolizers.

Moricizine Hydrochloride (EN 313) is an orally active class I antiarrhythmic agent that reduces the maximum rate of phase 0 depolarisation; increases the repolarisation rate of phases 2 and 3, reduces the duration of action potentials and reduces the effective non-response period.

Ro 22-9194 is a class I antiarrhythmic agent. Ro 22-9194 (>=10 μM) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the maximum upstroke velocity and shortening of action potential duration in guinea-pig ventricular cells.

Aprindine HCl is a Class 1b antiarrhythmic agent used to manage ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. In one study, it delayed atrial fibrillation more than digoxin did. It has shown effectiveness when given orally.

Flecainide acetate (R-818) is a class Ic antiarrhythmic agent used to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmias (abnormal fast rhythms of the heart).

Ajmaline hydrochloride is an alkaloid found in the root of Rauwolfia serpentina, and other plant sources. It is a class of Ia antiarrhythmic agent that apparently works by changing the shape and threshold of cardiac action potentials.

Dofetilide (UK 68789) is a sulfonamide class III antiarrhythmic agent and potassium channel blocker. Dofetilide selectively blocks cardiac ion channels of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier potassium current Ikr. This antiarrhythmic agent prolongs cardiac action potential duration and effective refractory period due to delayed repolarization without affecting conduction velocity. This results in a normal sinus rhythm. Dofetilide is used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter.

(3S)-hydroxy Quinidine is an active quinidine metabolite. Quinidine, an antiarrhythmic agent, undergoes rapid first-pass metabolism by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2E1, and CYP3A5, with CYP3A4 being the most active enzyme in the (3S)-hydroxy quinidine formation. (3S)-hydroxy Quinidine prolongs repolarization of canine Purkinje fibers in vitro and prevents ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia after coronary reperfusion in isolated rat hearts in a dose-dependent manner.

Bisaramil is a new class I antiarrhythmic agent.

Nadolol-d9 (Mixture of Diastereomers) is a deuterated compound of Nadolol. Nadolol has a CAS number of 42200-33-9. Nadolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors located in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting the activities of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine and producing negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. This agent exhibits antiarrhythmic activity via the impairment of atrioventricular (AV) node conduction and a corresponding reduction in sinus rate. In the kidney, inhibition of the beta-2 receptor within the juxtaglomerular apparatus results in the inhibition of renin production and a subsequent reduction in angiotensin II and aldosterone levels, thus inhibiting angiotensin II-dependent vasoconstriction and aldosterone-dependent water retention.

MK-142 dimethyl sulfonate is a biologic active agent with antiarrhythmic properties, and the content of MK-142 is relatively high in cardiac muscle compared to that in skeletal muscle, indicating that the substance tested has a high affinity with cardiac

Carsatrin succinate is the salt form of Carsatin, a purinylpiperazine derivative used as a cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic. Carsatrin acts as positive inotropic agent that increases twitch tension and prolongs the action potential (AP) duration of ventricular muscle without affecting the Na+, K+-ATPase, adenylyl cyclase, phosphodiesterase isozymes, or cardiac myofilaments. Carsatrin’s positive inotropic effect can be prevented by tetrodotoxin but not by the adrenergic antagonists timolol, yohimbine, or prazosin.

Tocainide hydrochloride is a sodium channel blocker, it blocks the sodium channels in the pain-producing foci in the nerve membranes. Tocainide hydrochloride is an orally effective antiarrhythmic agent, structurally and pharmacologically similar to lidocaine [1] [2].

Modecainide is metabolite of Encainide, is an antiarrhythmic agent.

GYKI-23107 is an antiarrhythmic agent with a local anesthetic activity.

GYKI-16638 is a novel antiarrhythmic agent that demonstrates combined class IB and class III antiarrhythmic properties in human ventricular muscles, similar to the electrophysiological findings after chronic amiodarone treatment. In addition, GYKI 16638 h

Quinidine Monosulfate is an antiarrhythmic agent. Quinidine Monosulfate is a potent, orally active, selective cytochrome P450db inhibitor. Quinidine Monosulfate is also a K + channel blocker with an IC 50 of 19.9 μM. Quinidine Monosulfate can be used for malaria research [1] [2] [3].

