vitamin b12

Cyanocobalamin is a cobalt-containing coordination compound generated by intestinal microbes and a natural water-soluble vitamin of the B-complex family that must combine with Intrinsic Factor for absorption by the intestine. Cyanocobalamin is necessary for hematopoiesis, neural metabolism, DNA, and RNA production, and carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. B12 improves iron functions in the metabolic cycle and assists folic acid in choline synthesis. B12 metabolism is interconnected with that of folic acid. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency causes pernicious anemia, megaloblastic anemia, and neurologic lesions.

Methylcobalamin (Brassinolide) is one active form of vitamin B12 which can directly participate in homocysteine metabolism. It is used to treat some nutritional diseases and other diseases in clinic, such as Alzheimer's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

Tenacigenin B, a component of the plant Poria cocos, is identified as 3-O-β-Allopyranosyl-(1→4).

Adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) is a biologically active form of vitamin B12 .It is a cofactor for methylmalonyl CoA mutase. It belongs to the corrinoid group of compounds, which contain a corrin macrocycle, and is produced only by certain bacteria and archaea. It is a cofactor for various enzymes including mutases, eliminases, aminomutases, and a reductase.

2'-Deoxyuridine (2-deoxyuridine). An antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemias due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.

Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12a) is a naturally occurring, injectable form of vitamin B12 used as a dietary supplement to treat B12 deficiency, including pernicious anemia, and is known for its favorable adverse effect profile [1] [2].

Methylmalonyl-CoA tetralithium, also known as Methylmalonyl coenzyme A, serves as a metabolic byproduct derived from the breakdown of valine, isoleucine, methionine, threonine, odd-chain fatty acids, and cholesterol. It is converted into succinyl-CoA through the enzymatic activity of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) in the presence of the coenzyme vitamin B12 [1].

Hydroxocobalamin monohydrochloride is an injectable naturally occurring form of vitamin B12. It is used as a dietary supplement in the treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia.

Succinyl-Coenzyme A sodium salt(Succinyl-CoA sodium salt) participates in the citric acid cycle, where it is converted to succinic acid.Succinyl-Coenzyme A (sodium salt) is involved in a variety of metabolic reactions in living organisms, and plays an important role in the body.Succinyl-Coenzyme A (sodium salt) is involved in heme synthesis. Succinyl-Coenzyme A (sodium salt) is involved in the synthesis of hemoglobin and is used in the study of metabolic, neurological, and hematological disorders caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency, which results in a deficiency in Succinyl-Coenzyme A synthesis.

Nervon, a crystalline cerebroside, is utilized in the investigation of peripheral neuropathy and megaloblastic anemia caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency.