cation

Tetrabutylphosphonium cation is a light orange solid and is the salt of the liphilic tetrabutylammonium cation and linear tribromide anion.

Calmidazolium (cation) is a powerful inhibitor of or red blood cell Ca -ATPase & Ca transport into inside-out red blood cell vesicles; an antagonist of calmodulin.

LX-201 cation is a bioactive chemical.

Laurolinium is an antimicrobial.

Lauralkonium is a bioactive chemical.

Lapyrium is a cationic surfactant that is used in personal care products as a biocide and antistatic. It is also used by the chloride salt, lapyrium chloride, in waste-water treatment and corrosion inhibition formulations.

Laudexium is a neuromuscular blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs. It is used adjunctively in surgical anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle re

Trimipramine maleate (Surmontil maleate) appears to inhibit serotonin transport and norepinephrine uptake by nerve terminals. This increases available norepinephrine or serotonin and prolongs its action. Trimipramine Maleate is the maleate salt form of trimipramine, a tricyclic secondary amine of the dibenzazepine class, with an antidepressant property.

Tetraethylammonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound. It is a non-selective potassium channel blocker. It is a good substrate for organic cation transporter proteins and has antitumor properties.

Prazosin hydrochloride (Vasoflex) reduces peripheral resistance and relaxes vascular smooth muscles as a selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist by a mechanism not completely known. Prazosin hydrochloride is a synthetic piperazine derivative with hypotensive antiadrenergic properties, It is used in the treatment of heart failure, hypertension, pheochromocytoma, Raynaud's syndrome, prostatic hypertrophy, and urinary retention.

Trimethoprim (NSC-106568) is a Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor Antibacterial. The mechanism of action of trimethoprim is as a Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 2C8 Inhibitor, and Organic Cation Transporter 2 Inhibitor.

Cytidine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt is one of the endogenous metabolites and is a cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channel agonist.

Denatonium benzoate (THS-839) , a quaternary ammonium cation, is a compound of a salt with an inert anion like saccharide or benzoate. Its structure is involved in the local anesthetic lidocaine which difference only is the addition of a benzyl group to the amino nitrogen.

Lanthanum(III) chloride is an inorganic compound which used in biochemical research to block the activity of divalent cation channels, especially calcium channels.

Pinokalant (LOE-908) is a novel non-selective cation channel inhibitor.Pinokalant significantly reduces cortical infarct volume in in vivo experiments, improves the metabolic and electrophysiological status of the ischemic penumbra region, and reduces the size of the lesion on magnetic resonance images in the acute phase after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.Pinokalant is a potential SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitor for the study of stroke.

CALP1 acetate is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (Kd of 88 µM) that binds to the CaM EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site. CALP1 blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC50 of 44.78 µM) by inhibiting the open of calcium channel. CALP1 blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity.

ASM-024, a potent nicotinic receptor agonist, is a small molecule synthetic piperazine compound that promotes different targets and signaling pathways of β2-adrenergic receptors mediating smooth muscle relaxation, and is a potential compound for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis with anti-inflammatory activity.

Broad spectrum cation channel blocker .This compound is unstable in powder form and other related salt forms are recommended.

Cemdisiran, an investigational N-acetylgalactosamine-conjugated RNAi (RNA interference) agent with terminal sugar modification, is a small interfering RNA (siRNA) designed to specifically target and suppress the C5 mRNA, thereby reducing the liver's production of the complement component C5 [1].

Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin, a protein of 583 amino acids with three homologous alpha structural domains, exhibits significant neuroprotective effects against ischemic stroke when used in conjunction with Tanshinone IIA [1].

PKC-ε Translocation Inhibitor Peptide is a selective modulator that controls the FcγR-mediated internalization rate of opsonized beads without affecting FcαR trafficking [1].

(E)-Cardamonin (Alpinetin chalcone) is a chalconoid that has been isolated from several plants including Alpinia katsumadai and Alpinia conchigera. It is a novel antagonist of hTRPA1 cation channel with an IC50 of 454 nM. It has received growing attention from the scientific community due to the expectations toward its benefits to human health.

