ras-related

RAB10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in Baculovirus.

RRAS2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli.

RAN Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 51.3 kDa and the accession number is P62826.

RAB11A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.9 kDa and the accession number is P62491.

RAC1 is a GTPase that belongs to the RAS superfamily of small GTP-binding proteins. Members of this superfamily appear to regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for RAC1 gene. RAC1 is a plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. RAC1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophage. RAC1 is essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. RAC1's isoform B has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP exchange and an impaired GTP hydrolysis, which is restored partially by GTPase-activating proteins. It is able to bind to the GTPase-binding domain of PAK but not full-length PAK in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting that the insertion does not completely abolish effector interaction. Stat3 is an important transcription factor that regulates both proinflammatory and anti-apoptotic pathways in the heart. It forms a multiprotein complex with RAC1 and PKC in an H/R-dependent manner by expression of constitutively active Rac1 mutant protein, and by RNA silencing of RAC1. Selective inhibition of PKC with calphostin C produces a marked suppression of Stat3 S727 phosphorylation. The association of Stat3 with Rax1 occurs predominantly at the cell membrane, but also inside the nucleus, and occurs through the binding of the coiled-coil domain of Stat3 to the 54 NH(2)-terminal residues of RAC1. Transfection with a peptide comprising the NH(2)-terminal 17 amino acid residues of RAC1-dependent signaling pathways resulting in a physical association between Rac1 and Stat3 and the formation of a novel multiprotein complex with PKC.

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (Rac2) is a small G-protein belonging to the Ras subfamily of the GTPase family. Rac2 acts as an on / off switch for signal transduction cascades and motilities. When GDP is attached to the small G-protein, the enzyme is inactivated. Release of the GDP and replace of the GTP cativate the GTPasee. Rac2 remains active until the GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP. Rac2 is a hematopoietic-specific Rho family GTPase implicated as an important constituent of the NADPH oxidase complex and shares 92% amino acid identity with the ubiquitously expressed Rac1. The small G-protein Rac2 regulates the rearrangements of actin and membrane necessary for Fcy receptor-mediated phagocytosis by macrophages. Activated Rac2 binds to the p21-binding domain of PAK1 and this binding provided a basis for microscopic methods to localize activation of these G proteins inside cells.

RAC1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.6 kDa; 30 kDa, reducing conditions and the accession number is P63000.

RAB10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli.

RAB1A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli.

Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic. RAB5C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.5 kDa and the accession number is P51148.

The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is mainly involved in the biosynthetic transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. Regulates, for instance, SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter-enriched vesicles delivery to the plasma membrane. In parallel, it regulates the transport of TLR4, a toll-like receptor to the plasma membrane and therefore may be important for innate immune response. Plays also a specific role in asymmetric protein transport to the plasma membrane. In neurons, it is involved in axonogenesis through regulation of vesicular membrane trafficking toward the axonal plasma membrane. In epithelial cells, it regulates transport from the Golgi to the basolateral membrane. May play a role in the basolateral recycling pathway and in phagosome maturation. May play a role in endoplasmic reticulum dynamics and morphology controlling tubulation along microtubules and tubules fusion. Together with LRRK2, RAB8A, and RILPL1, it regulates ciliogenesis. When phosphorylated by LRRK2 on Thr-73, it binds RILPL1 and inhibits ciliogenesis.

RAB1A Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 49.5 kDa and the accession number is P62820.

The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab may play a role in protein transport from recycling endosomes to lysosomes regulating, for instance, the degradation of the transferrin receptor. Involved in autophagy.

RAB44 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli.

Transforming protein RhoA, also known as Rho cDNA clone 12, Ras homolog gene family member A, RHOA and ARH12, is a cell membrane and cytoplasm protein that belongs to the small GTPase superfamily and Rho family. The Rho family of small GTPases plays a key role in the dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton that underlies various important cellular functions such as shape changes, migration, and polarity. RHOA / ARH12 is part of a larger family of related proteins known as the Ras superfamily; proteins involved in the regulation and timing of cell division. RHOA / ARH12 is a small GTPase protein known to regulate the actin cytoskeleton in the formation of stress fibers. It acts upon two known effector proteins: ROCK1 (Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1) and DIAPH1 ( diaphanous homolog 1 (Drosophila) ). RHOA / ARH12 regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. RHOA / ARH12 serves as a target for the yopT cysteine peptidase from Yersinia pestis, vector of the plague, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which causes gastrointestinal disorders. RHOA / ARH12 may be an activator of PLCE1. It is activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP.

ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-like proteins (ARLs) comprise a functionally distinct group of the ARF family of RAS-related GTPases. ARL2BP binds to ARL2.GTP with high affinity but does not interact with ARL2.GDP, activated ARF, or RHO proteins. The lack of detectable membrane association of ARL2BP or ARL2 upon activation of ARL2 is suggestive of actions distinct from those of the ARFs. ARL2BP is considered to be the first ARL2-specific effector identified, due to its interaction with ARL2.GTP but lack of ARL2 GTPase-activating protein activity. ARL2BP, together with ARL2, plays a role in the nuclear translocation, retention and transcriptional activity of STAT3. ARL2BP may play a role as an effector of ARL2.

RHEB is a recently discovered member of the Ras superfamily that may be involved in neural plasticity. This function is novel and not typically associated with the Ras proteins. RHEB gene is a member of the small GTPase superfamily and encodes a lipid-anchored, cell membrane protein with five repeats of the RAS-related GTP-binding region. RHEB is vital in regulation of growth and cell cycle progression due to its role in the insulin / TOR / S6K signaling pathway. The protein has GTPase activity and shuttles between a GDP-bound form and a GTP-bound form, and farnesylation of RHEB is required for this activity. Three pseudogenes have been mapped, two on chromosome 1 and one on chromosome 22.

GTP-Binding Protein Rheb (RHEB) is a member of the small GTPase superfamily and encodes a lipid-anchored, cell membrane protein with five repeats of the RAS-related GTP-binding region. Highest levels of RHEB can be found in the skeletal and cardiac muscle, and it is vital in the regulation of growth and cell cycle progression due to its role in the Insulin/TOR/S6K signaling pathway. RHEB stimulates the phosphorylation of S6K1 and EIF4EBP1 through activation of mTORC1 signaling, and it activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. RHEB has GTPase activity and shuttles between a GDP-bound form and a GTP-bound form, farnesylation of the protein is required for this activity.

Cell adhesion molecule-related, down-regulated by oncogenes (CDON), also known as CDO, is an Ig superfamily member, is a component of a cell surface receptor that positively regulates skeletal myogenesis. Brother of CDO (BOC) is a cell surface receptor that derives its name from the structurally related protein, CDON. They are components of a cell surface receptor that positively regulates myogenesis in vitro. Expression of Cdo and Boc in myoblast cell lines is downregulated by the ras oncogene, and forced re-expression of either Cdo or Boc can override ras-induced inhibition of myogenic differentiation. CDO and BOC play a role in the inverse relationship between differentiation and transformation of cells in the skeletal muscle lineage. CDON binds to Bnip-2 and JLP, scaffold proteins for Cdc42 and p38alpha/beta MAPK, respectively. The Bnip-2/Cdc42 and JLP/p38alpha/beta complexes associate in a CDON-dependent manner, resulting in Bnip-2/Cdc42-dependent p38alpha/beta activation and stimulation of cell differentiation. It is proposed that CDO mediates, at least in part, the effects of cell-cell interactions between muscle precursors that are critical in myogenesis.