P-gp inhibitor 1 inhibits reversing P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance with an EC50 of 57.9 nM (K562/A02 cells).

P-gp Inhibitor 15 (compound 7a), a nonsubstrate inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), inhibits Pgp-ATPase activity and interferes with Pgp-mediated Rhodamine123 efflux. Additionally, this compound enhances the inhibitory effect of Paclitaxel on tumor progression in the KBV xenograft tumor model in nude mice [1].

P-gp/BCRP-IN-2 (compound 15), an oxadiazole derivative, functions as a dual inhibitor targeting both the ABC transporter P-glycoprotein (IC50: 1.6 nM) and BCRP (IC50: 600 nM). Additionally, it bolsters the anti-proliferative impact of Doxorubicin in the drug-resistant HT29/DX and MDCK-MDR1 human adenocarcinoma colon cancer cell lines [1].

P-gp Inhibitor 3, an effective P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, activates P-gp ATPase to inhibit P-gp's efflux function. It demonstrates a relatively stronger multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal ability, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor efficacy of Paclitaxel.

P-gp/BCRP-IN-1 (compound 19) is a relatively safe, orally active, and efficient inhibitor of the efflux transporters P-gp and BCRP. By inhibiting their efflux function, it reverses resistance and enhances the oral bioavailability of Paclitaxel (PTX) [1].

P-gp inhibitor 4 is a selective P-glycoprotein modulator with an EC 50 of 94 nM. P-gp inhibitor 4 increases drug transport across gastro-intestinal barrier and recovers doxorubicin toxicity in multidrug resistant cancer cells .

P-gp Inhibitor 2 is a powerful P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, effective in reversing Doxorubicin resistance with an IC50 of 0.22 µM in human colorectal carcinoma cells overexpressing P-gp (SW600 Ad300).

P-gp modulator 1 is a high affinity and orally available P-glycoprotein (Pgp) modulator

P-gp Inhibitor 13, a P-glycoprotein antagonist, can counteract paclitaxel resistance in A2780/T cells, proving valuable for advanced acute myeloid leukemia research [1].

P-gp inhibitor 5 is a potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), inhibiting P-gp by a factor of 2.5 and 3.0 at 1.25 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively. p-gp inhibitor 5 exhibits anti-proliferative effects on some cancer cells. P-gp inhibitor 5 was able to restore cellular sensitivity to Vincristine and Paclitaxel, thereby reversing the multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype of ABCB1/Flp-InTM-293 and KBvin.

P-gp modulator 2 (Compound 27) is a potent competitive and metabotropic P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulator.

P-gp modulator 3 (Compound 37) is a potent, competitive, metabotropic P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulator.

Elacridar (GG918) (GF120918) is an effective BCRP and P-gp (MDR-1) inhibitor.

γ-Tocotrienol (Plastochromanol) is one of the four types of tocotrienol, a type of vitamin E. Itl is also a radioprotector, antioxidant. It shows antitumor and antihypertensive effects in vivo.

Vismodegib (GDC-0449) is a hedgehog pathway inhibitor (IC50: 3 nM). It also inhibits P-gp (IC50: 3.0 μM), ABCG2 (IC50: 1.4 μM).

HM-30181 mesylate monohydrate is an oral P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, used to enhance the oral bioavailability of P-gp substrate drugs.

Biricodar dicitrate (VX-710) is a potent MDR inhibitor with no anticancer activity and can be used to study prostate cancer.

FM04 is an orally active and highly potent inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) with an EC50 value of 83 nM. FM04 can interact with Q1193 and I1115 in human P-gp nucleotide binding domain 2 (NBD2). Thereby disrupting the R262-Q1081-Q1118 interaction pocket and uncoupling the ICL2-NBD2 interaction, thereby inhibiting P-gp. FM04 can be used in the treatment of cancer and tumors.

Enerisant HCl is a novel potent and selective histamine H3 receptor antagonist, a substrate for P-gp, mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) and transporter proteins.

Laniquidar TFA (R101933) is a novel orally available non-competitive P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.51 μM.Laniquidar has limited bioavailability and can be used to modulate the multidrug resistance transporter.Laniquidar can be used for the study of AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Laniquidar is used to study acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

P-gb-IN-1 is a potent P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor that exhibits reverse activity by inhibiting P-gp outflow. P-gb-IN-1 has been shown to inhibit P-gp by hydrogen bonding with residues Asn 721 and Met 986. P-gb-IN-1 showed low toxicity in MCF-7/ADR cells.

MCI826 is a potent and selective antagonist of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and peptide leukotrienes (p-LTs), showing anti-asthmatic activity in a guinea pig model of advanced asthma.

Phellamurin inhibits intestinal P-glycoprotein in a dose-dependent manner, there is a serious interaction occurred between Phellamurin with cyclosporin, to ensure the efficacy of cyclosporin, we suggest that the coadministration of Phellamurin or Phellode

Laniquidar (R101933) is a third generation non-competitive inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) (IC50: 0.51 μM) with limited oral bioavailability. It can also be used to modulate multidrug resistance transporters.

Milataxel is an orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus).This compound is unstable in powder form and other related salt forms are recommended.

GP 1a is a potent agonist of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) (EC50=7.1), as shown in cAMP, GTPγS and β-arrestin recruitment assays. GP 1a is approximately 30-fold more selective for CB2 receptors than CB1 receptors and increases P-ERK1/2 expression in HL-60 cells in vitro. GP 1a is beneficial for skin wound healing. GP 1a inhibits inflammation and fibrogenesis while promoting epithelial re-formation.

HTT-D3 is a potent and orally active huntingtin (HTT) splicing modulator. HTT-D3 can lead to HTT mRNA degradation and reduction of HTT levels. HTT-D3 reduces p-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux, and has research value in Huntington's disease.

Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions similar to those of chlorpropamide.

Trifluoperazine (trifluoroperazine) is a Dopamine D2 receptor inhibitor(IC50 : 1.2 nM), and Treatment of schizophrenia.

Atazanavir (BMS-232632)(BMS-232632) is an highly effective HIV-1 protease inhibitor.

Risperidone (R 64 766) is a selective blocker of dopamine D2 receptors and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors that act as an atypical antipsychotic agent.

Verapamil (CP-16533-1) is a calcium channel blocker and an orally active and effective inhibitor of P-gp. Verapamil inhibits CYP3A4 and can be used in studies about the treatment of high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, and angina research.

Jatrophane 5 demonstrates the most powerful inhibition of P-gp, higher than R(+)-verapamil and tariquidar in colorectal multi-drug resistant (MDR) cells (DLD1-TxR).

KS176 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) multidrug transporter, showing no inhibitory activity against P-gp or MRP1.

Polyoxyethylene stearate (POES) is an agent of non-ionic emulsifying.

hCA/Wnt/β-catenin-IN-1 (Compd 15) serves as an inhibitor with selective affinity for hCA isoforms II, IX, and XII, exhibiting K i values of 33.6, 24.1, and 6.8 nM, respectively. Additionally, this compound attenuates P-gp activity and impedes the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, it compromises the viability of cancer cells, specifically targeting the NCI/ADR-RES DOX-resistant cell line [1].

BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (BAAA-DA) is a stable precursor to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde, a cell-permeable fluorescent substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).1,2BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal is converted under acidic conditions to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde (BAAA).2BAAA is cell-permeant and is converted intracellularly by ALDH to BODIPY aminoacetate (BAA), which is retained by cells and can be used to identify cells with high ALDH activity.1BAA is a substrate for the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) but co-application of BAAA with a P-gp inhibitor, such as verapamil , inhibits BAA efflux.2BAAA-DA has been used to isolate human hematopoietic progenitor cells, which have high ALDH activity, andviaflow cytometry to sort cancer stem cells that contain high levels of ALDH.1,3BAA used in cells can be excited at 488 nm and displays an emission maximum of 512 nm.4 1.Storms, R.W., Trujillo, A.P., Springer, J.B., et al.Isolation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitors on the basis of aldehyde dehydrogenase activityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America96(16)9118-9123(1999) 2.Smith, C.A., Colvin, M., Storms, R.W., et al.BODIPY aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal08010501.81-15(2010) 3.Leng, Z., Yang, Z., Li, L., et al.A reliable method for the sorting and identification of ALDHhigh cancer stem cells by flow cytometryExp. Ther. Med.(2017) 4.Pomper, M.G., Wang, H., Minn, I., et al.Red fluorescent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) substrate(2015)

