autoimmune disorders

Tirabrutinib hydrochloride (GS-4059 (hydrochloride)) is a selective and novelBTK with IC50 2.2 nm inhibitor.

CTA 056 is an interleukin-2 induced T cell kinase (ITK) inhibitor, inhibits the growth of MOLT-4 xenograft tumors in mice, induces apoptosis in Jurkat cells, and can be used in the study of autoimmune disorders and T cell malignancies.

β-Aminoarteether (SM934 free base), an orally active derivative of Artemisinin, serves a pivotal role in the research of inflammation and autoimmune disorders, including those related to lupus diseases.

(R)-Lisofylline ((R)-Lisophylline) is an inhibitor of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (IC50 = 0.6 µM). (R)-Lisofylline interrupts IL-12 signaling-mediated STAT4 activation and can be used in studies about the treatment of type 1 diabetes and autoimmune disorders.

Upadacitinib (ABT-494) (ABT-494) is a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor, which is being studied for the treatment of several autoimmune disorders in the IC50 of 43 nM.

TNF-α-IN-8 (compound I-42) is an isoindole-imide-based inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) with applications in researching various diseases including cancer, heart disease, osteoporosis, and autoimmune disorders. Additionally, this compound serves as a click chemistry reagent, possessing an Azide group that can participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) or strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) with molecules containing Alkyne, DBCO, or BCN groups.

SR-29065 is a selective agonist of REV-ERBα, utilized in the research of autoimmune disorders [1].

Omega-3 Arachidonic Acid ethyl ester, a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid with limited presence in dietary sources, is crucial for infant growth and development and offers protection against heart disease, blood clots, high blood pressure, and inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. In human platelet membranes, it impedes arachidonyl-CoA synthetase, exhibiting a Ki of 14 μM, and shows similar inhibitory effects on arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase in calf brain extract with an IC50 of roughly 5 μM. The ethyl arachidonate derivative offers enhanced lipophilicity compared to its free acid counterpart.

4-Methylhistamine serves as a potent agonist for the histamine 4 receptor (H4R), holding promise for research into immune-related diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders [1] [2].

γ-Fibrinogen377-395 is a peptide derived from fibrinogen, functioning both as an inhibitory molecule and an epitope. It inhibits microglial activation, disrupts fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro, and mitigates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in murine models in vivo. This compound is relevant for research into multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroinflammatory disorders characterized by blood-brain barrier compromise and microglial activation [1].

4-hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide (4-OOH-CY) is the active metabolite form of the prodrug Cyclophosphamide. 4-OOH-CY crosslinks DNA and induces T cell apoptosis independent of death receptor activation, but activates mitochondrial death pathways through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).[1] Formulations containing the prodrug Cyclophosphamide are used to treat lymphomas and autoimmune disorders.[2],[3]

Briakinumab (ABT-874), a fully human anti-IL-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody, selectively targets and neutralizes IL-12 and IL-23. This compound is utilized in the research of various autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and multiple sclerosis [1].

Forigerimod (IPP-201101), a potent CD4 T-cell modulator, is a 21-amino-acid fragment of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa, phosphorylated at Ser140, known for its ability to inhibit autophagy effectively. It has applications in researching autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [1] [2] [3] [4].

Dirucotide (MBP8298), a synthetic 17-amino acid peptide, mirrors a segment of human myelin basic protein and has applications in research on central nervous system autoimmune disorders, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS) [1].

Spinoxin, a 34-residue peptide neurotoxin extracted from the venom of Heterometrus spinifer, is characterized by four disulfide bridges. It acts as a potent inhibitor of the Kv1.3 potassium channel with an IC 50 value of 63 nM. This compound is regarded as a promising molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of a range of autoimmune disorders and cancers [1].

