principal

Bilirubin (Principal bile pigment) is a principal pigment of bile and one of the major end products of hemoglobin decomposition.

Urea (Carbonyldiamide) is formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end metabolite of protein catabolism and accounts for about one-half of the total urinary solids.

5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-Methyl THF) is a biologically active form of folic acid and a methylated derivate of tetrahydrofolate. It is the predominant natural dietary folate and the principal form of folate in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.

Melittin TFA is a small protein containing 26 amino acid residues, is the principal toxic component of bee venom. Melittin is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high m

1. Oleandrin (Folinerin), the principal cardiac glycoside component of PBI-524, can quantitatively account for regulation of BDNF at both the protein and transcriptional levels. 2. Oleandrin are known to inhibit the Na, K-ATPase pump, resulting in a consequent increase in calcium influx in heart muscle. 3. Oleandrin has stronger anti-proliferative activity in undifferentiated CaCO-2 cells (IC50, 8.25 nM) , causes an autophagic cell death and altered ERK phosphorylation in undifferentiated.

Edpetiline(Sipeimine-3β-D-glucoside), a principal alkaloid from P. eduardi., has significant anti-inflammatory effects.

ISOBERGAPTEN is a plant growth regulating substance, it is the principal constituents responsible for the antimycobacterial activity of the roots of Heracleum maximum; it may form an important class of natural defensive agents against fungi.

Convicine, a pyrimidine glycoside found in faba beans [1] [2], serves as the precursor for the aglycones Divicine and Isouramil, alongside Vicine. It is a principal factor in favism, a genetic disorder that causes severe hemolysis following the consumption of faba beans.

2-Carene-10-al is a principal constituent of the essential oil extracted from Cuminum cyminum L. [1].

(±)-Alliin, the principal active component in garlic, functions as a potential inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2's main protease (Mpro) [1].

Phosphorylcholine chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate (Phosphocholine chloride calcium salt tet) is a small haptenic molecule, is found in a wide variety of organisms. Human hepatic tumors undergo an elevation in the concentration of phosphorylcholine as the principal metabolic change is observed (PMID: 11076016 ). Phosphorylcholine chloride calcium salt tetrahydrate is the precursor metabolite of choline in the glycine, serine and threonine metabolism pathways (KEGG, map00260) and in intermediate between choline and cytidine-diphosphate choline in the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway (KEGG, map00564).

Chrysanthellin A, the principal saponin-derived compound isolated from Chrysanthellum americanum extract, is utilized in the research of digestive impairments [1].

L-Deoxyalliin , also known as S-allyl-L-cysteine, is a water soluble organosulfur compound derived from garlic that has neuroprotective and antioxidative activities. N-Acetyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine is a principal metabolite of L-deoxyalliin in humans, mice, rats, and dogs. It is readily detected in plasma and urine. The conversion of L-deoxyalliin to N-acetyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine appears to be mediated by a family of flavin-containing monooxygenases.

Polypectate sodium, a principal constituent of cell wall polysaccharides (pectins), serves as a carbon source and triggers polygalacturonase production. It is also employed to assess alkaline-active and stable pectate lyases from Streptomyces spp., and to investigate the optimization of polygalacturonase synthesis from Xanthophyllum spp. under various reaction conditions [1].

Lacto-N-neodifucohexaose II (Compd 9), a derivative of a principal human milk tetrasaccharide [1], functions as a click chemistry reagent featuring an Azide group. This enables it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with alkyne-bearing molecules. Additionally, it can engage in strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups.

Benzoylhypaconine (Benzoylhypacoitine) might be the principal active components which affect mitochondrial growth by Fuzi and its processed products.

Aminoadipic acid (DL-2-Aminoadipic acid) (2-aminoadipate) is a metabolite in the principal biochemical pathway of lysine. It is an intermediate in the metabolism (i.e. breakdown or degradation) of lysine and saccharopine. It antagonizes neuroexcitatory activity modulated by the glutamate receptor N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Aminoadipic acid has also been shown to inhibit the production of kynurenic acid, a broad spectrum excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist, in brain tissue slices.

Thymol, also known as Pseudoaspidin, is a principal monoterpene phenol found in the essential oils of plants from the Lamiaceae family, along with several other families including Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Apiaceae. This compound exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.

Riboflavin phosphate sodium (FMN) is the phosphate sodium salt form of riboflavin, a water-soluble and essential micronutrient that is the principal growth-promoting factor in naturally occurring vitamin B complexes. Riboflavin phosphate sodium is converted to 2 coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which are necessary for energy production by aiding in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins and are required for red blood cell formation and respiration, antibody production and for regulating human growth and reproduction.

(-)-Hydroxycitric acid (Garcinia acid) (Garcinia acid) is the principal acid of fruit rinds of Garcinia cambogia. It is a potent and competitive inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid suppresses fatty acid synthesis, food intake, lipogenesis, and induced weight loss.

2-Methoxyestrone is a methoxylated catechol estrogen and metabolite of estrone (pKa: 10.81).

Norepinephrine bitartrate is a precursor of epinephrine. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus.

During the sulfur-fumigation process of Paeoniae Radix Alba, Paeoniflorin, which serves as a principal constituent, can be converted into Paeoniflorin sulfite.

Riboflavin (E101) is a micronutrient that occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide.

Melittin, a small protein containing 26 amino acid residues, is the principal toxic component of bee venom. Melittin is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecul