congestive heart failure

Anti-Heart Failure Agent 1 is an orally available compound suitable for the treatment of heart failure without inducing vomiting, nausea, and restlessness.

Captopril (SA333) is a potent and specific inhibitor of peptidyl-dipeptidase A. It blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure.

Imazodan hydrochloride (CI-914 HCl) is a potent and selective type III phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure.

(Rac)-Naxifylline may be used to study congestive heart failure.

(Rac)-Daglutril (SLV 306 acetic acid) is the racemate form of Daglutril. Daglutril is an orally active, mixed neutral endopeptidase/endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor under development for the treatment of essential hypertension and congestive heart failure.

PD-118057 is a potent ether associated (hERG) potassium channel activator that shows no activity against hERG. PD-118057 inhibits the excitability of the membrane by activating the hERG channel. PD-118057 is a potential compound for the treatment of delayed repolarization in inherited or acquired long QT syndrome and congestive heart failure.

Nolomirole is a dopamine receptor agonist that reduces symptoms of congestive heart failure caused by monoclinine.

Cilazapril Monohydrate (Justor) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

(±)-Prenalterol (H 80/62) is a new cardioselective positive inotropic compound that is an agonist of beta-2- and beta-1-adrenergic receptors and can be used to study chronic congestive heart failure.

Lanatoside C (Ceglunate) is a cardiac glycoside, a type of drug that can be used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat). Lanatoside C can be used orally or by the intravenous route.

Nebivolol hydrochloride (R 065824 hydrochloride) is a cardioselective ADRENERGIC BETA-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (beta-blocker) that functions as a VASODILATOR through the endothelial L-arginine/ NITRIC OXIDE system. It is used to manage HYPERTENSION and chronic HEART FAILURE in elderly patients.

Ozolinone is an active metabolite of etozoline which acts as a loop diuretic --- a diuretic that acts at the ascending limb of the loop of Henle in the kidney. Loop diuretics are primarily used in medicine to treat hypertension and edema often due to cong

Urodilatin, an analogue of ANF-(99-126), serves as a diuretic-natriuretic regulatory peptide with applications in the study of acute renal failure, congestive heart failure, and bronchial asthma, among other conditions [1].

Acetyldigitoxin is a derivative of lanatoside A or of DIGITOXIN and can be used for fast digitalization in congestive heart failure.

Enoximone is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase III (PDE3), with treatment of congestive heart failure.

Polythiazide (NSC-108161, P-2525) is used to treat fluid retention (edema) caused by a variety of causes, including congestive heart failure, severe liver disease (cirrhosis), kidney disease, or steroid or hormonal medication.

Benzofurodil is cardiotonic used for the chronic treatment of congestive heart failure.

Levocarnitine propionate hydrochloride (ST-261) is used for the treatment of the deterioration of renal function, congestive heart failure, intermittent claudication, and other diseases.

CK 2289 is an inhibitor of type III cyclic 3'5' -adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase with potential use in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) is a rapidly acting cardiac glycoside used to treat congestive heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias due to reentry mechanisms. Deslanoside inhibits the Na-K-ATPase membrane pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium and calcium concentrations.

Captopril (SQ 14225) hydrochloride is an antihypertensive agent that is a thiol-containing competitive, orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with IC 50 of 0.025 μM and has been widely used for research of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Captopril hydrochloride is also a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) inhibitor with an IC 50 of 7.9 μM [1] [2] [3].

Spermidine-d6 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of spermidine by GC- or LC-MS. Spermidine is an endogenous polyamine. It is formed from putrescine by spermidine synthase. Spermidine (25 µM) inhibits the activity of the human inward-rectifying potassium channel Kir2.3 in a patch-clamp assay. It induces autophagy in HeLa cells when used at a concentration of 100 µM and increases the lifespan of D. melanogaster, yeast, and C. elegans. Spermidine (30 mM in the drinking water) reduces demyelination of the optic nerve and disease severity in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). It reduces increases in blood pressure, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and heart weight in salt-sensitive Dahl rats fed a high-salt diet, a model of hypertension-induced congestive heart failure.4 Formulations containing spermidine have been used as dietary supplements.

Neuropeptide Y (18-36) (porcine) acts as a competitive antagonist of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) cardiac receptor, effectively blocking the attachment of I-NPY to cardiac ventricular membranes. Its action is concentration-dependent, exhibiting an IC50 value of 158 nM and a Ki value of 140 nM. This compound is utilized in the study of congestive heart failure [1].

Rolofylline (KW-3902) is a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist used in the study of acute congestive heart failure and renal dysfunction, and in the study of neurodegenerative disorders.

NP-252 is a calcium channel antagonist potentially for the treatment of angina pectoris and congestive heart failure.

BMS-193884 is an oral endothelin antagonist for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) and pulmonary arterial hypertension.

A 58365 B, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces chromofuscus, is used for the treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension.

Enoximone sulfoxide is a selective phosphodiesterase III (PDE3) inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. Enoximone prevents the degradation of cAMP by PDE, which prolongs signal transduction and its subsequent effects. It is used in patients with congestive heart failure.

Digoxigenin, a therapeutic drug belonging to the group of cardiac glycosides, is widely used in the management of congestive heart failure and other cardiac diseases

GRK2 Inhibitor 2 (Compound 8h), with an IC50 of 19 nM for GRK2 and 137 nM for Aurora-A, enhances β-AR-mediated cAMP accumulation in GRK2-overexpressing HEK293 cells. It is utilized in congestive heart failure (HF) research [1].

PD 113413 is a metabolite of quinapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Quinapril hydrochloride (PD-109452-2) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the therapy of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Quinapril hydrochloride is associated with a low rate of transient serum aminotransferase elevations, but has yet to be linked to instances of acute liver injury.

Amisometradine is a diuretic which may be used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Moexipril hydrochloride (Moexipril HCl) is a potent orally active nonsulfhydrylangiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)inhibitor, used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Furosemide sodium (Frusemide Sodium) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of Na+/K+/2Cl- (NKCC) cotransporter, NKCC1 and NKCC2. Furosemide sodium is also a GABAA receptors antagonist and displays 100-fold selectivity for α6-containing receptors than α1-containing receptors. Furosemide sodium acts as a loop diuretic and used for the study of congestive heart failure, hypertension and edema.

Carvedilol phosphate hemihydrate (BM 14190 phosphate hemihydrate) is the phosphate salt form of carvedilol, a racemic mixture and adrenergic blocking agent with antihypertensive activity and devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.

Nesiritide, a 32-amino acid natriuretic peptide and recombinant form of human brain natriuretic peptide, enhances vasorelaxation ex vivo in porcine hearts from an acute coronary occlusion model when given as a 2 µg/kg bolus dose followed by a 0.01 µg/kg per minute infusion, facilitated by the calcium ionophore A23187. Formulations containing nesiritide have been utilized in managing congestive heart failure.

Oxypurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Oxipurinol is potentially used for the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Quinaprilat is the active metabolite of quinapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension.

Trandolapril is an orally administered angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is hydrolysed to the active diacid trandolaprilat.

Spirapril (SCH 33844) hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and is an orally active prodrug of spiripril. Spirapril hydrochloride can be used to study hypertension and congestive heart failure.

CK 3197 is a selective positive inotropic agent for the treatment of congestive heart failure. It has hemodynamic and myocardial energetic effects.

GSK2798745 is an orally active transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel blocker (IC50s: 1.8 and 1.6 nM for hTRPV4 and rTRPV4). It is used in research for the treatment of pulmonary edema associated with congestive heart failure.

NG,NG-dimethyl-L-arginine-d6 (ADMA-d6) (hydrochloride) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of NG,NG-dimethyl-L-arginine by GC- or LC-MS. ADMA is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). It is formed from arginine by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and degraded by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAHs) and alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2). ADMA levels are increased concomitant with an increase in blood pressure in Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high-salt diet. ADMA levels are increased in the plasma in a variety of endothelial dysfunction-related diseases, including hypertension, congestive heart failure, and end-stage renal disease.

OPC 18692 is a metabolite of Vesnarinone, a positive inotropic drug developed for congestive heart failure.

A 58365 A, an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor isolated from Streptomyces chromofuscus, is used for the treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension.

Trandolapril (RU44570) hydrochloride is a non-mercapto precursor compound that is hydrolysed to active diacetyl (Trandolapril hydrochlorideat). Trandolapril hydrochloride has been studied in hypertension and congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction.

Levosimendan (OR1259) is a calcium sensitizer used in the management of acutely decompensated congestive heart failure. It increases the sensitivity of the heart to calcium, thus increasing cardiac contractility without a rise in intracellular calcium. Levosimendan exerts its effect by increasing calcium sensitivity of myocytes by binding to cardiac troponin C in a calcium-dependent manner.

Fosinopril-d7 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of fosinopril by GC- or LC-MS. Fosinopril is a prodrug form of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor fosinoprilat. Oral administration of fosinopril inhibits angiotensin I-induced pressor responses in normotensive rats, dogs, and monkeys when administered at doses of 15, 15, and 10 µmol/kg, respectively. Fosinopril reduces fractional shortening and decreases left ventricular size in a porcine model of congestive heart failure. Formulations containing fosinopril have been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Pentoprilat is a member of a series of l-glutarylindoline-2(S)-carboxylic acid derivatives. Pentopril was evaluated as an inhibitor of a cell-free preparation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) isolated from rabbit lung. Intravenous administration of incremental doses of pentopril to anesthetized normotensive rats produced a dose-related inhibition of angiotensin I (AI) pressor responses. The onset of inhibition of the A1 pressor response was rapid, and substantial inhibition occurred at 5 min after administration of the ACE inhibitors. Pentopril hydrolyzed in vivo to the biologically active free-acid form of CGS 13934. It was well tolerated in normal volunteers and hypertensive patients. Pentopril was developed for the treatment of both hypertension and congestive heart failure. Pentopril produced little clinical improvement and no biochemical improvement in a patients with rheumatoid arthritis.