IRAK4-IN-24 (compound 16), a potent IRAK4 inhibitor, exhibits high clearance (Cl) and low oral bioavailability. It is utilized in research pertaining to inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

LYP-IN-1 is a powerful LYP inhibitor that demonstrates high potency, selectivity, and specificity, with a Ki of 110 nM and an IC 50 of 0.259 μM. Beyond its primary target, LYP-IN-1 also exhibits selectivity towards a wide range of PTPs, including SHP1 (IC 50 = 5 μM) and SHP2 (IC 50 = 2.5 μM). Additionally, LYP-IN-1 demonstrates remarkable efficacy in T- and mast cells, making it a valuable tool for investigating autoimmune disorders.

MALT1-IN-11, a potent MALT1 protease inhibitor (IC 50 < 10 nM), effectively reduces IL10 secretion, exhibiting an IC 50 between 10-100 nM. This compound is primarily utilized in the study of cancer, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders.

ND-2110, a selective interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 inhibitors, is used for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and lymphoid malignancy.

MRGPRX4 modulator-1 (compound 31-2) is a potent antagonist of the mas-related g-protein receptor X4 (MRGPR X4) with an IC50 < 100 nM against MRGPR4. It is utilized for the investigation of MRGPR X4 dependent diseases including itch, pain, and autoimmune disorders [1].

Zaurategrast ethyl ester is the ethyl ester prodrug of CT7758 and is an α4β1/α4β7 integrin antagonist. It is used for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

Upadacitinib-15N-d2 the 15N and deuterated compound of Upadacitinib. Upadacitinib has a CAS number of 1310726-60-3. Upadacitinib (ABT-494) is a selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 inhibitor, which is being studied for the treatment of several autoimmune disorders in the IC50 of 43 nM.

Semapimod is an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine production, capable of suppressing TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. It hinders TLR4 signaling with an IC50 of approximately 0.3 μM, impedes p38 MAPK, and reduces nitric oxide production in macrophages. This compound shows promise for treating various inflammatory and autoimmune disorders [1] [2] [3].

IRAK4-IN-25 (compound 38), a potent oral IRAK4 inhibitor (IC50 = 7.3 nM) with low clearance (Cl = 12 mL/min/kg), effectively suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production and demonstrates favorable in vitro safety and ADME profiles. It is suitable for research on inflammatory and autoimmune disorders [1].

GK563, a selective Ca 2+-independent phospholipase A2 (GVIA iPLA2) inhibitor, exhibits a potent IC50 value of 1 nM and demonstrates 22,000-fold greater activity against GVIA iPLA2 compared to GIVA cPLA2. Its efficacy in reducing β-cell apoptosis triggered by proinflammatory cytokines suggests potential therapeutic benefits in combating autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes.

C5aR-IN-1, a potent inhibitor of C5aR, is linked with the potential to research inflammatory diseases. This association is due to the elevated levels of C5a, which are connected with autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

Forigerimod TFA (IPP-201101 TFA), a CD4 T-cell modulator, is a phosphorylated 21-amino-acid fragment derived from U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa, specifically at Ser140. It notably inhibits autophagy and is utilized in researching autoimmune disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) [1] [2] [3] [4].

IL-17A modulator-2, exhibits inhibitory properties towards IL-17A, with a pIC50 of 8.3. Its effectiveness lies in attenuating the biological effects associated with IL-17A activity. IL-17A modulator-2 finds utility in the study of diseases and disorders characterized by dysregulated IL-17A modulation, such as those involving immune dysfunction, autoimmune pathology, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions.

Coumestrol that existed in soybean products suppresses the proliferation of ES2 cells (IC50: 50 μM). It exhibits activities against neurological disorders, cancers and autoimmune diseases.

Zectivimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist, holds the potential for studying autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, and immunoregulation disorders.

Feeblin（IRF5-IN-1） is a protein degradation inducer that specifically blocks pro-inflammatory signaling pathways associated with autoimmune diseases and can be used to study immune system disorders in the class of systemic lupus erythematosus.

IRAK4-IN-26 (Compound 21), an IRAK4 inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.2 nM, exhibits an oral bioavailability of 21%. It is utilized for the study of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders [1].

1-Dehydro-[10]-gingerdione inhibits IKKβ activity by targeting its activation loop, thereby preventing IKKβ-mediated phosphorylation of IκBα in macrophages stimulated by agonists. Furthermore, this compound suppresses LPS-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, highlighting its potential in research related to NF-κB-associated inflammation and autoimmune disorders [1].

ACSS2-IN-2 (MTB-9655) is an inhibitor of acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2). ACSS2-IN-2 can inhibit ACSS2 activity with an IC50 value of 3.8 nM. ACSS2-IN-2 can be used for the research of several diseases, such as viral infection, metabolic disorders, neuropsychiatric diseases, inflammatory/autoimmune conditions and cancer.

Leramistat (HMC-C-01-A; MBS2320), a mitochondrial complex 1 inhibitor, plays a role in regulating cell and immune metabolism. It is effective in suppressing various conditions, including atopic dermatitis, autoimmune skin diseases, inflammatory disorders, cancer, and osteoclast-mediated diseases [1].

ROCK2-IN-6 hydrochloride (Comp A) serves as a selective inhibitor of ROCK2, applicable for research into ROCK-mediated diseases, autoimmune disorders, and inflammation [1].

RORγt modulator 5, a potent RORγt modulator, exhibits a dissociation constant (K_i) of <100 nM. This compound holds promise for the treatment of diseases mediated by RORγ, including inflammatory, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders.

LTA4H-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) with an IC 50 of 2 nM. LTA4H-IN-1 can be used for the research of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders [1].

Vidofludimus hemicalcium (4sc-101; SC12267) is an orally active compound that acts as a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor and serves as a novel modulator of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR). This immunomodulatory agent is utilized in the research of autoimmune disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and is explored for its potential in fatty liver disease research through FXR targeting.

PI3Kδ-IN-13 (compound 89), with an IC50 value of 2.6 nM, is an inhibitor of PI3Kδ, applicable for researching diseases involving cell proliferation, including cancer, infection, inflammation, and autoimmune disorders [1].

Δ7(Z)-C14-HSL (Compound 12), an immunosuppressive agent, inhibits the proliferation of mouse splenic cells, exhibiting an IC 50 of 17 μM. It holds promise for exploring its role as a molecular mechanism in TNF-R-driven immune diseases, including autoimmune disorders like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes [1].

DOG-IM4 is a chemical compound instrumental in synthesizing nanoparticles for delivering antigen-encoding nucleic acids, targeting a broad range of conditions including autoimmune diseases, rare blood or metabolic disorders, allergies, cancer, and infectious diseases [1].

Zaurategrast ethyl ester sulfate is a α4β1/α4β7 integrin antagonist, and used for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

C5aR-IN-3, a potent C5aR inhibitor, holds potential for inflammation disease research due to its ability to counteract increased C5a levels, which are linked to autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

IL-17A modulator-1 is an effective inhibitor of IL-17A activity, exhibiting a pIC 50 value of 8.2. This compound holds great promise for studying diseases and disorders that involve the modulation of IL-17A, such as immune-related diseases, autoimmune pathologies, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.

HPN-01 (IKK inhibitor XII) is a selective IKK inhibitor that inhibits IKK-α, IKK-β, and IKK-ε. HPN-01 reduces the severity of the disease, attenuates the immune imbalance, and prolongs the lifespan of mice in a model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and can be used to study immune disorders.

JAK3-IN-7 is a potent and selective JAK3 inhibitor (IC50<0.01 μM) for the treatment of rejection in organ transplantation, graft-versus-host reaction after organ transplantation, autoimmune disorders, allergic diseases, and chronic myeloproliferative disorders.

Upadacitinib is a potent and selective JAK inhibitor. Upadacitinib is approximately 74 fold selective for Jak1 over Jak2 in cellular assays dependent on specific, relevant cytokines. Upadacitinib demonstrates efficacy in rat arthritis models.