adenosine 5'-triphosphate

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) is a dinucleotide cap analog employed in the process of in vitro RNA transcription.

N7-Methylguanosine-5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine (m7GpppA) diammonium, a dinucleotide cap analog, facilitates in vitro RNA transcription [1].

Adenosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATPγS), an agonist of the purinergic P2Y11 receptor, prompts inositol phosphate accumulation in CHO-K1 cells harboring the human or canine P2Y11 receptor with EC50 values of 1.2 and 19.3 µM, respectively. At a concentration of 10 µM, ATPγS mitigates Junin virus-induced mRNA boosts pertaining to bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) and diminishes particle forming units (PFUs) in infected primary rat osteoblasts. Furthermore, when applied at 25 µM, it triggers insulin secretion in MIN6 pancreatic β-cells.

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate-5'-adenosine, known as a 5′ cap analog, serves as a fluorescent substrate analog.

ATP disodium trihydrate (Adenosine-5'-triphosphate disodium trihydrate) is an important substance for energy storage and metabolism in the body. It is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation, which provides energy for the body's metabolism and also acts as a coenzyme in cells.

ATP disodium salt (Adenosine-Triphosphate) is a P2 purinoceptor agonist.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) provides cellular energy, participates in overall energy balance, and maintains intracellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule through interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a variety of processes including neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodeling.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt (ADP sodium salt) is an adenine nucleotide that is phosphorylated into ATP by ATPase. This phosphorylation is a key part of cellular homeostatis as it allows for energy storage and is involved in nucleic acid metabolism. ADP affects platelet activation through its interaction with ADP receptors P2Y1, P2Y12 and P2X1. Upon its conversion to adenosine by ecto-ADPases, platelet activation is inhibited via adenosine receptors.

Cytidine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt is one of the endogenous metabolites and is a cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channel agonist.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) is a naturally occurring nucleotide derived from the dephosphorylation of ATP. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate is essential for cellular metabolism and induces platelet aggregation.

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt (5'-GTP trisodium salt) activates signal-transducing G proteins involved in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and activation of intracellular kinase cascades. It regulates proliferation and apoptosis through the hydrolysis by small GTPases Ras and Rho, and plays a role in vesicle docking, fusion, and formation via Rab. Additionally, GTP serves as an energy-rich precursor for the biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.

Adenosine receptor A1 antagonist 5 acts as an adenosine antagonist, is an oxypurine, acts as an insecticide and pest control agent, and has an inhibitory effect on elevated blood pressure.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate (5'-AMP) , also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-.

Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) trisodium salt) is one of the four natural deoxynucleotides. It is used for the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid by DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase.

Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate is an inhibitor of ecto-5’-nucleotidase, also known as CD73, with a Kivalue of 37 nM.1It inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by adenosine 5’-monophosphate , adenosine 5’-diphosphate , or adenosine 5’-triphosphate but not adenosine in VA-13 human fibroblasts when used at a concentration of 100 μM. Adenosine 5’-methylenediphosphate reduces proliferation of U138MG glioma cells, as well as inhibits the invasion and migration of MHCC97H hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in a migration assay.2,3It increases tumor infiltration of CD3+CD8+T cells and reduces tumor growth in a K1735 murine melanoma model when administered at a dose of 400 μg/mouse.4 1.Bruns, R.F.Adenosine receptor activation by adenine nucleotides requires conversion of the nucleotides to adenosineNaunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.315(1)5-13(1980) 2.Braganhol, E., Tamajusuku, A.S.K., Bernardi, A., et al.Ecto-5′-nucleotidase/CD73 inhibition by quercetin in the human U138MG glioma cell lineBiochim. Biophys. Acta1770(9)1352-1359(2007) 3.Shali, S., Yu, J., Zhang, X., et al.Ecto\5′\nucleotidase (CD73) is a potential target of hepatocellular carcinomaJ. Cell Physiol.234(7)10248-10259(2018) 4.Forte, G., Sorrentino, R., Montinaro, A., et al.Inhibition of CD73 improves B cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity in a mouse model of melanomaJ. Immunol.189(5)2226-2233(2021)

