NPDC1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.9 kDa and the accession number is Q9NQX5.

CDH13, also known as cadherin-13 and H Cadherin, is a member of the cadherin superfamily. CDH13 acts as a negative regulator of axon growth during neural differentiation. It also protects vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis due to oxidative stress, and is associated with resistance to atherosclerosis. CDH13 is localized to the surface of the cell membrane and is anchored by a GPI moiety, rather than by a transmembrane domain. CDH13 gene is hypermethylated in many types of cancer. H Cadherin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 100.6 kDa and the accession number is Q9WTR5.

CDH13, also known as cadherin-13 and H Cadherin, is a member of the cadherin superfamily. CDH13 acts as a negative regulator of axon growth during neural differentiation. It also protects vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis due to oxidative stress, and is associated with resistance to atherosclerosis. CDH13 is localized to the surface of the cell membrane and is anchored by a GPI moiety, rather than by a transmembrane domain. CDH13 gene is hypermethylated in many types of cancer. H Cadherin Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 74.9 kDa and the accession number is A0A096MK38.

CDH13, also known as cadherin-13 and H Cadherin, is a member of the cadherin superfamily. CDH13 acts as a negative regulator of axon growth during neural differentiation. It also protects vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis due to oxidative stress, and is associated with resistance to atherosclerosis. CDH13 is localized to the surface of the cell membrane and is anchored by a GPI moiety, rather than by a transmembrane domain. CDH13 gene is hypermethylated in many types of cancer. H Cadherin Protein, Rat, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 74.3 kDa and the accession number is A0A096MK38.

Glia maturation factor beta (GMFB) contains a ADF-H domain，which is a member of the actin-binding proteins ADF family, GMF subfamily. It is a nerve growth factor implicated in nervous system development, angiogenesis and immune function. GMFB causes differentiation of brain cells, stimulation of neural regeneration, and inhibition of proliferation of tumor cells. It is phosphorylated after phorbol ester stimulation, and is crucial for the nervous system. GMFB overexpression in astrocytes results in the increase of BDNF production. GMFB expression is increased by exercise, thus BDNF is important for exercise-induction of BDNF.

Immunoglobulin Superfamily Member 8 (IGSF8) is a single-pass membrane protein. IGSF8 contains four Ig-like C2 type domains. The Ig-like C2-type domains 3 and 4 are required for interactions with CD81. IGSF8 may regulate proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. IGSF8 may participate in the regulation of neurite outgrowth and maintenance of the neural network in the adult brain. It also may play a role on integrin-dependent morphology and motility functions.

S100 protein is a family of low molecular weight protein found in vertebrates characterized by two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. There are at least 21 different S100 proteins, and the name is derived from the fact that the protein is 100% soluble in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH. Most S100 proteins are disulfide-linked homodimer, and is normally present in cells derived from the neural crest, chondrocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc. S1 proteins have been implicated in a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They are involved in regulation of protein phosphorylation, transcription factors, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, enzyme activities, cell growth and differentiation, and the inflammatory response. Protein S100-A10, also known as Calpactin I light chain, Cellular ligand of annexin II, S100 calcium-binding protein A10, p10 protein, p11, ANX2LG and S100A10, is a member of the S100 family of small, dimeric EF hand-type Ca(2+)-binding proteins that generally modulate cellular target proteins in response to intracellular Ca(2+) signals. In contrast to all other S100 proteins, S100A10 is Ca(2+) insensitive because of amino acid replacements in its Ca(2+)-binding loops that lock the protein in a permanently active state. S100A10 forms a heterotetramer with annexin IIH and promotes carcinoma invasion and metastasis by plasminogen activation. S100A10 and annexin II contribute to the aggressive characteristics of anaplastic carcinoma, while playing a constitutive role in papillary carcinoma. S100A10 induces the dimerization of ANXA2 / p36, it may function as a regulator of protein phosphorylation in that the ANXA2 monomer is the preferred target of tyrosine-specific kinase. S100A10 functions as a linker tethering certain transmembrane proteins to annexin A2 thereby assisting their traffic to the plasma membrane and/or their firm anchorage at certain membrane sites.

S100 protein is a family of low molecular weight protein found in vertebrates characterized by two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. There are at least 21 different S100 proteins, and the name is derived from the fact that the protein is 100% soluble in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH. Most S100 proteins are disulfide-linked homodimer, and is normally present in cells derived from the neural crest, chondrocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc. S100 proteins have been implicated in a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They are involved in regulation of protein phosphorylation, transcription factors, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, enzyme activities, cell growth and differentiation, and the inflammatory response. Protein S100-A12, also known as S100 calcium-binding protein A12, Calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid 1, Calgranulin-C, and S100A12, is a member of the S-101 family. Like the majority of S100 proteins, S100A12 is a dimer, with the interface between the two subunits being composed mostly of hydrophobic residues. The fold of S100A12 is similar to the other known crystal and solution structures of S100 proteins, except for the linker region between the two EF-hand motifs. S100A12 plays an important role in the inflammatory response.

