r-linolenic acid

(R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (D-Pyroglutamic acid) is a cyclic derivative of glutamic acid, physiologically present in mammalian tissues. It releases GABA from the cerebral cortex and exhibits anti-anxiety effects in a simple approach-avoidance conflict situation in rats. In clinical pharmacology experiments, it significantly shortens the plasma half-life of ethanol during acute intoxication.

3-hydroxybutyric acid is involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Like the other ketone bodies (acetoacetate and acetone), levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate are raised in the blood and urine in ketosis. Beta-hydroxybutyrate is a typical pa

(R)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (D-Proline) is an isomer of the naturally occurring amino acid L-Proline. D-amino acids, including D-Proline, are found in relatively high abundance in human plasma and saliva, potentially originating from bacterial sources or endogenous production via amino acid racemase activity.

α-Linolenic acid (Alpha-Linolenic Acid) is an essential fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 fatty acids group. It is highly concentrated in certain plant oils and has been reported to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting in reduced inflammation and prevention of certain chronic diseases.

gamma-Linolenic acid (gamolenic acid), is an unsaturated fatty acid synthesized from linoleic acid (LA) by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase. Research on hepatocellular cell lines has shown γ-Linolenic Acid to have induced reactive oxygen species generation including lipid peroxidation, cell growth inhibition, and heme oxygenase-1 production for antioxidant protection against oxidative stress. Further experiments have noted that γ-Linolenic acid inhibits inflammatory responses through inactivation of NFκB and activator protein-1 by suppressed oxidative stress.

(R)-(-)-Gossypol acetic acid (AT101 acetate), the R-(-) enantiomer of Gossypol acetic acid, binds with Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1 with Ki values of 0.32 μM, 0.48 μM, and 0.18 μM, respectively; it does not inhibit the BIR3 domain or BID. [Phase 2]

γ-Linolenic Acid methyl ester (Methyl gamma-linolenate) is a weak leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor antagonist.

Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) is a fatty acid widely found in plants with antitumor and antiproliferative effects, inhibits the growth of xenograft tumor cells, and can be used in the study of inflammation-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, and atopic dermatitis.

R-30-Hydroxygambogic acid, a polyprenylated xanthone epimer isolated from the gamboge of Garcinia hanburyi, exhibits cytotoxicity against human leukemia K562 cell lines, with IC50 values of 2.89 μM for the resistant strain (K562/R) and 1.27 μM for the sensitive strain (K562/S). This compound is utilized in cancer research [1].

Ganoderic acid R, exhibiting notable anticancer properties, effectively hampers tumor growth through apoptosis induction in both multidrug resistance (MDR) tumor cell line (KB-A-1/Dox) and sensitive tumor cell line (KB-A-1), demonstrating significant cytotoxicity.

(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium, catalog number T67002, is a natural product used for research in life sciences.

(R)-Leucic acid is a metabolite of the amino acid.