retinoblastoma

ARID4B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 32.8 kDa and the accession number is Q4LE39.

RBBP7 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 63.8 kDa and the accession number is Q16576.

Serine hydrolase whose substrates have not been identified yet. May negatively regulate basal or autocrine TGF-beta signaling by suppressing SMAD2-SMAD3 phosphorylation. May play a role in the transformation process due to its capacity to confer resistance to the growth-inhibitory effects of TGF-beta through interaction with RB1 and the subsequent displacement of E2F1. RBBP9 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 22.4 kDa and the accession number is O88851.

RBL2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

RbAp48 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50 kDa and the accession number is Q09028-1.

RbAp48 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50 kDa and the accession number is Q09028-1.

DDX1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli.

Gankyrin is a multicatalytic proteinase oncoprotein consists of 7 ankyrin repeats. Gankyrin overexpressed in most hepatocellular carcinomas. Gankyrin is involved in theregulation of the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein by CDK4 to enhance the ubiquitinylation of p53 by MDM2. Gankyrin is also involved in progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Gankyrin plays an oncogenic role especially in early stages of human epatocarcinogenesis.

CDK4 is a member of the Ser Thr protein kinase family. It is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28 and S. pombe cdc2. It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. The activity of CDK4 is restricted to the G1-S phase, which is controlled by the regulatory subunits D-type cyclins and CDK inhibitor p16(INK4a). CDK4 was shown to be responsible for the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma gene product. CDK4 is the ser Thr-kinase component of cyclin D-CDK4 (DC) complexes that phosphorylate and inhibit members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulate the cell-cycle during G(1) S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB E2F complexes and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. CDK4 has been shown to be mutated in some types of cancer, whilst a chromosomal rearrangement can lead to Cdk6 overexpression in lymphoma, leukemia and melanoma.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy

Serpin F1 is secreted Neurotrophic protein and belongs to the serpin family. Serpin F1 Highly expressed in the liver, gastric glandular mucosa and renal tubules. It is also expressed in the brain, heart, lung retina and testes. It induces extensive neuronal differentiation in retinoblastoma cells. It is potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. As it does not undergo the S (stressed) to R (relaxed) conformational transition characteristic of active serpins, exhibits no serine protease inhibitory activity.

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2D(also known as CDKN2D or p19ink4d), a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, negatively regulates the cyclin D-CDK4 6 complexes, which promote G1 S transition by phosphorylating the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene product. It is clearly shown that DNA repair is the main target of p19ink4d effect and that diminished apoptosis is a downstream event. Experiments has uncovered a role of p19INK4d as a regulator of DNA-damage-induced apoptosis and suggest that it protects cells from undergoing apoptosis by allowing a more efficient DNA repair. It has been demonstrated that p19INK4d expression enhances cell survival under genotoxic conditions. Previous work has shown that inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p19(Ink4d) leads to progressive hearing loss attributable to inappropriate DNA replication and subsequent apoptosis of hair cells. It may also involved in male reproductive function including testicular atrophy, alteration in serum follicle stimulating hormone, qualitative increase in germ cell apoptosis, and delayed kinetics of meiotic prophase markers.

Esterase D, also known as ESD, is a serine hydrolase that belongs to the esterase D family. Esterase D is active toward numerous substrates including O-acetylated sialic acids, and it may be involved in the recycling of sialic acids. Esterase D gene is used as a genetic marker and a diagnostic tool for retinoblastoma, Wilson's disease and other hereditary or acquired diseases controlled by genes located at the 13 chromosome 13q14 region.

Human Esterase D is a cytoplasmic serine hydrolase that belongs to the esterase D family. Esterase D is involved in the detoxification of formaldehyde. Esterase D plays a part in a variety of substrates, including O-acetylated sialic acids, which may involves in the recycling of sialic acids. Esterase D is used as a genetic marker for retinoblastoma and Wilson’s disease.

CCND2，also known as G1 S-specific cyclin-D2，is a member of the highly conserved cyclin family. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. This cyclin forms a complex with and functions as a regulatory subunit of CDK4 or CDK6, whose activity is required for cell cycle G1 S transition. CCND2 is involved in a number of fundamental biological processes such as phosphorylating and inhibiting members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulating the cell-cycle during G1 S transition. It is also substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G1 phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D2 CDK4 CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex.

Serpins are the largest and most diverse family of serine protease inhibitors which are involved in some fundamental biological processes such as blood coagulation, complement activation, fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor suppression and are expressed in a cell-specific manner.SerpinB2, also known as Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2, Placental plasminogen activator inhibitor, Monocyte Arg-serpin, Urokinase inhibitor and PAI2, is a cytoplasm protein that belongs to the serpin family and Ov-serpin subfamily. SerpinB2 is a major product of activated monocytes and macrophages and is substantially induced during most inflammatory processes. Distinct from its widely described extracellular role as an inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator. SerpinB2 has been shown to have an intracellular role as a retinoblastoma protein (Rb)-binding protein that inhibits Rb degradation. SerpinB2 is widely described as an inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator. SerpinB2 inhibits urokinase-type plasminogen activator. The monocyte derived SerpinB2 is distinct from the endothelial cell-derived PAI-1. SerpinB2 is a potentially important inducible host factor that significantly promotes HIV-1 replication.

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 Inhibitor C (CDKN2C) is a member of the INK4 family of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. CDKN2C contains 4 ANK repeats and interacts with CDK4 or CDK6. Highest levels of CDKN2C can be found in skeletal muscle, pancreas, and heart. CDKN2C inhibits cell growth and proliferation with a correlated dependence on endogenous retinoblastoma protein RB and prevent the activation of the CDK kinases. Studies have been shown the roles of CDKN2C gene in regulating spermatogenesis, as well as in suppressing tumorigenesis.