Neuromodulin, also known as Axonal membrane protein GAP-43, Growth-associated protein 43, Neural phosphoprotein B-5, pp46 and GAP43, is a cell membrane protein which belongs to theneuromodulin family. Neuromodulin / GAP43 contains oneIQ domain. Neuromodulin / GAP43 is associated with nerve growth. It is a major component of the motile growth cones that form the tips of elongating axons. Neuromodulin / GAP43 is involved in neurite outgrowth, a crucial process for the differentiation of neurons. The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the main cause of postneonatal infant death and its cause is still unknown. Neuromodulin / GAP43 is a marker of synaptic plasticity and is critical for normal development of the serotonergic innervation. Neuromodulin / GAP43 is a major cortical cytoskeleton-associated and calmodulin binding protein that is widely and abundantly expressed during development, maintained in selected brain structures in the adult, and reinduced during nerve regeneration. CAP23 and GAP43 are functionally related intrinsic determinants of anatomical plasticity. These proteins function by locally promoting subplasmalemmal actin cytoskeleton accumulation.

Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn is a member of the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, which is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells, in neural tissues liver, and adipose tissue. Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn has many functions. Lyn kinase may downregulate the expression of stem cell growth factor receptor (KIT). Lyn kinase Acts as an effector of EpoR (erythropoietin receptor) in controlling KIT expression and may play a central role in erythroid differentiation during the switch between proliferation and maturation. Lyn kinase also acts as a positive regulator of cell movement while negatively regulating adhesion to stromal cells by inhibiting the ICAM-1-binding activity of beta-2 integrins. Lyn kinase relays suppressing signals from the chemokine receptor CXCR4 to beta-2 integrin LFA-1 in hematopoietic precursors. This kinase is involved in the induction of stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK), but not ERK or p38 MAPK, in response to genotoxic agents. In a word, Lyn kinase functions primarily as a negative regulator, but can also function as an activator, depending on the context. Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn is Required for the initiation of the B-cell response, but also its down-regulation and termination. It also plays an important role in the regulation of B-cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis, and is important for immune self-tolerance. It has been reported that Lyn kinase plays a role in the inflammatory response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Lyn kinase Mediates the responses to cytokines and growth factors in hematopoietic progenitors, platelets, erythrocytes, and in mature myeloid cells, such as dendritic cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils.

GMFB is a nerve growth factor which belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family, GMF subfamily. GMFB is involved in nervous system development, angiogenesis and immune function. It is especially crucial for the nervous system. GMFB causes brain cell differentiation, stimulates neural regeneration and inhibits tumor cell proliferation. It contains 1 ADF-H domain and is phosphorylated after phorbol ester stimulation. GMFB overexpression in astrocytes results in the increase of BDNF production. GMFB expression is increased by exercise, thus BDNF is important for exercise-induction of BDNF.

Regulatory factor which is ligand for CMKLR2 and is involved in the modulation of neural stem-cell proliferation and differentiation.

Seems to antagonize the function of BMP4 by binding to it and preventing its interaction with receptors. Alters the fate commitment of neural stem cells from gliogenesis to neurogenesis. Contributes to neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in the brain by preventing the adoption of a glial fate. May play a crucial role in dorsoventral axis formation. Antagonizes the function of BMP7 and may thus play an important role in the embryonic bone formation. Shows no inhibitory effect on the inducing activity of BMP2. Plays a role during anterior segment eye development.

Growth/differentiation factor 11(GDF-11) is a secreted protein, which belongs to the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. GDF-11 controls anterior-posterior patterning by regulating the expression of Hox genes. The secreted signal acts globally to specify positional identity along the anterior/posterior axis during development. GDF11 has been shown to suppress neurogenesis through a pathway similar to that of myostatin, including stopping the progenitor cell-cycle during G-phase. The similarities between GDF11 and myostatin imply a likelihood that the same regulatory mechanisms are used to control tissue size during both muscular and neural development.

FGF basic is one of 22 mitogenic proteins of the FGF family, which show 35-60% amino acid conservation. Unlike other FGFs, FGF acidic and basic lack signal peptides and are secreted by an alternate pathway. The 17 kDa mouse sequence has 98% aa identity with rat, and 95% identity with human, bovine, and sheep FGF basic. Binding of FGF to heparin or cell surface HSPG is necessary for binding, dimerization and activation of tyrosine kinase FGF receptors. FGF basic binds other proteins, polysaccharides and lipids with lower affinity. Expression of FGF basic is nearly ubiquitous but disruption of the mouse FGF basic gene gives a relatively mild phenotype, suggesting compensation by other FGF family members. FGF basic modulates such normal processes as angiogenesis, wound healing and tissue repair, embryonic development and differentiation, neuronal function and neural degeneration. Transgenic overexpression of FGF basic results in excessive proliferation and angiogenesis is reminiscent of a variety of pathological conditions.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that is principally known for its role in erythropoiesis, where it is responsible for stimulating proliferation and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Erythropoietin is a member of the EPO/TPO family. It is a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The differentiation of CFU-E (Colony Forming Unit-Erythroid) cells into erythrocytes can only be accomplished in the presence of EPO. Physiological levels of EPO in adult mammals are maintained primarily by the kidneys, whereas levels in fetal or neonatal mammals are maintained by the liver. EPO also can exert various non-hematopoietic activities, including vascularization and proliferation of smooth muscle, neural protection during hypoxia, and stimulation of certain B cells. Genetic variation in erythropoietin is associated with susceptbility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 2. These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy.

