dpph radical

DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a cell-permeable, stable free radical commonly used to evaluate the free radical scavenging ability, hydrogen donation capacity of compounds, and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extracts.

Antiarol (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol) is a member of aromatic phenols and exhibits moderate DPPH free radical scavenging activity.

(S)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxypropionic acid ((S)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid) (compound 1) is a metabolite found in the culture medium of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, exhibiting significant DPPH radical-scavenging and antioxidative activities.

MHLWAAK, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capabilities. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against H2O2-induced oxidative damage [1].

Methyl brevifolincarboxylate (Brevifolincarboxylic acid methyl ester) is a potent influenza virus PB2 cap-binding inhibitor, exhibiting inhibitory activity against influenza virus A Puerto Rico 8 34 (H1N1) and A Aichi 2 68 (H3N2) with IC50s of 27.16 μM and 33.41 μM, respectively, and possessing anti-oxidant activity[1][2].

Isoscoparin-2''-Beta-D-glucopyranoside shows prominent free radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay.

Corchoionoside C has antioxidant activity, shows strong scavenging activities on DPPH radical, it also shows weak antifungal activity. Corchoionosides A, B, and C inhibit the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction.

8-Prenyldaidzein has cytotoxic properties against P-388 cells, its IC 50 values 5.82 ug/mL, it also exhibits very high antioxidant activity against DPPH radical scavenging.

Cistanoside F shows vasorelaxant, and antioxidative effects, it shows a strong free radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and xanthine xanthine oxidase (XOD) generated superoxide anion radical (O2-.).

Ferroptosis-IN-3 (Compound 25), a ferroptosis inhibitor, demonstrates potent activity by inhibiting RSL3-induced ferroptosis in HT-1080 cells (EC50: 8.6 nM). It exhibits radical scavenging abilities against DPPH and ABTS (EC50: 3.94 and 6.3 μM, respectively), and effectively reduces lipid peroxidation [1].

Quercetin-3-o-rutinose has antioxidative activity, it exerts strong DPPH radical-scavenging activity.

Glabranin has antimicrobial activity, it shows significant activities on DPPH free radical with the IC50 value of 240.20 ug ml. Glabranin or a derivative thereof could be used to stimulate hair growth. Glabranine exerts a dose-dependent inhibitory effect

5-Hydroxyoxindole has been identified as a urinary metabolite of indole, which is produced from tryptophane via the tryptophanase activity of gut bacteria [1]. 5-Hydroxyoxindole has lipid peroxidation inhibition activity and free radical DPPH scavenging

Flavipin, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) agonist, activates Ahr downstream gene expression in mouse CD4+ T cells and CD11b+ macrophages. This compound disrupts the stabilizing effect of Arid5a on the newly identified target mRNA, Il23a 3′UTR. Additionally, Flavipin demonstrates significant antioxidant properties, evidenced by its DPPH free radical scavenging capability with an IC50 value of 7.2 μM, and exhibits potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 33.8 μM.

Epirosmanol is a diterpenoid containing a lactone moiety. Epirosmanol is a very weakly basic (essentially neutral) compound (based on its pKa).

1. Nepitrin (Nepetin-7-glucoside) has antioxidant activity in human HL6 cells assessed as reduction of cytochrome-c release, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, and inhibition of TPA-induced free radical formation.

Maritimein, an aurone isolated from Coreopsis tinctoria, exhibits significant diphenyl(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 4.12 μM. It is utilized in cardiovascular disease research [1].

Chrysophanol 8-O-β-D-(6’-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside, a potent anthraquinone glucoside derived from Rheum undulatum L., exhibits significant DPPH radical and superoxide anion (O2-) scavenging activity [1].

Cyclobisdemethoxycurcumin exhibits antioxidant properties, demonstrated by its half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of approximately 250 μM in the DPPH radical scavenging assay and 15-20 μM in the 2-DR oxidation assay [1].

(+)-1-Hydroxypinoresinol 1-O-beta-D-glucoside exhibits peroxynitrite, total ROS and DPPH radical scavenging activities with IC50 values of 3.23 +/- 0.04, 2.26 +/- 0.07 and 32.3 +/- 0.13 microM, respectively.

Putraflavone possesses a good antioxidant activity via its DPPH free radical scavenging.

Isothymusin( MIC= 200 microg/mL) exhibits inhibition activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It ( IC50=7.7 microg/mL ) exhibits antioxidant activity against the radical scavenging ability of DPPH.

4-O-Galloylbergenin shows significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity with EC50 7.8 uM, it shows more antioxidant activity than the positive control vitamin C (EC50 = 28.3 uM).

Broussoflavonol F has antiplatelet effect, is partially due to an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase, can inhibit arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Broussoflavonol F shows inhibitory activities on mushroom tyrosinase. Broussoflavonol F

Flemiphilippin A has antioxidant activity, it shows DPPH radical scavenging activity with effective half maximal concentration (EC50) of 18.36 ug mL. Flemiphilippinin A (5 ug mL) exhibits some level of antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carci

3,3'-Di-O-methylellagic acid exhibits moderate antibacterial activity and strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (SC50 of 123.3 ug mL), while demonstrating a lower capacity to stimulate murine peritoneal macrophages to release nitric oxide and tumoural-alpha necrose factor.

Okanin shows significant activities on both linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition and DPPH radical scavenging effect.

Isookanin shows strong diphenyl(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity with the IC50 value of 7.9 ± 0.53 μM. Isookanin is a potent inhibitor of α-amylase (IC50=0.447 mg ml).

Tubuloside A ( 8.6 microM) can inhibit D-galactosamine-induced death of hepatocytes. Tubuloside A has NO radical-scavenging activity, which possibly contributes to its anti-inflammatory effects.Tubuloside A shows stronger free radical scavenging activitie

MDYYFEER TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capability. This compound effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

Cochliodinol (compound 1), a metabolite of Apis mellifera ligustica, exhibits potent free radical scavenging activity, characterized by an IC50 value of 3.06 μg/mL against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) [1].

DTUN is a lipophilic hyponitrite radical initiator.1It initiates co-autoxidation of STY-BODIPY-embedded egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes when used at a concentration of 0.2 mM. DTUN has been used in fluorescence-enabled inhibited autoxidation (FENIX) assays for the development of ferroptosis inhibitors and the study of antioxidants in lipid membranes.1,2 1.Shah, R., Farmer, L.A., Zilka, O., et al.Beyond DPPH: Use of fluorescence-enabled inhibited autoxidation to predict oxidative cell death rescueCell Chem. Biol.26(11)1594-1607(2019) 2.Soula, M., Weber, R.A., Zilka, O., et al.Metabolic determinants of cancer cell sensitivity to canonical ferroptosis inducersNat. Chem. Biol.16(12)1351-1360(2020)

4'-O-Methyllicoflavanone is isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina orientalis and shows antioxidant activity against DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 648.1 μM.

6-O-Vanilloylajugol demonstrates scavenging properties toward the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

Alloisoimperatorin is a candidate of AChE inhibitors, it displays potent antioxidant effects against the DPPH radical and against renal epithelial cell injury by using AAPH to generate peroxyl radicals in vitro. Alloisoimperatorin has estrogenic activity

(-)-Olivil displays a higher antioxidative effect against the free radical DPPH.

Persicoside exhibits radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

Pyracrenic acid is a potent elastase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.5 mg/mL. Pyracrenic acid shows DPPH radical scavenging activity. It also shows significant cytotoxic activities against human cancer cells COLO 205 and AGS.

Heveaflavone inhibits Topoisomerase I and scavenges DPPH free radical with anti-proliferation and antioxidant effects.

N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid is a derivative of aspartic acid, synthesized in neurons from the amino acid aspartic acid and acetyl coenzyme A. N-Acetyl-L-aspartic acid has antioxidant activity.

N-trans-Feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine shows significantly DPPH radical scavenging activities.

Isorabaichromone exhibits potent antioxidative properties, including DPPH radical and superoxide anion scavenging activities [1].

POPi (phloridzin oxidation product i) is a colorless oxidation product of phloridzin, catalyzed by apple polyphenol oxidase, with DPPH radical scavenging activity. It is utilized in antioxidant research.

MHLWAAK TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

PD07 is an orally active acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, exhibiting an IC50 of 0.29 μM against human AChE, and demonstrates inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs), β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) with an IC50 of 13.42 μM, as well as Aβ1–42 aggregation in vitro. Additionally, PD07 possesses antioxidant properties with a DPPH radical inhibition IC50 value of 26.46 μM and has been shown to ameliorate memory and cognitive deficits in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats. This compound is relevant for Alzheimer’s disease research [1].

Aspulvinone O is a fungal metabolite that has been found in P. variotti and has antioxidant and anticancer activities.1,2 It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 11.6 μM).1 Aspulvinone O inhibits aspartate transaminase 1 (GOT1; Kd = 3.32 μM) and is cytotoxic to PANC-1, AsPC-1, and SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 20.54-26.8 μM).2 It reduces the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and induces apoptosis in SW1990 cells. Aspulvinone O (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) reduces tumor growth in an SW1990 mouse xenograft model. |1. Zhang, P., Li, X.-M., Wang, J.-N., et al. New butenolide derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Paecilomyces variotii with DPPH radical scavenging activity. Phytochem. Lett. 11, 85-88 (2015).|2. Sun, W., Luan, S., Qi, C., et al. Aspulvinone O, a natural inhibitor of GOT1 suppresses pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells growth by interfering glutamine metabolism. Cell Commun. Signal. 17(1), 111 (2019).

Luteolin 5-O-α2-glucopyranoside has antioxidant activity, it can inhibit lipid peroxidation, and has DPPH radical-scavenging activity.

Flavoglaucin exhibits significant inhibitory effects on PTP1B, the IC50 value of 13.4, micrometer; it also shows good binding affinity for human opioid or cannabinoid receptors. Flavoglaucin appears to be an antitumor promoter, it also has anti-inflammato