Budiodarone（ATI-2042）is a chemical analog of an antiarrhythmic drug and amiodarone. Budedalone is promising as an antiarrhythmic agent for the prevention of atrial fibrillation.

Pilsicainide (SUN 1165 free acid) is a potent class Ic antiarrhythmic agent. Pilsicainide is a potent sodium channel blocker[1][2].

Hydroquinidine ((+)-Hydroquinidine) is an organic compound, used as an antiarrhythmic agent.

Fendiline is a coronary vasodilator that inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as an antiarrhythmic and antianginal agent.

N-Acetylprocainamide (NAPA), the N-acetylated metabolite of Procainamide, is a Class III antiarrhythmic agent, while procainamide is a Class Ia antiarrhythmic drug.

Quinate is an antiarrhythmic agent, a potent, selective, orally active inhibitor of cytochrome P450db (cytochrome P450db), and a potent K+channel blocker (IC50: 19.9 μM). quinate can also be used in the study of malaria.

Propafenone (Propafenonum) is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity. The drug is generally well tolerated. The electrophysiological effect of propafenone manifests itself in a reduction of upstroke velocity (Phase 0) of the monophasic action potential. In Purkinje fibers, and to a lesser extent myocardial fibers, propafenone reduces the fast inward current carried by sodium ions, which is responsible for the drugs antiarrhythmic actions. Diastolic excitability threshold is increased and effective refractory period prolonged. Propafenone reduces spontaneous automaticity and depresses triggered activity. At very high concentrations in vitro, propafenone can inhibit the slow inward current carried by calcium but this calcium antagonist effect probably does not contribute to antiarrhythmic efficacy.

Tedisamil sesquifumarate is an Antiarrhythmic Agent (K(sup +) Channel Blocker)

Pentisomide is a class-I antiarrhythmic agent with a marked effect on depolarization (action of class Ia and Ic) and on repolarization. Pentisomide dose-dependently inhibited ischaemia-reperfusion arrhythmia. Pentisomide had been in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of arrhythmias.

Ep vinyl quinidine (3-Epiquinine) is an epi-vinyl stereoisomer of Quinidine. Quinidine can be used in malaria research which is also an antiarrhythmic agent. Quinidine is a potent, orally active, selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450db as well as a blocker of K+ channel with an IC 50 of 19.9 μM [1] [2] [3].

Carsatrin is purinylpiperazine derivative. as cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic. Carsatrin acts as positive inotropic agent that increases twitch tension and prolongs the action potential (AP) duration of ventricular muscle without affecting the Na+, K+-ATPase, adenylyl cyclase, phosphodiesterase isozymes, or cardiac myofilaments. Carsatrin’s positive inotropic effect can be prevented by tetrodotoxin but not by the adrenergic antagonists timolol, yohimbine, or prazosin

RAC 109 is a chiral antiarrhythmic agent.

Prifuroline is an agent of antiarrhythmic.

E-4031 is a methanesulfonanilide class III antiarrhythmic agent that prolongs cardiac action potential duration by blocking ERG K+ channels (IC50 = 29 nM)

Quinidine-d3 is a deuterated compound of Quinidine. Quinidine has a CAS number of 56-54-2. Quinidine is a stereoisomer of the antimalarial agent quinine and a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent. for the treatment of abnormal heart rhythms and also malaria.

Nadolol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic activities. Nadolol competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors located in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting the activities of the catechola

Procaine hydrochloride (Novocaine HCl) is the hydrochloride salt form of procaine, a benzoic acid derivative with local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic properties. Procaine binds to and inhibits voltage-gated sodiumchannels, thereby inhibiting the ionic flux required for the initiation and conduction of impulses. In addition, this agent increases electrical excitation threshold, reduces rate of rise of action potential and slows nerve impulse propagation thereby causing loss of sensation.

Astringinin is a potent antiarrhythmic agent with cardioprotective activity in ischemic and ischemic-reperfused rat heart, the beneficial effects of astringinin in the ischemic and ischemic-reperfused hearts may be correlated with its antioxidant activity and upregulation of NO production.

Quinidine is a stereoisomer of the antimalarial agent quinine and a class Ia antiarrhythmic agent. for the treatment of abnormal heart rhythms and also malaria.

Lignocaine N-oxide is a metabolite of Lidocaine, which is an antiarrhythmic and anesthetic agent.