EIPA (L593754) (L593754, MH 12-43) is a TRPP3 channel inhibitor (IC50: 10.5 μM). It also inhibits Na+/H+-exchanger (NHE) and macropinocytosis.

MitoTEMPOL is a mitochondria-targeting superoxide dismutase mimetic that reduces mitochondrial O2- to H2O2. Like the related compound MitoTEMPO , MitoTEMPOL combines an antioxidant moiety (here, TEMPOL, also known as 4-hydroxy-TEMPO) with the lipophilic cation triphenylphosphonium, which allows it to pass through lipid bilayers and accumulate in mitochondria. MitoTEMPOL has been used to elucidate the role of mitochondria-derived superoxide in mitochondrial, cellular, and whole animal signaling.

Pyr10 is a pyrazole derivative and a selective TRP cation 3 inhibitor that distinguishes between receptor-operated TRPC3 and native stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) Orai1 channels. Pyr10 inhibits Ca2+ influx in carbachol-stimulated TRPC3-transfected HEK293 cells (IC50: 0.72 μM) and has an IC50 of 13.08 μM for store-operated Ca2+ entry in BRL-2H3 cells.

AS1269574 (AS 1269574) is a potent, orally available GPR119 agonist with potential for type 2 diabetes research.

D-Tetrahydropalmatine is a organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) inhibitor, it can obviously inhibit the uptake of monocrotaline (MCT) in MDCK-hOCT1 cells and isolate rat primary hepatocytes, and attenuate the viability reduction and LDH release of the prim

9-Phenanthrol is inhibitor of the transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM) channel, a Ca2+ -activated non-selective cation channel.

Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Oenin chloride) has antioxidant activity, alone is not oxidized in the presence of grape polyphenol oxidase. Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride's color stabilization at a higher pH can be explained by self-aggregation of the flavylium cation and copigmentation with the Z-chalcone form.

TRV120027 TFA is a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) and engages ß-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling.

TRPM4-IN-1 (4-chloro-2-(2-(2-chlorophenoxy)acetamido)benzoic acid) is a potent and selective inhibitor of TRPM4 with an IC50 of 1.5 μM.

RN-1747 is a selective transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 agonist (EC50: hTRPV4 of 0.77 μM, mTRPV4 of 4.0 μM, and rTRPV4 of 4.1 μM) and also acts as an antagonist for TRPM8 (IC50: 4 μM).

AZ12099548 is a transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) antagonist.

6-Hydroxy Buspirone, an active metabolite of the anxiolytic compound buspirone, is produced via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A4. This compound exhibits affinity for the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A, demonstrating efficacy in the rat hippocampus and dorsal raphe with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) of 4 and 1 µM, respectively. Furthermore, 6-Hydroxy Buspirone acts as a potent antagonist against dopamine D2, D3, and D4 receptors with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 3.1, 4.9, and 0.85 µM, respectively, and inhibits the organic cation transporters 1 (OCT1), OCT2, and OCT3 in S2 proximal tubule cells expressing human transporters, showcasing a concentration-dependent mechanism.

MitoA is a ratiometric mass spectrometry probe that can be used for assessing changes in H2S within mitochondria in vivo. MitoA contains a triphenylphosphonium cation component that drives its accumulation in mitochondria where its aryl azide moiety selectively reacts with H2S to produce an amine product, MitoN. Quantifying the MitoN/MitoA ratio by LC-MS/MS reflects the mitochondrial matrix H2S concentration. In a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction with MitoA administered prior to ischemia, the MitoN/MitoA ratio is increased only in the region of ischemia.

SOR-C13 is an inhibitor of transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid family member 6 (TRPV6, CaT1 or CATL) with potential antineoplastic activity. TRPV6 calcium channel inhibitor SOR-C13 binds to TRPV6 and prevents the influx of calcium ions into TRPV6-expressing tumor cells. This inhibits the activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription complex which may result in an inhibition of calcium-dependent cancer cell proliferation and an induction of apoptosis in tumor cells overexpressing TRPV6.

TRPM4 inhibitor 8 is an inhibitor of Transient receptor potential melastatin 4(TRPM4) which contributes to viability, migration, cell cycle shift, and adhesion.