METRN (Meteorin, Glial Cell Differentiation Regulator) is a Protein Coding gene. The encoded protein belongs to the meteorin family. It is broadly expressed in the brain, kidney, and other tissues. Meteorin is a novel secreted protein that is expressed in undifferentiated neural progenitors and the astrocyte lineage, including radial glia. It plays important role in the differentiation of glial cells and also in axonal network formation during neurogenesis. Meteorin selectively promoted astrocyte formation from mouse cerebrocortical neurospheres in differentiation culture, whereas it induced cerebellar astrocytes to become radial glia. Meteorin also induced axonal extension in small and intermediate neurons of sensory ganglia by activating nearby satellite glia.

CDH13, also known as cadherin-13 and H Cadherin, is a member of the cadherin superfamily. CDH13 acts as a negative regulator of axon growth during neural differentiation. It also protects vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis due to oxidative stress, and is associated with resistance to atherosclerosis. CDH13 is localized to the surface of the cell membrane and is anchored by a GPI moiety, rather than by a transmembrane domain. CDH13 gene is hypermethylated in many types of cancer. H Cadherin Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 100.5 kDa and the accession number is A0A096MK38.

CALEB also known as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)5 or neuroglycan C, is a neural chondroitin sulfate-containing and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-domain-containing transmembrane protein that is implicated in synaptic maturation. An involvement of CALEB in the presynaptic differentiation of cerebellar GABAergic synapses and revealed a new role for CALEB in synapse elimination in Purkinje cells.

CDH13, also known as cadherin-13 and H Cadherin, is a member of the cadherin superfamily. CDH13 acts as a negative regulator of axon growth during neural differentiation. It also protects vascular endothelial cells from apoptosis due to oxidative stress, and is associated with resistance to atherosclerosis. CDH13 is localized to the surface of the cell membrane and is anchored by a GPI moiety, rather than by a transmembrane domain. CDH13 gene is hypermethylated in many types of cancer. H Cadherin Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 75 kDa and the accession number is Q9WTR5.

RNA-binding protein that is involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs. Plays a role in the regulation of mRNA stability, alternative splicing and translation. Binds to AU-rich element (ARE) sequences in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs, including GAP43, VEGF, FOS, CDKN1A and ACHE mRNA. Many of the target mRNAs are coding for RNA-binding proteins, transcription factors and proteins involved in RNA processing and/or neuronal development and function. By binding to the mRNA 3'UTR, decreases mRNA deadenylation and thereby contributes to the stabilization of mRNA molecules and their protection from decay. Also binds to the polyadenylated (poly(A)) tail in the 3'UTR of mRNA, thereby increasing its affinity for mRNA binding. Mainly plays a role in neuron-specific RNA processing by stabilization of mRNAs such as GAP43, ACHE and mRNAs of other neuronal proteins, thereby contributing to the differentiation of neural progenitor cells, nervous system development, learning and memory mechanisms. Involved in the negative regulation of the proliferative activity of neuronal stem cells and in the positive regulation of neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells. Promotes neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult subventricular zone of the hippocampus by binding to and stabilizing SATB1 mRNA. Binds and stabilizes MSI1 mRNA in neural stem cells. Exhibits increased binding to ACHE mRNA during neuronal differentiation, thereby stabilizing ACHE mRNA and enhancing its expression. Protects CDKN1A mRNA from decay by binding to its 3'-UTR. May bind to APP and BACE1 mRNAS and the BACE1AS lncRNA and enhance their stabilization. Plays a role in neurite outgrowth and in the establishment and maturation of dendritic arbors, thereby contributing to neocortical and hippocampal circuitry function. Stabilizes GAP43 mRNA and protects it from decay during postembryonic development in the brain. By promoting the stabilization of GAP43 mRNA, plays a role in NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth. Binds to BDNF long 3'UTR mRNA, thereby leading to its stabilization and increased dendritic translation after activation of PKC. By increasing translation of BDNF after nerve injury, may contribute to nerve regeneration. Acts as a stabilizing factor by binding to the 3'UTR of NOVA1 mRNA, thereby increasing its translation and enhancing its functional activity in neuron-specific splicing. Stimulates translation of mRNA in a poly(A)- and cap-dependent manner, possibly by associating with the EIF4F cap-binding complex. May also negatively regulate translation by binding to the 5'UTR of Ins2 mRNA, thereby repressing its translation. Upon glucose stimulation, Ins2 mRNA is released from ELAVL4 and translational inhibition is abolished. Also plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing. May regulate alternative splicing of CALCA pre-mRNA into Calcitonin and Calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 (CGRP) by competing with splicing regulator TIAR for binding to U-rich intronic sequences of CALCA pre-mRNA.

DBT Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 48.8 kDa and the accession number is P11182.