cognitive-enhancing

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Atomoxetine hydrochloride (LY 139603) is the hydrochloride salt of atomoxetine, a phenoxy-3-propylamine derivative and selective non-stimulant, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with cognitive-enhancing activity. Although its precise mechanism of action is unknown, atomoxetine appears to selectively inhibit the pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporter, resulting in inhibition of the presynaptic reabsorption of norepinephrine and prolongation of norepinephrine activity in the synaptic cleft. The effect on cognitive brain function may result in improved attention and decreased impulsivity and activity levels.

Sunifiram (DM-235) is a potent nootropic agent, known for enhancing cognitive functions, memory, and learning abilities through modulating neurotransmitter activity, particularly via the AMPA receptor.

Sabeluzole (R-58735) has antiepileptic and cognitive enhancing effects, inhibits neurotoxin-induced tau expression and cell death.Sabeluzole is protective against chlordiazepoxide-induced habituation disorders and may be useful in the study of Alzheimer's disease.

Lecozotan HCl (SRA-333) is a potent and selective 5-HT antagonist that significantly enhances KCl-stimulated glutamate and acetylcholine release from the hippocampal dentate gyrus and has cognitive enhancing properties. Chronic administration of Lecozotan HCl did not induce 5-HT(1A) receptor tolerance or desensitization in a behavioral model demonstrating 5-HT(1A) receptor function.

S 18986 is a selective, orally active, brain-penetrant positive allosteric modulator of AMPA-type receptors that enhances cognition in rodents by inducing the release of noradrenaline and acetylcholine in the rat hippocampus, subsequently improving object-recognition memory.

ABT-418 hydrochloride is a selective agonist of nAChRs with cognitive enhancing and anxiolytic activities. It activates cholinergic channel and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.

Linopirdine (DuP 996) is a TRPV1 agonist. Linopirdine is an orally active and selective M-type K+ current (IM; Kv7; KCNQ Channels) inhibitor (IC50: 2.4 μM). Linopirdine is a cognitive enhancer. It acts by stimulating release of acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters.Linopirdine is a putative cognition-enhancing drug that increases acetylcholine release in rat brain tissue.

FK962 is an somatostatin release enhancer , exerts cognitive-enhancing actions.

FK962 is an enhancer of somatostatin release, which exerts cognitive-enhancing actions in rats. FK960 increases synaptic density in the hippocampal CA3 region of aged rats.

Yonkenafil (Tunodafil), a novel phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, effectively reduces cerebral infarction, neurological deficits, edema, and neuronal damage in the infarcted area, potentially enhancing cognitive function through neurogenesis modulation and offering therapeutic effects on Alzheimer's disease.

(-)-Huperzine A (HupA) , an active Lycopodium alkaloid extracted from the traditional Chinese herb, is a potent, selective and reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor and has been widely used in China for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Irdabisant (CEP-26401) (CEP-26401) is a selective, orally active and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant antagonist inverse agonist of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) (rat H3R Ki= 7.2 nM, human H3R Ki= 2.0 nM). Irdabisant exhibits relatively low inhibitory activity against hERG current (IC50= 13.8 μM). Irdabisant exhibits cognition-enhancing and wake-promoting activities in the rat social recognition model. Irdabisant can be used for research on schizophrenia or cognitive impairment.

AQW-051 fumarate is an α7 nicotinic ACh receptor partial agonist that may act as a cognitive-enhancing agent.

FR-194921 is a potent, selective, and orally active antagonist for central adenosine A1 receptors with cognitive-enhancing and anxiolytic activity. FR194921 has same binding affinity profile among human, rat, and mouse.