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleotide and derivative of the nucleic acid adenosine 5'-triphosphate .1dATP is a substrate for DNA polymerase in the synthesis of DNA.2It is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductases, which provides feedback inhibition during DNA synthesis.1dATP has commonly been used in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and labeling in research applications.3,4dATP accumulates in adenosine deaminase deficiency, a disorder characterized by mutations in the gene for adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine.5 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Key steps in nucleotide biosynthesis are regulated by feedback inhibitionBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.DNA is replicated by polymerases that take instructions from templatesBiochemistry(2002) 3.Cadwell, R.C., and Joyce, G.F.Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesisPCR Methods Appl.2(1)28-33(1992) 4.Steffens, D.L., Jang, G.Y., Sutter, S.L., et al.An infrared fluorescent dATP for labeling DNAGenome Res.5(4)393-399(1995) 5.Flinn, A.M., and Gennery, A.R.Adenosine deaminase deficiency: A reviewOrphanet J. Rare Dis.13(1)65(2018)

6-Chloropurine riboside-5'-triphosphate serves as both an inhibitor and an activator in biochemical processes. It inhibits the RNA triphosphatase mRNA-capping enzyme subunit β (Cet1; IC50 = 2 µM for the GTPase activity of the S. cerevisiae enzyme), proving its efficacy against the enzyme responsible for the capping of mRNA molecules. Additionally, it acts as a phosphorylated derivative of 6-chloropurine riboside. This compound also activates the E. coli enzyme aspartate carbamoyltransferase (EC50 = 0.76 mM), demonstrating its versatility in modulating enzyme activities. It is instrumental in the synthesis of cytokinins with anticancer properties and a photoclickable form of ATP, highlighting its applications in biochemical synthesis and potential therapeutic uses.

3'-O-Methylguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (3'-O-methyl GTP), a methylated derivative of GTP, serves as a chain termination reagent in synthesizing early RNA polymerase II elongation intermediates.

2-Amino-3',5'-di-O-acetyl-N6,N6-dimethyl-2'-O-methyl adenosine is a Nucleoside Derivative - 6-Modified purine nucleoside; 2'-Modified nucleoside.

Nucleoside Derivatives - 3’-Modified nucleosides; Protected nucleosides with NH2/OH open; Ready for phosphorylation

Adenosine 5′-monophosphoramidate sodium is a derivative of adenosine used as an intermediate for nucleotide synthesis. It significantly influences the accumulation of cyclic AMP.

Nucleoside Derivatives - 3’-Modified nucleosides; Protected nucleosides w/NH/OH open

2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl adenosine is a Nucleoside.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt (Adenosine Phosphate Disodium) is a purine nucleotide involved in ATP metabolism and is used to study the effects of ATP on cells and organisms. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt has been shown to have a variety of biochemical and physiological effects. It has been shown to increase cell metabolism, gene expression, and protein synthesis.

5-Methylcytidine 5′-triphosphate (5-Methyl-CTP), a modified nucleoside triphosphate, enhances translational properties and stability while reducing innate immune responses in human and other mammalian cells when replacing unmodified mRNA [1].

2’-Fluoro-2’-deoxy-arabinoadenosine 5’-triphosphate (triethylamine) is a purine nucleoside analog with significant antitumor properties, particularly effective against indolent lymphoid malignancies, primarily by inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis among other mechanisms [1].

Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate essential for DNA synthesis.

BVDU 5′-Triphosphate is an antiviral agent labeled with 5′-Triphosphate that specifically targets viral DNA polymerase. It exhibits outstanding selectivity for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) owing to its phosphorylation by the virus-specific thymidine kinase.

Uridine 5′-triphosphate tris salt (Uridine 5'-triphosphoric acid) is an agonist to the P2Y receptor and has been used to study concentrations of intracellular Ca2+, as well as a phosphate donor for in vitro kinase assays.

Rp-Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (Rp-ATP-α-S), a sulfur-containing nucleotide derivative isomer and a purinergic P2Y1 receptor agonist, promotes calcium mobilization in HEK293 cells expressing the human P2Y1 receptor (EC50 = 75 nM). This compound exhibits binding affinity to washed isolated human platelets (Ki = 156 nM) and attenuates ADP-induced aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP; pA2 = 4.74), as well as inhibits cAMP production triggered by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in human PRP (pA2 = 5.26). Furthermore, it triggers relaxation in carbamoylcholine-constricted guinea pig taenia coli strips (EC50 = 56 nM). Rp-ATP-α-S also contributes to the synthesis of cyclic dinucleotides, recognized by bacterial riboswitches.

