mevalonate pathway

Farnesyl pyrophosphate (Farnesyl diphosphate), a 15-carbon isoprenoid derived from the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, acts as a metabolic intermediary. It serves as a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, facilitating the opening of TRPM2 channels for ion influx. Additionally, it plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, ubiquinones, and geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), as well as in the process of protein farnesylation decoration [1].

Mevalonic acid 5-pyrophosphate (also known as 5-Diphosphomevalonic acid) tetralithium is an endogenous metabolite involved in the mevalonate pathway.

Geranyl pyrophosphate is an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway. It is formed from dimethylallyl pyrophosphate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate by geranyl pyrophosphate synthase. Geranyl pyrophosphate is used in the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate , geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate , cholesterol, terpenes, and terpenoids.

DL-Mevalonolactone, a human endogenous metabolite, is the δ-lactone form of mevalonate, a precursor of the mevalonate pathway. It reduces mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), Ca2+ retention and NAD(P)H levels in the brain, and also induces mitochondrial swelling.DL-Mevalonolactone induces inflammation and oxidative stress, and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential.

DMAPP triammonium (Dimethylallyl diphosphate triammonium) is one of the prerequisite substances for an isoprenoid involved in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway, which can be used in the study of metabolism-related diseases.

Antimalarial agent 18, a powerful antimalarial compound characterized by its electronic, highly lipophilic, and siderophoric properties, falls within the acyloxymethyl series, acting as a fosmidomycin surrogate. It effectively inhibits the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway by targeting the IspC enzyme. This compound demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against P. falciparum (IC50 = 50 nM) and A. baumanii (IC50 = 390 nM).

N6-Isopentenyladenosine, an end product of the mevalonate pathway, is an autophagy inhibitor with anti-melanoma activity. N6-Isopentenyladenosine, an RNA modification found in cytokinins, regulates plant growth/differentiation and improves the efficiency

Mevalonic acid is essential for cell growth and proliferation,Mevalonic acid is a precursor in the mevalonate pathway.

Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) is an isoprenoid found in fruits, vegetables, and grains, including rice. Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of various tumor cells. Geranylgeraniol (FT0626663) protects monocytes against statin-induced cytotoxicity and suppresses the growth of Mycobacterium.

FR900098 is a derivative of fosmidomycin that has antimalarial activity (IC50s = 170, 170, and 90 nM for HB3, A2, and Dd2 P. falciparum strains, respectively). FR900098 inhibits DOXP reductoisomerase, a key enzyme in the non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. FR900098 (>10 mg/kg, i.p.) eradicated P. vinckei parasites within four days in mice.