anthelmintic

Dymanthine (ADMA 18) is an agent of veterinary anthelmintic.

Closantel (R-31520), a salicylanilide anthelmintic compound, shows different anthelmintic spectra and obvious toxicity in mammals.

Nitazoxanide (NSC-697855) is a synthetic benzamide with antiprotozoal activity. Nitazoxanide exerts its antiprotozoal activity by interfering with the pyruvate ferredoxin/flavodoxin oxidoreductase dependent electron transfer reaction.

Flubendazole (Flumoxane) is available OTC in Europe that is an anthelmintic using to treat worm infection in humans.

CGP 20376 is a benzothiazole compound, an anthelmintic, with dual dose-dependent modulation of in vitro effects on the respiratory burst of eosinophils and antifibrillatory properties.

UK-124114 (Selamectin) is a macrocyclic lactone derivative of ivermectin, an anthelmintic that potentiates glutamate- and GABA-gated chloride channel opening in nematodes. In an H. contortus larval development assay, selamectin (0.1 μg/ml) shows the effect of growth inhibition.

2-(Chloromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine has potential anthelmintic activity and can be used to synthesize active compounds.

CMP-5 2HCl is a anthelmintic agent. CMP-5 2HCl shows EC100 of 5μM against H. contortus in vitro.

8-Hydroxyquinoline hemisulfate (Oxyquinoline sulfate) is an antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action

(-)-Benzotetramisole makes an efficient and selective catalyst. (-)-Benzotetramisole is a benzannulated derivative of the anthelmintic compound tetraimidazole 3 and is itself an effective catalyst for conversion.

Dehydrocostuslactone is a natural product extracted from Aucklandia.It has wide spectrum of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiulcer, and anthelmintic activitie

4-(2-Aminoethyl)amino-7-chloroquinoline (N1-(7-Chloroquinolin-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diamine) has potential anthelmintic and antitumor activity for the study of malaria.

Brotianide (BAY-VA4059) has anthelmintic activity and is highly potent against liver fluke and gastric fluke infestations and can be used to treat acute, subacute and chronic liver fascioliasis infections in sheep.

Monepantel (AAD1566) is an organic anthelmintic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist from roundworms and esophagostomies that is widely used for de-worming in agriculture and livestock.

Pyrantel tartrate (Banminth) is broad spectrum anthelmintic for livestock.

Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a substituted dihydroxybenzene used topically as an antiseptic for the treatment of minor skin infections.

Selamectin (UK-124114) is a macrocyclic lactone derivative of ivermectin, an anthelmintic that potentiates glutamate- and GABA-gated chloride channel opening in nematodes. In an H. contortus larval development assay, selamectin (0.1 μg/ml) shows the effect of growth inhibition.

Avermectin B1 is served as anthelmintic and insecticide.

Niclofolan, a biphenyl anthelmintic compound, is used orally towards the treatment of Fasciola hepatica infection.

5-hydroxy Thiabendazole (5-OH TBZ) is a major metabolite of the anthelmintic thiabendazole . Unlike thiabendazole, 5-OH TBZ has no effect on the growth of third-stage A. caninum larvae.

Luxabendazole is a benzimidazole carbamate broad-spectrum anthelmintic agent. It has proved to be effective against immature and adult stages of the major gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes.

2,3-Dehydro-3,4-dihydro ivermectin, an ivermectin analog and anthelmintic, demonstrates efficacy against L. amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes, with IC50 values of 13.8 and 3.6 µM, respectively, while maintaining a low cytotoxicity profile in macrophages (IC50 = 65.5 µM).

Melarsonyl dipotassium, also known as melarsonic acid dipotassium, is a potent anthelmintic agent with the ability to effectively inhibit parasites.

Doramectin aglycone is an acid degradation product of doramectin , a disaccharide-containing anthelmintic that potentiates glutamate- and GABA-gated chloride channel opening in nematodes, and its acid-catalyzed hydrolysis product doramectin monosaccharide . Doramectin undergoes one round of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis to form doramectin monosaccharide which is then hydrolyzed again to remove the remaining saccharide unit and form doramectin aglycone.

Avermectin B1a aglycone is an aglycone form of the anthelmintic and insecticide avermectin B1a . It hyperpolarizes P. crassipes muscle fibers with a minimum active concentration (MAC) value of 0.1 μM. Avermectin B1a aglycone decreases survival of C. elegans (MAC = 0.1 μM). In vivo, avermectin B1a aglycone prevents seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole in mice (ED50 = 43.9 mg/kg) without inducing deficits in rotarod performance.

Nitroxynil (4-Hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrobenzonitrile) is an anthelmintic compound that effectively targets parasites in both adult and immature stages. It is extensively employed in investigations pertaining to Fasciola hepatica infection.

Fenbendazole sulfone is a minor metabolite of the anthelmintic fenbendazole . Fenbendazole undergoes oxidation to form oxfendazole, which is further oxidized to form fenbendazole sulfone.

Avermectin B1a monosaccharide is a macrolide anthelmintic and monosaccharide form of avermectin B1a . It is lethal to C. elegans with a minimum active concentration (MAC) value of 0.1 μM. Avermectin B1a monosaccharide also stimulates conductance in isolated shore crab muscle.

16-Keto Aspergillimide (SB202327) is a novel anthelmintic compound derived from the Aspergillus strain IMI 337664.

