D75-4590 is a β-1,6-Glucan inhibitor. As glucan is a major component of the cell wall, specifically β-1,6-Glucan, D75-4590 can fight fungal infections by inhibiting its synthetase.

APX2039 is an orally active fungal Gwt1 enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug of the novel Gwt2096 inhibitor APX1.APX2039 exhibits potent anti-Kryptococcal activity against C. neoformans and C. gattii.APX2039 exhibits potent antifungal activity and blocks the localization of GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) anchored cell wall mannoproteins. APX2039 has potent antifungal activity and blocks the localization of GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-anchored cell wall mannoproteins.APX2039 can be used to study cryptococcal meningitis (CM).

Caspofungin Acetate (MK 0991) is the acetate salt of an antimycotic echinocandin lipopeptide, semisynthetically derived from a fermentation product of the fungus Glarea lozoyensis. This agent is active against Aspergillus and Candida species.

Deoxylapachol has anti-wood rot activity, it can inhibit the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum sepiarium CBS 353.74 and Gloeophyllum trabeum CBS 318.50 and the white rot fungi Merulius tremellosus CBS 280.73 and Phlebia brevispora CBS 509.92. It also can induc

Pyrimorph is a fungicide with high activity against the plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici. Pyrimorph inhibited different stages in the life cycle of P. capsici including mycelial growth, sporangium production, zoospore release, and cystospore germination with EC(50) values of 1.84, 0.17, 4.92, and 0.09 microg mL(-1), respectively.

Antifungal agent 73 (compound A32) effectively combats azole-resistant candidiasis by disrupting the fungal cell wall and membrane. It demonstrates potent in vivo activity against pathogenic fungi, including fluconazole-resistant strains [1].

Sulconazole mononitrate (Exelderm) is the nitrate salt form of sulconazole, a synthetic imidazole derivative with the antifungal property. Sulconazole mononitrate inhibits fungal cytochrome P-450 sterol C-14 alpha-demethylation, resulting in the accumulation of fungal 14 alpha-methyl sterols and inhibition of the synthesis of ergosterol, an important component of the fungal cell membrane. Inhibition of ergosterol synthesis leads to a disruption of cell membrane permeability, and ultimately inhibition of cell wall synthesis. In addition, Sulconazole mononitrate seems to interfere with the autolytic degradation of fungal DNA and RNA.

Dimethomorph is a morpholine fungicide belonging to the fungicide group of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors that inhibits fungal cell wall formation. Dimethomorph inhibits mycelial growth of the oomycete fungi, P. citrophthora, P. parasitica, P. capsici, and P. infestans ( EC 50 s=0.1, 0.38, <0.1, and 0.16-0.3 μg/mL, respectively), but is less active against the green algae species C. vulgaris or S. obliquus in vitro (EC 50 s=47.46 and 44.87 μg/mL, respectively). Dimethomorph inhibits androgen receptor (AR) activity in a reporter assay in MDA-kb2 human breast cancer cells but not in a yeast antiandrogen screen ( IC 20 s=0.263 and 38.5 μM, respectively).

Epoxiconazole (BAS-480F) is a 14-α demethylase inhibitor. It inhibits ergosterol synthesis and fungal cell wall formation.

Chitin synthase inhibitor 5 effectively blocks chitin synthase, a key enzyme in fungal cell wall formation, with a low IC50 value of 0.14 mM. Chitin synthase inhibitor 5 demonstrates broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus species, and Cryptococcus neoformans.

Tioconazole (Vagistat) is a synthetic imidazole derivative, inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting loss of essential intracellular elements.

4-Methylcinnamic acid is a cinnamic acid analog that can be used as an intervention catalyst to overcome antifungal tolerance. 4-Methylcinnamic acid can improve the potency of cell wall-disrupting agents.

Enfumafungin, a triterpene glycoside extracted from Hormonema carpetanum fungus, acts as an antifungal by inhibiting (1,3)-beta-D-glucan synthase, crucial for fungal cell wall synthesis. It selectively targets yeasts and fungi, excluding Cryptococcus, without affecting Bacillus subtilis growth [1] [2].

Puupehenone is a natural heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitor, potentiating the echinocandin drug caspofungin in caspofungin-resistant fungal pathogens, blocking the induction of caspofungin-responding genes required for the adaptation to cell wall stress through the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway.

Terconazole (Terazol 7) is a synthetic triazole derivative structurally related to fluconazole, antifungal Terconazole seems to disrupt cell wall synthesis by inhibiting biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting loss of essential intracellular elements. Terconazole is active against Candida sp.

Myclobutanil hydroxide is a 14-α demethylase inhibitor that inhibits ergosterol synthesis and fungal cell wall formation. It also weakly inhibits testosterone production.