1. Evodine has antinociceptive activity.

C2 Adamantanyl globotriaosylceramide (AdaGb3) is a bioactive sphingolipid and water-soluble form of globotriaosylceramide that contains an adamantanyl group in place of the fatty acyl chain. It inhibits Vero toxin binding to globotriaosylceramide in an ELISA assay when used at a concentration of 10 μM. AdaGb3 decreases cell surface expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and reduces efflux of rhodamine 123 in MDCK cells. It also increases apical-to-basal transport of vinblastine in human intestinal C2BBe1 cells.

OY-101, an orally active compound, serves as a potent and specific inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). It has the capability to sensitize drug-resistant tumors and counteract tumor multidrug resistance efficiently. Compared to Tetrandrine [1], OY-101 demonstrates enhanced water-solubility, cytotoxicity, and reversal activity.

YS-370 is an orally active inhibitor of P-gp and shows moderate inhibition against CYP3A4. YS-370 effectively reverses multidrug resistance to paclitaxel and colchicine and exhibits stronger antitumor activity in combination with paclitaxel.

Hypophyllanthin and phyllanthin have antitumour effects against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in mice.

Phyllanthin is widely used as hepatoprotective and antigenotoxic and inhibit function of P-gp.

Anticancer Agent 108 (Compound 3.10) serves as a potent P-gp inhibitor exhibiting considerable antitumor properties while maintaining reduced toxicity to both normal and pseudonormal cells; it also demonstrated no acute toxic effects on C57BL/6 mice [1].

CP-100356 hydrochloride is an orally active and low micromolar dual inhibitor of MDR1 (P-gp) and BCRP, a nucleotide-derived substrate analogue with inhibitory effects on MDR1-mediated Calcein-AM transporter and BCRP-mediated Prazosin transporter.CP-100356 Inhibits OATP1B1, induces stomatal opening in the dark.

PF-06273340 is an effective, Selective, and Peripherally Restricted Pan-Trk inhibitor (IC50: Trk-A = 6 nM; Trk-B = 4 nM; Trk-C = 3 nM). PF-06273340 has low metabolic turnover in HLM and hHep is a good substrate for efflux transporters P-gp (ER = 35.7) and BCRP (ER = 4.0) and has moderate passive permeability (RRCK Papp = 5.4 × 10 6 cm s 1).

Roquefortine C is a fungal cyclopeptide isolated from Penicillium roquefortii, activates P-gp and also inhibits P450-3A and other haemoproteins

Topoisomerase I inhibitor 5 is an efficient inhibitor of topoisomerase I, with an IC50 value. It effectively disrupts DNA and inhibits the activity of topoisomerase I. Moreover, it can induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells and arrest the cell cycle at the G1 phase. Topoisomerase I inhibitor 5 also exhibits potency in reversing P-gp-mediated resistance to Adriamycin [1].

Encequidar, also known as HM-30181, is an oral P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor developed to enhance the oral bioavailability of P-gp substrate drugs. Encequidar showed the highest potency (IC(50)=0.63nM) among several MDR1 inhibitors, including cycloporin A, XR9576, and GF120918, and effectively blocked transepithelial transport of paclitaxel in MDCK monolayers (IC(50)=35.4nM). Encequidar is currently under clinical trials.

Nutlin-1 is a p53-MDM2 binding inhibitor, p-Glycoprotein (p-gp) transport substrate, and antitumor agent.