Calcimycin (A-23187) hemicalcium salt is an antibiotic and a unique divalent cation ionophore (like calcium and magnesium). It induces Ca2+-dependent cell death by increasing intracellular calcium concentration.

Trimipramine N-oxide, an active metabolite of the tricyclic antidepressant trimipramine, effectively inhibits human monoamine transporters for noradrenaline (hNAT), serotonin (hSERT), dopamine (hDAT), and the human organic cation transporters (hOCT1 and hOCT2), with IC50 values of 11.7, 3.59, 9.4, 9.35, and 27.4 nM, respectively. It is utilized in the research of depression and anxiety [1].

Mitoquinol, a ubiquinone derivative, specifically accumulates in mitochondria due to the covalent attachment of the cation triphenylphosphonium. Mitoquinol is an antioxidant, protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage and preventing lipid peroxidation-

(+)-Afzelechin has a neuroprotective effect on the glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells, it has ABTS cation radical scavenging effects with IC50 values of 23.7 microM

D-GsMTx4 TFA, a selective spider venom peptide, is a TRPC1/6 and Piezo2 inhibitor that inhibits cation-permeable mechanosensitive channels (MSCs) belonging to the Piezo and TRP channel families, blocks cation-selective stretch-activated channels (SACs), and attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced astrocyte toxicity and microglia reactivity. toxicity and microglia reactivity.D-GsMTx4 TFA prevented myocardial infarction in a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion and can be used to characterize the role of excitatory MSCs in normal physiology and pathology.

INCB-39110 is a JAK1 inhibitor.

Mesendogen is an inhibitor of TRPM6. Mesendogen alters magnesium homeostasis, promotes mesoderm and definitive endoderm differentiation.

Calcimycin (A-23187) hemimagnesium, an antibiotic and divalent cation ionophore (such as calcium and magnesium), serves various biological roles. It triggers Ca2+-dependent cell death by elevating intracellular calcium levels and suppresses the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and certain fungi. Additionally, this compound hinders ATPase activity and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mammalian cells, ultimately leading to apoptosis [1] [2] [3] [4].

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (UXSi-9) is a novel selective cation exchanger and a K+ binder that can be used to remove excess K+ from the body and can be used in the treatment of hyperkalemia.

Bacitracin complex is a bacitracin antibiotic complex composed of cyclic dipeptides that has been found inBacillus.1It is metal-dependent and is complexed to a divalent metal cation, such as Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, or Mn2+, for its activity.1,2Bacitracin complex is a mixture of bacitracin polypeptides in complex with copper. 1.Piacham, T., Isarankura-Na-Ayudhya, C., Nantasenamat, C., et al.Metalloantibiotic Mn(II)-bacitracin complex mimicking manganese superoxide dismutaseBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.341(4)925-930(2006) 2.Rodríguez-Uribe, N.A., Pérez-González, R., Domínguez-Mendoza, B.E., et al.Metallobacitracins: Affinity and structural study in aqueous solutionInorg. Chem. Commun.10461-70(2019)

Dequalinium is a quaternary ammonium cation and bolaamphiphile commonly available as the dichloride salt. The bromide, iodide, acetate, and undecenoate salts are known as well.

Lipoxygenin is an inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) with an IC50value of 5 μM for inhibition of 5-LO product synthesis in isolated human granulocytes stimulated with the cation ionophore A23187 .1It inhibits hedgehog-dependent signaling in Shh-LIGHT2 cells and TGF-β-, activin A-, bone morphogenic protein (BMP)-, or Wnt-dependent signaling in HEK293T cells (IC50s = 9.3, 3.2, 8.2, 9.6, and 3.7 μM, respectively, in luciferase reporter assays). Lipoxygenin (5 and 10 μM) increases levels of troponin T (TnnT), a marker of cardiomyocyte differentiation, in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) stimulated with BMP4 and the glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitor CHIR99021 .

Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose sodium (ADP ribose sodium) is a metabolite of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NAD+), which is widely present in organisms.Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose sodium (ADP ribose sodium) is a potent intracellular Ca2+-permeable cation TRPM2 channel activator. Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose sodium (ADP ribose sodium) is a potent intracellular Ca2+ permeable cation TRPM2 channel activator that also induces autophagy.)