corn

Corn oil can be used as a carrier for drug molecules and extracted from the germ of corn.

Corn starch is a natural product.

1. Cornuside (Comuside) has immunomodulatory activity . 2. Cornuside suppresses expression levels of cytokine-induced proinflammatory and adhesion molecules in the human endothelial cells. 3. Cornuside can treat myocardial I/R and protect the liver from CCl4-induced acute hepatotoxicity, by reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammatory responses. 4. Cornuside has anti-inflammatory activity by downregulations of iNOS and COX-2 due to NF-κB inhibition as well as the negative regulation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK1/2 phosphorylations in RAW 264.7 cells. 5. Cornuside has protective potential against cerebral ischemic injury, may be due to the suppression of intracellular Ca(2+) elevation and caspase-3 activity, and improvements in mitochondrial energy metabolism and antioxidant properties.

Zeatin is a cytokinin derived from adenine. Zeatin was discovered in immature corn kernels from the genus Zea. It promotes growth of lateral buds and when sprayed on meristems stimulates cell division to produce bushier plants.

Epicornuin F, a prenylated flavonoid extracted from the leaves of Epimedium brevicornu, exhibits cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells, with an IC50 of 33.4 μM, and holds potential for cancer research [1].

Brevicornin is a natural product from Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.

Tioxazafen is a disubstituted oxadiazole, and is a broad-spectrum seed treatment nematicide.

Picornain 3C, a protease present in picornaviruses, exhibits endopeptidase activity by specifically cleaving Gln-Gly bonds within the poliovirus polyprotein and, through substitution, cleaves Glu for Gln, and Ser or Thr for Gly in other picornaviruses. This protease operates on non-terminal sequences and intermediates between serine peptidase chymotrypsin and cysteine peptidase papain, showcasing its role in viral polyprotein processing [1].

Cornucervine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T125053.

Cornoside and Iridoids are chemosystematic markers.

Tereticornate A is a natural product of Eucalyptus, Myrtaceae. The catalog number is TN5127 and the CAS number is 149751-81-5. Tereticornate A can be used as a reference standard.

Cornigerine is a natural product analog of colchicine produced by Colchicum cornigerum that inhibited tubulin polymerization both with and without microtubule-associated proteins, inhibited the binding of radiolabeled colchicine to tubulin, and stimulated tubulin-dependent GTP hydrolysis.

Bitis Cornuta (Many-horned Adder) Venom, sourced from Bitis Cornuta, comprises snake venom phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) toxins that exhibit anticoagulant properties by inhibiting the prothrombinase complex, consequently promoting clot formation through the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin [1].

Cornutaside C is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T126508 and the CAS number is 102848-64-6.

Dehydrotriferulic acid (8-O-4,8-O-4) is a compound extractable from the saponified insoluble fiber of corn bran [1].

4-deoxy Nivalenol-13C15is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 4-deoxy nivalenol by GC- or LC-MS. 4-deoxy Nivalenol is a trichothecene mycotoxin that has been found inFusarium.1It binds to eukaryotic ribosomes and inhibits protein synthesis in mice when administered at doses ranging from 5 to 25 mg/kg. 4-deoxy Nivalenol (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg) induces emesis in pigs and decreases feed consumption in pigs when administered at a dose of 40 ppb in the diet.2It induces lethality in mice (LD50= 46-78 mg/kg).34-deoxy Nivalenol has been found inF. graminearum-infected cereal grains such as wheat, barley, and corn. 1.Pestka, J.J., and Smolinski, A.T.Deoxynivalenol: Toxicology and potential effects on humansJ.Toxicol.Environ.Health B.Crit.Rev.8(1)39-69(2005) 2.Forsyth, D.M., Yoshizawa, T., Morooka, N., et al.Emetic and refusal activity of deoxynivalenol to swineAppl. Environ. Microbiol.34(5)547-552(1977) 3.Pestka, J.J.Deoxynivalenol: Mechanisms of action, human exposure, and toxicological relevanceArch. Toxicol.84(9)663-679(2010)

Maysin, a neuroprotective C-glycosyl-flavone isolated from corn silk, exhibits protective activity against Syn amyloid aggregates-oligomers and fibrils-induced damage. It prevents oxidative stress and imbalance of intracellular calcium homeostasis by activating an autophagic degradative process. Maysin is utilized in Parkinson's disease (PD) research [1].

Saflufenacil is a uracil-based herbicide used to control annual broadleaf weeds in soybeans and corn.

9-cis-Vitamin A palmitate (9-cis-Retinyl palmitate) is a 9-cis isomer resulting from the interaction of vitamin A palmitate in corn flakes. It exhibits a biological activity of 26% compared to all-trans-vitamin A palmitate, which is known to be the most biologically active form of vitamin A.

PPO-IN-4 (Compound 2i) is a potent inhibitor of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) and has potential as a herbicide for use in wheat, corn, and paddy fields [1].

1,2,3-Triundecanoyl glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains undecanoic acid at thesn-1,sn-2, andsn-3 positions. Dietary administration of a 7:3 (w/w) mixture of 1,2,3-triundecanoyl glycerol and corn oil prevents fasting-induced decreases in plasma glucose, alanine, and insulin levels, as well as the ratio of insulin to glucagon, in rats compared with dietary administration of corn oil alone.1 1.Pi-Sunyer, F.X., Conway, J.M., Lavau, M., et al.Glucagon, insulin, and gluconeogenesis in fasted odd carbon fatty acid-enriched ratsAm. J. Physiol.231(2)366-369(1976)

12-oxo-13-HOME is an oxylipin derived from linoleic acid .1It is formedviaa 13-HpODE intermediate that is produced by lipoxygenase-mediated metabolism of linoleic acid.2,3,112-oxo-13-HOME has been found in corn and sunflower seedlings.4 1.Ogorodnikova, A.V., Gorina, S.S., Mukhtarova, L.S., et al.Stereospecific biosynthesis of (9S,13S)-10-oxo-phytoenoic acid in young maize rootsBiochim. Biophys. Acta1851(9)1262-1270(2015) 2.Veldink, G.A., and Vliegenthart, J.F.G.The enzymic conversions of 13-hydroperoxy-cis-9-trans-11-octadecadienoic acid into 13-hydroxy-12-oxo-cis-9-octadecenoic acidBiochem. J.110(4)58P(1968) 3.Gardner, H.W.Sequential enzymes of linoleic acid oxidation in corn germ: Lipoxygenase and linoleate hydroperoxide isomeraseJ. Lipid Res.11(4)311-321(1970) 4.Vick, B.A., and Zimmerman, D.C.Levels of oxygenated fatty acids in young corn and sunflower plantsPlant Physiol.69(5)1103-1108(1982)

POL, a prevalent triglyceride component in various seed and vegetable oils such as olive, sesame, soybean, canola, corn, and hazelnut, is standardly utilized in the USP analysis of sesame oil for pharmaceutical applications.

Picarbutrazox, a potent pesticide and fungicide, effectively controls Pythium and Phytophthora in corn and soybean crops. Its application extends to agricultural production and control [1] [2].

Dihydroxyaflavinine is a fungal toxin, it inhibits non-competitively GABAA receptor channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes.Dihydroxyaflavinine shows oral toxicity to the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and corn earworm (Heliothis zea).

Dimboa (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one) is an antifungal compound used in crops.

1,2-Dilinoleoyl-3-α-linolenoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol featuring linoleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and α-linolenic acid at the sn-3 position, identified within corn and soybean oils.

13-epi-12-oxo Phytodienoic acid (13-epi-12-oxo PDA) is a lipoxygenase metabolite of α-linolenic acid in the leaves of green plants such as corn. ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants are substrates for plant lipoxygenases. 12-oxo PDA is one of the best studied end metabolites of this enzymatic pathway. While the initial enzymatic product and major isomer of 12-oxo PDA contains side chains in the cis position, both being β to the ring, the upper side chain attached at C-13, can and frequently does, isomerize when 12-oxo PDA is extracted, isolated, or stored. 13-epi-12-oxo PDA is the product of this isomerization.

13-cis-Vitamin A palmitate (13-cis-Retinyl palmitate), a derivative of vitamin A palmitate found in corn flakes, is the 13-cis isomer exhibiting 75% of the biological activity of all-trans-vitamin A palmitate, which is the most active form of vitamin A [1].

Multifungin (Bromochlorosalicylanilide) is an antifungal that studies oral candidiasis. It reduces the number of fungal populations in corn during storage and prevents the formation and accumulation of zearalenone.

1,2-Dioleoyl-3-stearoyl-rac-glycerol, a triacylglycerol, features oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions and stearic acid at the sn-3 position. This compound is present in sunflower, corn, and soybean oils, as well as in ostrich oil.

Versicolorin A is a potential indicator of aflatoxin contamination in corn stored in granary.

Topramezone, a highly effective 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (4-HPPD) inhibitor, functions as a herbicide for the post-emergence eradication of broadleaf and grass weeds in corn [1].

(+)-γ-Tocopherol ((+)-γ-Tocopherol) is one of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. It is the most abundant Tocopherol in soybean and corn oils.

Kitazine is an organophosphorus chemical fungicide. It is mainly used to control rice blast and has a certain effect on rice Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, sheath blight, corn leaf spot, and spot disease.

α-Cyclodextrin (Alfadex) is a soluble fiber derived from corn and has beneficial effects on weight management in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Buthidazole is a herbicide for selective weed control in corn.

Cycloechinulin is a diketopiperazine fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. ochraceus. It reduces weight gain of corn earworms by 33% compared to controls when used at a dose of 100 ppm in the diet.

Nicosulfuron (Milagro) is a pesticide that works by inhibiting the acetolactate synthase enzyme. Nicosulfuron has not been found to induce mutagenic or carcinogenic effects. Nicosulfuron is a herbicide to protect corn crops from weeds.