biguanide

Biguanide can reduce oxidative stress in rats with hyperglycemia.

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)biguanide hydrochloride is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T67045 and the CAS number is 4022-81-5.

Poly (hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T65926.

Compound PDK0269, as 5-HT3 receptor agonists(3–100 μM, pEC50 5.05±0.06), acutely increased XII (hypoglossal) burst frequency and regularity, and decreased bursts/episode . Phenylbiguanide produced a dose-related (10-500 microM) increase in the release of dopamine (280-2000%). When nomifensine (5 microM) was included in the Ringer solution, the effect of Compound PDK0269 on the release of dopamine was ameliorated or inhibited.

Chlorhexidine diacetate (Bactigras) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Proguanil hydrochloride (Chloroquanil) is a biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.Upon hydrolysis, Proguanil hydrochloride is converted to its active cyclic triazine metabolite, cycloguanil, by a cytochrome P450 dependent reaction. Cycloguanil selectively inhibits the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase of plasmodium parasite, thereby disrupting deoxythymidylate synthesis and ultimately blocking DNA and protein synthesis in the parasite.

Poly(hexamethylenebiguanide) hydrochloride, serving as an antimicrobial agent, finds applications across various fields including medical, apparel, and household textiles [1].

5-HT3 receptor agonist

Phenylbiguanide (N-Phenylbiguanide) is a 5-HT3 receptor selective agonist(EC50 : 3.0±0.1 μM)

Chlorhexidine (Rotersept) is a biguanide compound used as an antiseptic agent with topical antibacterial activity. Chlorhexidine is positively charged and reacts with the negatively charged microbial cell surface, thereby destroying the integrity of the cell membrane. Subsequently, chlorhexidine penetrates into the cell and causes leakage of intracellular components leading to cell death. Since gram-positive bacteria are more negatively charged, they are more sensitive to this agent.

Phenformin (BRN 1977317) is a biguanide compound with anticancer and anti-glycemic activity, inhibits skin tumor growth and promotes keratinocyte differentiation and apoptosis.

Chlorhexidine-d8 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of chlorhexidine by GC- or LC-MS. Chlorhexidine is a bis(biguanide) antimicrobial disinfectant and antiseptic agent. It inhibits growth of clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (MIC90 = 4 μg/ml). It is also active against canine isolates of MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), and methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP; MIC90s = 4, 2, 2, and 1 mg/L, respectively). Chlorhexidine inhibits growth of E. faecium strains (MICs = 1.2-19.6 μg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC = 5.15 μg/ml). It generates cations that bind to and destabilize the bacterial cell wall to induce death.6 Chlorhexidine also completely inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 when used at concentrations of 0.0001 and 0.002%, respectively, in a gelatin degradation assay. Formulations containing chlorhexidine have been used in antisept......

Picloxydine is a heterocyclic biguanide with antiplaque and antibacterial activity.

Metformin hydroxy analog 2, an oxidation product of the biguanide metformin (1), represents a chemically transformed variant of the original compound, showcasing a modified molecular structure through the process of oxidation.

Buformin hydrochloride (NSC-528218) is a potent AMPK activator,an oral antidiabetic drug of the biguanide class. Buformin delays the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake into cells and inhibits synthesis of glucose by the liver. Biguanides may antagonize the action of glucagon, thus reducing fasting glucose levels.

Phenformin hydrochloride (Phenformin HCl) is an agent belonging to the biguanide class of antidiabetics with antihyperglycemic activity.

Proguanil-d6 HCl is a deuterated compound of Proguanil HCl. Proguanil HCl has a CAS number of 637-32-1. Proguanil Hydrochloride is a biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.Upon hydrolysis, proguanil is converted to its active cyclic triazine metabolite, cycloguanil, by a cytochrome P450 dependent reaction. Cycloguanil selectively inhibits the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase of plasmodium parasite, thereby disrupting deoxythymidylate synthesis and ultimately blocking DNA and protein synthesis in the parasite.

LCC-12, a derivative of the biguanide metformin, acts as a copper (II) chelator. It efficiently forms a monomeric bond with copper (II) and at 20 µM, it mitigates hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidation from NADH to NAD+. At a concentration of 10 µM, LCC-12 significantly reduces the secretion of cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, along with the downregulation of JAK2, STAT2, and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) in primary human cytokine-activated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Additionally, it decreases the presence of CD80+ and CD86+ within these macrophages at 10 µM. When administered at 0.3 mg/kg per day, LCC-12 enhances survival rates in mouse models exposed to sepsis, triggered either by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or cecal ligation and puncture.

Buformin (1-butylbiguanide) is an oral antidiabetic drug of the biguanide class. It also inhibits the synthesis of glucose by the liver. Buformin delays absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract increases insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake