antidote

Tolazoline (Benzalolin), a non-selective competitive α-adrenergic receptor antagonist, is used as a vasodilator to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels. It has also been used successfully as an antidote to reverse the severe peripheral vasoconstriction as a result of overdose with certain 5-HT2A agonist drugs.

Bemegride (3-Ethyl-3-methylglutarimide), a central nervous system stimulant, serves as an antidote for barbiturate poisoning.

Calcium trinatrium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid hydrate (Ca-DTPA trisodium salt hydrate) is a metal chelator and a nontoxic inhibitor of CMV replication, as well as a useful antidote in cases of acute cadmium intoxication.

Fomepizole (4-Methylpyrazole) is used as an antidote in confirmed or suspected methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning. Fomepizole(4-Methylpyrazole) is a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the initial steps in the metabolism of ethylene glycol and methanol to their toxic metabolites.

Dimethyl trisulfide is the simplest organic trisulfide found in garlic, onion, broccoli, and similar plants. Dimethyl trisulfide is a cyanide antidote.

Folinic acid calcium (Leucovorin Calcium) is the active metabolite of folic acid. Leucovorin is used principally as an antidote to folic acid antagonists.

3-Benzoylpyridine (Phenyl 3-pyridyl ketone) is a decomposition product of HGG-12 which is the soman antidote.

Norathiol (N-methyl-N-dithiocarboxyglucamine) is an antidote for cadmium poisoning and a metal chelator that promotes the excretion of 109Cd and can be used in the treatment of cadmium poisoning.

Physostigmine, a parasympathomimetic alkaloid, is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. It extracts from the Calabar bean.

Obidoxime dichloride, a selective oxime agent, effectively reactivates sarin-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and mitigates the acute toxicity associated with sarin exposure. It is also utilized as an antidote for organophosphate nerve agent poisoning.

Pralidoxime Iodide, also named 2-PAM, is an antidote approved for reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in organophosphate poisoning.

Edrophonium is a rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.

BRD4 Inhibitor-17 (Compound 5i) is a highly potent inhibitor of BRD4 with an IC50 value of 0.33 μM, playing a crucial regulatory role in transcription by modulating the expression of inflammatory, proliferation, and cell cycle genes. It also shows potential as a remedy for arsenical-induced toxicity [1].

K203 is a potent tabun-inhibited AChE reactivator and is an important antidote to organophosphorus poisoning.

Delparantag( PMX-60056) is a heparins antidote designed to restore coagulation.

Trimedoxime bromide is a cholinesterase reactivator used as an antidote in alkyl phosphate poisoning.

NecroX-7 (LC-280126) is a potent free radical scavenger and HMGB1 (high-mobility group box 1) inhibitor. It serves as an antidote to acetaminophen toxicity and exerts a protective effect by preventing HMGB1 release in ischemia reperfusion injury. Additionally, NecroX-7 inhibits HMGB1-induced release of TNF and IL-6 and the expression of TLR-4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products. This compound may be used for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) research [1].

Fomepizole hydrochloride (4-Methylpyrazole), a potent, orally active inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) and a competitive inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, prevents the conversion of methanol and ethylene glycol into toxic metabolites. It has potential as an antidote for poisoning by ethylene glycol or methanol.

Amiphenazole is a respiratory stimulant traditionally used as an antidote for barbiturate or opiate overdose, usually in combination with bemegride, as well as poisoning from other sedative drugs and treatment of respiratory failure from other causes.

N-Monoacetylcystine is a paracetamol poisoning antidote. It is used in the treatment of influenza A virus pandemic.

Pralidoxime is a potent antidote for organophosphate poisoning, effectively reactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE) that has been inhibited by nerve agents. It achieves this reactivation through a direct nucleophilic attack of its oxime moiety on the phosphorus center of the bound nerve agent, restoring AChE function.