taste

Gustducin-coupled strychnine receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5. TAS2R10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & KSI) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-KSI tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19.6 kDa and the accession number is Q9NYW0.

Miraculin has the property of modifying a sour taste into a sweet taste. This alteration of taste perception persists for many minutes. Miraculin Protein, Synsepalum dulcificum, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 23.4 kDa and the accession number is P13087.

Miraculin has the property of modifying a sour taste into a sweet taste. This alteration of taste perception persists for many minutes. Miraculin Protein, Synsepalum dulcificum, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.9 kDa and the accession number is P13087.

Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein, also known as glycoprotein 34, surfactant pulmonary-associated D-binding protein, DMBT1 and GP34, is a secreted protein which belongs to theDMBT1 family. DMBT1 contains 2CUB domains, 14SRCR domains and 1ZP domain. It is highly expressed in alveolar and macrophage tissues. In some macrophages, expression is detected on the membrane, and in other macrophages, it is strongly expressed in the phagosome phagolysosome compartments. Defects in DMBT1 are involved in the development of glioma (GLM). Gliomas are central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells and comprise astrocytomas, glioblastoma multiforme, oligodendrogliomas , and ependymomas. DMBT1 may be considered as a candidate tumor suppressor for brain, lung, esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. It may play roles in mucosal defense system, cellular immune defense and epithelial differentiation. DMBT1 may play a role as an opsonin receptor for SFTPD and SPAR in macrophage tissues throughout the body, including epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract. It may be an important factor in fate decision and differentiation of transit-amplifying ductular (oval) cells within the hepatic lineage. DMBT1 may function as a binding protein in saliva for the regulation of taste sensation. It binds to HIV-1 envelope protein and has been shown to both inhibit and facilitate viral transmission.

Lipocalin-1, also known as Von Ebner gland protein, VEG protein, Tear Prealbumin, VEGP, Tear lipocalin, and LCN1 is a secreted protein that belongs to the calycin superfamily and Lipocalin family. Human Lipocalin-1 VEGP was originally described as a major protein of human tear fluid, which was thought to be tear specific. Lipocalin-1 VEGP is identical to lingual von Ebner's gland protein and is also produced in the prostate, nasal mucosa, and tracheal mucosa. Homologous proteins have been found in the rat, pig, and probably dog and horse. Lipocalin-1 VEGP is an unusual lipocalin member, because of its high promiscuity for relative insoluble lipids and binding characteristics that differ from other members. Lipocalin-1 VEGP acts as the principal lipid-binding protein in tear fluid, a more general physiological function has to be proposed due to its wide distribution and properties. Lipocalin-1 VEGP would be ideally suited for scavenging of lipophilic, potentially harmful substances and thus might act as a general protection factor of epithelia. Lipocalin-1 LCN1 could play a role in taste reception. It could be necessary for the concentration and delivery of sapid molecules in the gustatory system. Lipocalin-1 LCN1 can bind various ligands, with chemical structures ranging from lipids and retinoids to the macrocyclic antibiotic rifampicin and even to microbial siderophores. It exhibits an extremely wide ligand pocket.

GNG13 is a subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins which consist of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Heterotrimeric G proteins are membrane-bound GTPases that are linked to 7-TM receptors. They function as signal transducers for the 7-transmembrane-helix G protein-coupled receptors. They are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. Each G protein is composed of an alpha-, beta- and gamma-subunit and is bound to GDP in the 'off' state. Ligand-receptor binding results in detachment of the G protein, switching it to an 'on' state and permitting Galpha activation of second messenger signaling cascades. There are several types of Galpha proteins; besides, some Gbetagamma subunits have active functions. Gbetagamma coupled to H1 receptors can activate PLA2 and Gbetagamma coupled to M1 receptors can activate KIR channels. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and G protein-effector interaction. GNG13 is a gamma subunit that is expressed in taste, retinal, and neuronal tissues and plays a key role in taste transduction.