3'-Amino-3'-deoxyguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (3'-amino-dGTP), an amine-modified nucleotide, effectively terminates RNA strand synthesis as catalyzed by RNA polymerase in E. coli. This compound has also been utilized in creating a non-hydrolyzable derivative of the alarmone guanosine pentaphosphate (pppGpp).

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoroadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate is a fluorinated analog of ATP, the pivotal energy substrate for cellular metabolism, and acts as an inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase (Ki = 200 µM).

Adenosine 5’-monophosphate triethylammonium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is TNU1647.

4'-Azidothymidine 5'-triphosphate exerts selectively action on both reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human DNA polymerases alpha and beta.

2'-O-Methyl-5-methyluridine 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is a Nucleoside Triphosphate.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate disodium salt has been shown to inhibit the binding of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) to 5-HT2 receptors, which are present in heart tissue.

Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate sodium salt is an inhibitor of hydroxysteroid sulfotransferases, which are adenine nucleotides containing a phosphate group at the 3' and 5' positions of the pentose ribose.Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate (sodium salt) is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor of sulfotransferases (SULTs). diphosphate disodium is the product of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfonate (PAPS), a cofactor for sulfotransferases (SULTs), which has been used to study the kinetic properties and structure of SULTs.

4-Thiouridine 5′-triphosphate tetralithium (4-Thio-UTP), a potent P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptor agonist, exhibits EC50 values of 35 nM for hP2Y2 and 350 nM for hP2Y4. It is utilized in crosslinking experiments and labeling of transcriptional complexes [1] [2].

5’-modified nucleoside; halo-nucleoside

N6-Bz-5'-O-DMTr-2'-O-hexadecanyl adenosine 3'-CED phosphoramidite, with catalog number TNU1652 and CAS number 2382942-35-8, is an essential organic compound used in life sciences research.

3',5'-TIPS-N-Ac-Adenosine is a nucleoside derivative—a protected nucleoside with NH2 OH open (Nucleoside Derivative).

Uridine 5'-triphosphate tris salt is an endogenous metabolite.

2’-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)guanosine 5’-triphosphate (ammonium), a purine nucleoside analog, exhibits significant antitumor properties, especially against indolent lymphoid malignancies, by inhibiting DNA synthesis and inducing apoptosis, among other mechanisms [1].

Nucleoside; Used for nucleoside modification

5-Azacytidine 5′-triphosphate (5-aza-CMP), a cytidine analog, selectively inhibits the incorporation of [^3H]CTP into RNA during the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase reaction without affecting the incorporation of [^3H]UTP [1].

'3'-Deoxyuridine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (3'-dUTP trisodium) is a nucleotide analogue that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I and II by competitively blocking UTP incorporation into RNA with a dissociation constant (Ki) of 2.0 μM[1].

Adenosine 2',5'-diphosphate sodium is a competitive P2Y1 antagonist and exhibits non-selective antagonism at both recombinant and human platelet P2X1 receptors.

Sp-Adenosine-5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (Sp-ATP-α-S), an isomer of the ATP-α-S sulfur-containing nucleotide derivative and a purinergic P2Y1 receptor agonist, effectively increases calcium mobilization in HEK293 cells harboring the P2Y1 receptor with an EC50 of 9.4 nM for the human receptor. It also inhibits ADP-induced human isolated platelet aggregation with a Ki value of 4 μM and prompts relaxation in carbamoylcholine-tightened guinea pig taenia coli, achieving an EC50 of 426 nM.

Isoguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate, an isomer of guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) and a phosphorylated derivative of crotonoside, does not promote microtubule assembly like GTP. At a concentration of 2 mM, it hampers transcription and triggers T to C mutations in reverse transcriptase assays. This compound aids in assessing the substrate specificity of both phosphofructokinase and mutT homolog 1 (MTH1).

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt (5'-GTP disodium salt) is an enhancer of myogenic cell differentiation and serves as an energy source for translation and other critical cellular processes.