Paraherquamide E is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from P. charlesii with anthelmintic and insecticidal activities. It is lethal to C. elegans (LD50 = 6 μg/ml). Paraherquamide E is also lethal to O. fasciatus (LD50 = 0.089 μg/nymph). Oral administration of paraherquamide E (0.5-4 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.

Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997). Aspergillimide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from A. japonicus.1 It reduces nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) peak and slowly-desensitizing amplitudes induced by acetylcholine in silkworm (B. mori) larval neurons (IC50s = 20.2 and 39.6 nM, respectively) but has no effect on chicken α3β4-, α4β2-, and α7-containing nAChRs.2 Dietary administration of aspergillimide A (10 μg/g of diet) induces paralysis in silkworm fourth instar larvae.1 Aspergillimide A (10 and 20 mg/kg) reduces T. colubriformis fecal egg count in gerbils.3 References1. Hayashi, H., Nishimoto, Y., Akiyama, K., et al. New paralytic alkaloids, asperparalines A, B and C, from Aspergillus japonicus JV-23. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 64(1), 111-115 (2000).2. Hirata, K., Kataoka, S., Furutani, S., et al. A fungal metabolite asperparaline a strongly and selectively blocks insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: The first report on the mode of action. PLoS One 6(4), e18354 (2011).3. Banks, R.M., Blanchflower, S.E., Everett, J.R., et al. Novel anthelmintic metabolites from an Aspergillus species; the aspergillimides. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 50(10), 840-846 (1997).

Oxantel is a fumarate reductase inhibitor with anthelmintic activity.

Neolitsine has anthelmintic activity, it exhibits EC90 values (concentration at which 90% loss of larval motility is observed) of 6.4 microg/mL.Neolitsine and dicentrine have potent vasorelaxing effects on precontracted rat aortic preparations with mean IC 50 values between 0.08 and 2.48 microM.

Piperazine adipate is a potent broad spectrum anthelmintic.

Hikizimycin is a potent anthelmintic and antibacterial natural product.

(E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester (Methyl (E)-ferulate) is a possible inhibitor of the mitogen activated phosphor kinase pathway, it could be a potential anti-inflammatory agent isolated for the first time in medicinal plant S. tuberosa. (E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester has promising anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus.

Clonostachydiol is a macrodiolide-type anthelmintic derived from the fungus Clonostachys cylindrospora (strain FH-A 6607) [1].

IKD-8344 is a macrocyclic dilactone originally isolated from an actinomycete species and has diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antimicrobial, and anthelmintic properties.1,2,3 It is cytotoxic to L5178Y murine leukemia cells (IC50 = 0.54 ng/ml).1 IKD-8344 inhibits growth of the mycelial form of C. albicans (MIC = 6.25 μg/ml) and potentiates the activity of polymyxin B against the multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacterium B. cenocepacia.2,3 It is active against T. spiralis in vitro and in vivo.1 |1. Minami, Y., Yoshida, K., Azuma, R., et al. Structure of a novel macrodiolide antibiotic IKD-8344. Tetrahedron Lett. 33(48), 7373-7376 (1992).|2. Hwang, E.I., Yun, B.S., Yeo, W.H., et al. Compound IKD-8344, a selective growth inhibitor against the mycelial form of Candida albicans, isolated from Streptomyces sp. A6792. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 15(4), 909-912 (2005).|3. Loutet, S.A., El-Halfawy, O.M., Jassem, A.N., et al. Identification of synergists that potentiate the action of polymyxin B against Burkholderia cenocepacia. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 46(4), 376-380 (2015).

Doramectin monosaccharide is an acid degradation product of doramectin , a disaccharide-containing anthelmintic that potentiates glutamate- and GABA-gated chloride channel opening in nematodes. Doramectin undergoes acid-catalyzed hydrolysis to form doramectin monosaccharide.

PF 1022A is an N-methylated cyclooctadepsipeptides with strong anthelmintic properties. It also acts as an ionosphere.

Diethylcarbamazine, an anthelmintic, is used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Loa loa or Wucheria bancrofti.

Oxfendazole (RS-8858), a broad spectrum benzimidazole anthelmintic, protects livestock against roundworm, strongyles and pinworms.

Febantel is an anthelmintic. It is used for veterinary use on dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, goats, pig, and poultry against roundworms and tapeworms.

Phenothiazine (ENT 38) is a class of agents exhibiting antiemetic, antipsychotic, antihistaminic, and anticholinergic activities. Phenothiazines antagonize the dopamine D2-receptor in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain, potentially preventing chemotherapy-induced emesis.

Praziquantel D11 is the deuterium labeled Praziquantel, and is an agent of anthelmintic.

Sch 18099 showed anthelmintic activity.

Emodepside (Bay 44-4400) is an anthelmintic drug that is effective against a number of gastrointestinal nematodes,with broad-spectrum anthelmintic activity.

Moxidectin (CL301423) is an anthelmintic drug which kills parasitic worms, and is used for the prevention and control of heartworm and intestinal worms. It can be found in treatments prescribed for animals such as dogs, cats, horses, cattle and sheep. Application methods for moxidectin vary by treatment, and include oral, topical, and injectable solutions. Cydectin Pour On is a trade name for a formulation for use on cattle and red deer.

Albendazole sulfone, a metabolite of Albendazole, is an antibiotic, anthelmintic, and antiparisitic.

Ticarbodine(EL-974)is an Anthelmintic agent.